nginx有哪几种负载均衡

部署nginx服务

本版本采用1.8版本,如图：

一、nginx安装

1、安装依赖

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel

yum -y install gcc*

2.下载好nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz存放到 服务器Centos 7 上的 /usr/local/ 下

3. 解压

tar zxvf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

4.进行configure配置（ps：当前我在 /usr/local/ 的位置，执行以下命令）

cd /usr/local/nginx-1.8.1 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

5.编译安装（ps：4步骤执行后，马上进行5步骤）

make && make install

注安装完毕后，将在/usr/local/下看到nginx文件夹,nginx文件夹中有四个文件夹： conf 存放配置文件 html 存放静态页面 logs 存放日志文件 sbin 执行文件

6.启动 nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx //启动  
  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop //关闭  
  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload //重启

 7、 附带：查看启动状态  

ps -ef | grep nginx  
netstat -anptul |grep 80  //查看80端口

8、启动成功如图：

9、浏览器访问即可，出现下图经典欢迎页面表示 nginx 安装成功

一、IPhash-哈希模式

• # IP-hash-哈希模式 - 固定响应
• # nginx服务器根据数据源IP地址 - 哈希计算 （IP地址不变 -得到哈希值固定）
• # nginx服务器根据哈希值进⾏⾃动匹配 - 后端服务器
• # 哈希算法 - 均衡 ，流量均衡分配到后端server
• # 在访问量较少时，有所有流量集中访问到同⼀个后端server的可能性。
• # 在访问量较⼤时，流量分配越均衡

[root@ha1 nginx]# vim nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
# [alert] 18037#0: 1024 worker_connections are not enough
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

##### add to config start #####

stream {
log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status
$upstream_bytes_sent';
access_log /var/log/nginx/web_cluster.log main;

# upstream-load_balance-Cluster 负载均衡
upstream web_cluster {
hash $remote_addr consistent;
server 192.168.8.101:80 ; # server1 IP:port
server 192.168.8.102:80 ; # server2 IP:port
server 192.168.8.103:80 ; # server3 IP:port
}

server {
listen 80; # nginx proxy port -
proxy_pass web_cluster; # 反向代理
}

}
##### add to config end #####

检查Nginx配置⽂件格式

[root@ha1 nginx]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

重新加载配置⽂件

[root@ha1 nginx]# nginx -s reload

二、权重加权轮询模式

# weight 权重

# 根据分配不同权重，负载均衡根据权重值来进⾏访问分配

修改配置文件

[root@ha1 nginx]# vim nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
# [alert] 18037#0: 1024 worker_connections are not enough
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
worker_connections 1024;
}

##### add to config start #####

stream {
log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status
$upstream_bytes_sent';
access_log /var/log/nginx/web_cluster.log main;

# upstream-load_balance-Cluster 负载均衡
upstream web_cluster {
server 192.168.40.101:80 weight=3; # server1 IP:port
server 192.168.40.102:80 weight=2; # server2 IP:port
server 192.168.40.103:80 weight=1; # server3 IP:port
}

server {
listen 80; # nginx proxy port -
proxy_pass web_cluster; # 反向代理
}

}
##### add to config end #####

检查Nginx配置⽂件格式

[root@ha1 nginx]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

重新加载配置⽂件

[root@ha1 nginx]# nginx -s reload

三、least_connection-最⼩连接

链接数最少，选择哪个

[root@ha1 nginx]# vim nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
# [alert] 18037#0: 1024 worker_connections are not enough
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
worker_connections 1024;
}

##### add to config start #####

stream {
log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status
$upstream_bytes_sent';
access_log /var/log/nginx/web_cluster.log main;

# upstream-load_balance-Cluster 负载均衡
upstream web_cluster {
least_conn;
server 192.168.8.101:80 ; # server1 IP:port
server 192.168.8.102:80 ; # server2 IP:port
server 192.168.8.103:80 ; # server3 IP:port
}

server {
listen 80; # nginx proxy port -
proxy_pass web_cluster; # 反向代理
}

}
##### add to config end #####

检查Nginx配置⽂件格式

[root@ha1 nginx]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

重新加载配置⽂件

[root@ha1 nginx]# nginx -s reload