课文
课文理解
1）There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection.'
2）If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.
- put sb. out of business 使某人破产
- if引导条件状语从句；would do一般时过去将来
3）Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime
- 两个长句中间穿插短句，获得喘息和连贯
- extort sth. 勒索某物
- blackmail sb. 敲诈某人
4）As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
- as long ago as … 早在……就……
- an englishman是主语，sir john hawkwood同位语。因为两句所指相同、作用相同
- that引导同位语从句，判断方法从句成分完整的为同位语，缺少成分的为定语
- would rather / sooner do than do
5）Six hundred years ago, Sir Johan Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence.
- settle down 安定
6）He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto.
- make a name for oneself 成名、扬名
7）Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded.
- whenever引导让步状语从句，
8）In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them.
- in times of peace 时间状语，when引导非限定性定从修饰peace
- 下划线部分为主句，并且由and引出并列句；紧跟其后after引出时间状语，would offer...并列句主句；if引导条件状语从句嵌入主句
9）Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero.
10）When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a pictured painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue.'
高级作文句子要领
1、复合句为主，简单句作为点缀和过渡。
2、句式多变，尤其句首切忌雷同
无灵主语开头，复合句。
There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'.
条件状语从句开头，复合句。
If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.
无灵主语开头，简单句。
Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime.
介词短语作时间状语开头，复合句。
As long ago as the 14th century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
