最近工作需要用到数据持久化,所以在此分享一下,通过查阅资料,数据持久化大体都是通过xml或者json来进行的。unity为我们自定义了数据持久化方法,但是比较局限,还需要自己来完成数据持久化方法。
(一)unity方法
unity提供了三个方法来实现数据持久化,不过只能对int float string类型进行数据持久化,命令如下
//设定Key=float的值为12f
PlayerPrefs.SetFloat("float", 12f);
//通过key值“float”获取数值12,如果“float”未设定值,则默认为1f
PlayerPrefs.GetFloat("float", 1f);
//相关定义与setfloat相同
PlayerPrefs.SetInt("int", 12);
PlayerPrefs.GetInt("int", 1);
PlayerPrefs.SetString("str", "abc");
PlayerPrefs.GetString("str", "default");
unity提供的方法比较局限,复杂数据还需要自己进行数据可持续化
(二)C#与xml
通过C#编写读取修改xml
1)编写xml
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;
using System.IO;
namespace MenuData
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string filePath = "";
string fileName = "MenuData.xml";
string targetFile = Path.Combine(filePath, fileName);
string[] mainMenu = new string[]{
"文件","配置","显示","诊断","投入运行","关机","帮助"};
string[] parentMenu = new string[]
{
"投入运行助手","测量","调整","软件更新","售后服务","机器人数据","网络配置","辅助软件"
};
string[] childMenu = new string[]
{
"工具","基坐标","固定工具","附加负载数据","外部运动装置","测量点","允差"
};
string[] toolMenu = new string[]
{
"XYZ_4点法","XTZ_参照法","ABC_2点法","ABC_世界坐标系","数字输入","更改名称","工具负荷数据"
};
string[] baseMenu = new string[]
{
"_3点法","间接","数字输入","更改名称"
};
XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
//加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
XmlDeclaration xmldecl;
xmldecl = xmldoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "gb2312", null);
xmldoc.AppendChild(xmldecl);
XmlElement menu = xmldoc.CreateElement("", "Menu", "");
xmldoc.AppendChild(menu);
//XmlNode root = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("Menu");//查找<menu>
for (int i = 0; i < mainMenu.Length; i++)
{
XmlElement rootElem = xmldoc.CreateElement(mainMenu[i]);//创建一个<mainMenu[i]>节点
rootElem.SetAttribute("Layer", "1");//设置该节点ID属性
if (i == 4)
{
for (int j = 0; j < parentMenu.Length; j++)
{
XmlElement parentElem = xmldoc.CreateElement(parentMenu[j]);//创建一个<parentElem[i]>节点
parentElem.SetAttribute("Layer", "2");//设置该节点ID属性
if (j == 1)
{
for (int m = 0; m < childMenu.Length; m++)
{
XmlElement childElem = xmldoc.CreateElement(childMenu[m]);//创建一个<childMenu[i]>节点
childElem.SetAttribute("Layer", "3");
if (m == 0)
{
for (int ii = 0; ii < toolMenu.Length; ii++)
{
XmlElement elem = xmldoc.CreateElement(toolMenu[ii]);//创建一个<childMenu[i]>节点
elem.SetAttribute("Layer", "4");
// elem.InnerText = toolMenu[ii];
childElem.AppendChild(elem);
}
}
if (m == 1)
{
for (int ii = 0; ii < baseMenu.Length; ii++)
{
XmlElement elem = xmldoc.CreateElement(baseMenu[ii]);//创建一个<childMenu[i]>节点
elem.SetAttribute("Layer", "4"); // elem.SetAttribute("type", "noChild");
//elem.InnerText = baseMenu[ii];
childElem.AppendChild(elem);
}
}
parentElem.AppendChild(childElem);
}
}
rootElem.AppendChild(parentElem);
}
}
menu.AppendChild(rootElem);
}
xmldoc.Save(targetFile);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;
namespace XmlRW
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
//加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
XmlDeclaration xmldecl;
xmldecl = xmldoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "gb2312", null);
xmldoc.AppendChild(xmldecl);
//加入一个根元素
XmlElement xmlelem = xmldoc.CreateElement("", "ToolAndFrame", "");
xmldoc.AppendChild(xmlelem);
for (int i = 1; i < 3; i++)
{
string identifyStr;
string id;
int count;
if(i==1)
{
identifyStr = "tool";
count = 16;
}
else
{
identifyStr = "frame";
count = 32;
}
//增加次级节点
XmlNode root = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("ToolAndFrame");//查找<ToolAndFrame>
XmlElement elem = xmldoc.CreateElement(identifyStr);//创建一个<identifyStr>节点
elem.SetAttribute("ID", identifyStr);//设置该节点ID属性
//xe1.SetAttribute("ISBN", "2-3631-4");//设置该节点ISBN属性
for(int j=0;j<count;j++)
{
XmlElement toolElem = xmldoc.CreateElement("elem"+i.ToString());
toolElem.SetAttribute("ID", j.ToString());
toolElem.InnerText = "未知 [?]";
elem.AppendChild(toolElem);
}
root.AppendChild(elem);//添加到<Employees>节点中
}
xmldoc.Save("ToolAndFrame.xml");
}
}
}
2)读取
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;
namespace ReadXml
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load("ToolAndFrame.xml");
List<string> strList = new List<string>();
XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("ToolAndFrame").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点
foreach (XmlNode temp in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点
{
XmlElement elem = (XmlElement)temp;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
//if (elem.GetAttribute("genre") == "张三")//如果genre属性值为“张三”
//{
// elem.SetAttribute("genre", "update张三");//则修改该属性为“update张三”
//}
XmlNodeList childElem = elem.ChildNodes;//继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点
foreach (XmlNode node in childElem)//遍历
{
XmlElement xml = (XmlElement)node;//转换类型
//if (xml.Name == "author")//如果找到
//{
// xml.InnerText = "亚胜";//则修改
//}
strList.Add(xml.InnerText);
}
}
foreach(string str in strList)
{
Console.WriteLine(str);
}
Console.WriteLine(strList.Count);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
3)查找与更改
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;
namespace ChangeText
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string id = "tool";
int num = 7;
string text = "new Name";
ChangeVal(id, num, text);
}
public static void ChangeVal(string id,int num,string text)
{
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load("ToolAndFrame.xml");
// List<string> strList = new List<string>();
XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("ToolAndFrame").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点
foreach (XmlNode temp in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点
{
XmlElement elem = (XmlElement)temp;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
if (elem.Name == id)//如果elem的名字为“张三”
{
Console.WriteLine(elem.GetAttribute("ID"));
Console.WriteLine(elem.Name);
XmlNodeList childElem = elem.ChildNodes;//继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点
foreach (XmlNode node in childElem)//遍历
{
XmlElement xml = (XmlElement)node;//转换类型
if (xml.GetAttribute("ID") == num.ToString())
{
xml.InnerText = text;
break;
}
}
break;
}
}
xmlDoc.Save("ToolAndFrame.xml");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
本文查找与更改只是更改了属性,如果需要添加节点或者删除节点,只需要查找到相关节点以后,用命令remvoechild即可,最后一定要保存。
(三)json
如果采用json格式实现数据可持续化则可以直接采用unity方法jsonUtility来实现
private string WriteTOJson()
{
string json = JsonUtility.ToJson(jsonData);
return json;
}
private PersistData ReadFromJson(string json)
{
PersistData jsonClass = JsonUtility.FromJson<PersistData>(json);
return jsonClass;
}
class PersistData
{
public long width;
public long top;
public long left;
public long height;
}
对于list格式的参数进行解析时要增加serializable
如下所示:
#region jsonClass
[Serializable]
public class ListModel
{
public int ListContentId;
public string CName;//新版本
public string EName;//新版本
//public string Name;//旧版本
public string BigResourcePath;
public string BigResourceName;
public string BigResourceType;
public string SmallResourcePath;
public string SmallResourceName;
public string SmallResourceType;
public DateTime UpdateTime;
public int Order;
public int Level;
public int ParentId;
//public int ListContentId;
//public string Name;
//public string BigResourcePath;
//public string BigResourceName;
//public string BigResourceType;
//public string SmallResourcePath;
//public string SmallResourceName;
//public string SmallResourceType;
//public DateTime UpdateTime;
//public int Order;
//public int Level;
//public int ParentID;
}
[Serializable]
public class ListLevelModel
{
public bool success;
public List<ListModel> data;
}
#endregion
listLevelModel = JsonUtility.FromJson<ListLevelModel>(jsonlist);
(四)LitJson
采用unity自带的解析方法时,在解析list时需要构筑一个带list的类,不能直接解析成list,而litjson可以如:
allComments = JsonMapper.ToObject<List<CommentElem>>(json);
也可以直接解析出所需要的参数,如下所示,可以直接获取到det下add的值
JsonData data = JsonMapper.ToObject(json);
string str = data["Det"]["add"]
PS:如果xml需要跳过注释可用
if(temp is XmlComment)
{
continue;
}