nginx访问日志

查看nginx.conf文件

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

中间有一行是定义log的格式

log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
    ' $host "$request_uri" $status'
    ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';

其中''包围起来的不算一行,只是为了美观才分行显示,分行显示就必须加上''号;

含义: combined_realip:定义日志格式别名,默认为combined_realip,这里我会改为test001; $remote_addr:客户端ip也就是出口公网ip; $http_x_forwarded_for:代理服务器ip; $time_local:服务器本地时间; $host:访问主机名(域名); $request_uri:访问的url地址; $status:状态码,比如404; $http_referer:referer; $http_user_agent:也就是访问的浏览器类型,比如傲游7;

编辑虚拟web配置

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

增加access_log /tmp/test.com.log combined_realip;

其中combined_realip是定义名称,记得与nginx.conf匹配;

检错与重新加载

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

访问与测试

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/1.html -I

访问成功200 查看日志

cat /tmp/test.com.log
127.0.0.1 - [15/Mar/2018:03:13:28 +0800] test.com "/1.html" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0"

日志切割

创建shell脚本

vim /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh

代码

#! /bin/bash
## 假设nginx的日志存放路径为/tmp/
d=`date -d "-1 day" +%Y%m%d`
logdir="/tmp/"
nginx_pid="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
cd $logdir
for log in `ls *.log`
do
    mv $log $log-$d
done
/bin/kill -HUP `cat $nginx_pid`

执行脚本(可不执行)

sh -x /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh

[root@shu-test ~]# sh -x /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh
++ date -d '-1 day' +%Y%m%d
+ d=20180314
+ logdir=/tmp/
+ nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
+ cd /tmp/
++ ls php_errors.log test.com.log
+ for log in '`ls *.log`'
+ mv php_errors.log php_errors.log-20180314
+ for log in '`ls *.log`'
+ mv test.com.log test.com.log-20180314
++ cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
+ /bin/kill -HUP 1574
[root@shu-test ~]#

任务计划执行脚本

crontab -e
写入脚本
0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh

意思:每天凌晨0点执行脚本/usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh

如何脚本删除log

find /tmp/ -name *.log-* -type f -mtime +30 |xargs rm

静态文件不记录日志和过期时间

编辑web虚拟文件

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

增加代码

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
          expires      7d;
          access_log off;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)$
    {
          expires      12h;
          access_log off;
    }

所有代码预览

server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name test.comtest1.comtest2.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/wwwroot/test.com;
    if ($host != 'test.com' ) {
        rewrite  ^/(.*)$  http://test.com/$1  permanent;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
          expires      7d;
          access_log off;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)$
    {
          expires      12h;
          access_log off;
    }
    access_log /tmp/test.com.log test;
}

检错与重新加载

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload