Nginx的代码是由一个核心和一系列的模块组成, 核心主要用于提供Web Server的基本功能，以及Web和Mail反向代理的功能；还用于启用网络协议，创建必要的运行时环境以及确保不同的模块之间平滑地进行交互。不过，大多跟协议相关的功能和某应用特有的功能都是由nginx的模块实现的。
在nginx内部，进程间的通信是通过模块的pipeline或chain实现的；换句话说，每一个功能或操作都由一个模块来实现。例如，压缩、通过FastCGI或uwsgi协议与upstream服务器通信，以及与memcached建立会话等。
一、安装Nginx：
1、解决依赖关系
编译安装nginx需要事先需要安装开发包组"Development Tools"和 "Development Libraries"。同时，还需要专门安装pcre-devel包：
yum -y install pcre-devel
2、安装
首先添加用户nginx，实现以之运行nginx服务进程：
groupadd -r nginx
useradd -r -g nginx -s /bin/false -M nginx
编译安装
./configure --prefix=/usr --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi --with-pcre
make
make install
3、为nginx提供SysV init脚本:
新建文件/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx，内容如下：
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
为这个脚本添加执行权限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
添加到服务列表
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
service nginx start
4、测试nginx
现将nginx配置文件中的注释行去掉,看着不舒服
grep -v '.*#.*' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default > /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
1.普通测试
此时若不做修改,直接打开网页
2.别名测试
在配置文件中添加
location /bbs/ {
alias /nginx/bbs/;
}
然后创建目录/nginx/bbs,然后在其中添加index.html
echo "jlkdjklajdklfajkldjfklajl" > index.html
然后打开网页显示
3.以域名访问
前提是本机能解析
二、安装mysql5.5.24
详情见我原来的LAMP搭建的博文http://5142926.blog.51cto.com/5132926/921873
这里由于我原来安装LAMP已经装过php了,所以这次装在另一个目录下
三、安装php5.4.4
与我原来的LAMP搭建的博文中php的安装方法类似,这里不做详细介绍,具体说下两者区别
如果想让编译的php支持mcrypt、mhash扩展和libevent
libmcrypt-2.5.8-4.el5.centos.i386.rpm
libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-4.el5.centos.i386.rpm
mhash-0.9.9-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm
mhash-devel-0.9.9-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm
libevent-2.0.17-2.i386.rpm
libevent-devel-2.0.17-2.i386.rpm
mcrypt-2.6.8-1.el5.i386.rpm
最好使用升级的方式安装上面的rpm包
rpm -Uvh
tar xf php-5.4.4.tar.bz2
cd php-5.4.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php4nginx --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-sockets --enable-sysvshm --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --with-curl
然后make漫长的过程(对自己安装不放心的话,可以make test 测试一下)
最后make install
为php提供配置文件：
cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表：
cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig --add php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on
为php-fpm提供配置文件：
cp /usr/local/php4nginx/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php4nginx/etc/php-fpm.conf
编辑php-fpm的配置文件：
vim /usr/local/php4nginx/etc/php-fpm.conf
配置pm.的相关选项为你所需要的值，并启用pid文件（如下最后一行）：
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8
pid = /usr/local/php4nginx/var/run/php-fpm.pid
接下来就可以启动php-fpm了：
service php-fpm start
使用如下命令来验正（如果此命令输出有中几个php-fpm进程就说明启动成功了）：
ps aux | grep php-fpm
四、整合nginx和php5
1、编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，添加
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
然后在支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
service nginx restart
2、在/usr/html新建index.php的测试页面
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
3、编辑/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params，将其内容更改为如下内容：
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
然后就可以测试了
