MySQL 从5.5开始改用cmake来编译源码，本例为编译源码安装 mysql ：
# 添加 Mysql 帐号
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin
#创建文件夹
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql #存放mysql路径
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysqldb #存放数据库文件路径，具体路径可根据需要自行创建
chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysqldb #设置访问权限
# 安装编译软件
yum -y install bison gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel
wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz
# 安装 Mysql
1 tar zxvf mysql-5.6.15.tar.gz
2 cd mysql-5.6.15
3 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysqldb -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
4 make -j2
5 make install
# 初始化 Mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
1 cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf #复制配置文件，如果存在覆盖即可
2 cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #可用service命令重启
3 chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #权限设定为755
4 chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on #增加 mysql 自动启动级别
5 ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysqldb #创建系统数据库
6 vi /etc/profile #将mysql服务加入到系统变量,在最后一行添加
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
7 vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql #mysql安装路径
datadir=/usr/local/mysqldb #mysql数据库存放路径
8 reboot #重启服务器
9 mysql_secure_installation #设置mysql密码或直接修改密码
mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456" #设置密码
10 service mysqld restart #重启服务
mysql安装完成
# 优化 Mysql 配置文件
1 # 以4核cpu 8G内存 的硬件配置来优化参数: vim /etc/my.cnf
2 #
3 # This is for a large system with memory of 1G-2G where the system runs mainly
4 # MySQL.
5 #
6 # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
7 # locations which depend on the deployment platform.
8 # You can copy this option file to one of those
9 # locations. For information about these locations, see:
10 # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
11 #
12 # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
13 # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
14 # with the "--help" option.
15
16 # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
17 [client]
18 #password = your_password
19 port = 3306
20 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
21
22 # Here follows entries for some specific programs
23 # The MySQL server
24 [mysqld]
25 port = 3306
26 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
27 skip-external-locking
28 key_buffer_size = 4096M
29 max_allowed_packet = 2M
30 table_open_cache = 1024
31 sort_buffer_size = 2M
32 read_buffer_size = 32M
33 read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M
34 myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
35 thread_cache_size = 64
36 query_cache_size = 128M
37 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
38 lower_case_table_names = 1
39 skip-name-resolve
40 max_connections = 1024
41 character-set-server = utf8
42 collation-server = utf8_general_ci
43 # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
44 thread_concurrency = 8
45
46 # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
47 # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
48 # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
49 # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
50 # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
51 #
52 #skip-networking
53
54 # Replication Master Server (default)
55 # binary logging is required for replication
56 log-bin=mysql-bin
57 expire_logs_days = 10
58
59 # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
60 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
61 # but will not function as a master if omitted
62 server-id = 1
63
64 # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
65 #
66 # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
67 # two methods :
68 #
69 # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
70 # the syntax is:
71 #
72 # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
73 # MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
74 #
75 # where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
76 # <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
77 #
78 # Example:
79 #
80 # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
81 # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
82 #
83 # OR
84 #
85 # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
86 # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
87 # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
88 # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
89 # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
90 # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
91 # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
92 # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
93 # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
94 #
95 # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
96 # (and different from the master)
97 # defaults to 2 if master-host is set
98 # but will not function as a slave if omitted
99 #server-id = 2
100 #
101 # The replication master for this slave - required
102 #master-host = <hostname>
103 #
104 # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
105 # to the master - required
106 #master-user = <username>
107 #
108 # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
109 # the master - required
110 #master-password = <password>
111 #
112 # The port the master is listening on.
113 # optional - defaults to 3306
114 #master-port = <port>
115 #
116 # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
117 #log-bin=mysql-bin
118 #
119 # binary logging format - mixed recommended
120 #binlog_format=mixed
121
122 # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
123 #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
124 #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend
125 #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
126 # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
127 # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
128 #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 384M
129 #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
130 # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
131 #innodb_log_file_size = 100M
132 #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
133 #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
134 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
135
136 [mysqldump]
137 quick
138 max_allowed_packet = 32M
139
140 [mysql]
141 no-auto-rehash
142 # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
143 #safe-updates
144
145 [myisamchk]
146 key_buffer_size = 1024M
147 sort_buffer_size = 512M
148 read_buffer = 32M
149 write_buffer = 64M
150
151 [mysqlhotcopy]
152 interactive-timeout
# 启动 Mysql
1 cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
2 ./mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql &
# 应用 Mysql
1 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot
2
3 mysql> show processlist; -- 查看当前正在执行的任务
4 mysql> show variables; -- 查看系统变量
5 mysql> show variables like 'max%'; -- 查看max开头的系统变量
6 mysql> show status; -- 查看当前系统状态
7 mysql> show status like 'qcache%'; -- 查看与qcache相关的系统状态
8 mysql> show status like 'max%'; -- 查看与max相关的系统状态
9 mysql> show master status; -- 查看主从关系中主服务器状态
10 mysql> show slave status; -- 查看主从关系中从服务器状态
