nginx及编译安装nginx

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pengfei37234 2012-03-18 21:50:28 ©著作权

文章标签 安装 html 能力动态 false 文章分类 Nginx 服务器

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Nginx:不支持动态支持静态能力强支持fastcgi
响应模式：一个进程响应多个请求
是带事件驱动的epoll机制
网页位置：/usr/html

编译安装nginx

yum install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel

# groupadd -r nginx
# useradd -r -g nginx -s /bin/false -M nginx 建立nginx用户和nginx组

下载nginx-1.0.13.tar.gz
tar xf nginx-1.0.13.tar.gz 解压
cd nginx-1.0.13
开始编译：

./configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
--with-pcre

make
make install
给nginx脚本
vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
添加内容
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=$[^ ]*$.*/\1/g' -`
   options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
   for opt in $options; do
       if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
           value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
           if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
               # echo "creating" $value
               mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
           fi
       fi
   done
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

给权限：
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
添加到服务列表：
chkconfig --add nginx
服务自动启动：
chkconfig nginx on

location
=表示精确匹配，所请求的必须是一个特定文件
~表示做正则表达式匹配，
^~不使用正则表达式，只做字符匹配
@转向其他代理服务器
=优先级最高
^~次之

访问日志：
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

监听端口
形式如下：
listen 127.0.0.1:8000;
listen 127.0.0.1;
listen 8000;
listen *:8000;
listen localhost:8000;

alias 别名
在server中
例如：
location /bbs {
         alias /www/bbs;
}
虚拟主机：
如：
server {
      listen   80;
      server_name www.magedu.com;
      root /www/magedu;
      index index.html;
}
      server {
      listen   80;
      server_name dz.magedu.com;
      root /www/discuz;
      index index.html;
}
      server {
      listen 80 default;
      server_name _;
      root /www/default;
      index index.html;
      location /status {
         stub_status on;
         access_log off;
}

定义默认虚拟主机：
server {
      listen 80 default;
      server_name _;
      root /www/default;
      index index.html;

}

开启nginx状态监控的功能：
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}

启用基于用户的认证：
auth_basic "Restricted";
         auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
如：
server {
      listen 80 default;
      server_name _;
      root /www/default;
      index index.html;
      location /status {
         stub_status on;
         access_log off;
         auth_basic "Restricted";
         auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
}
}

访问控制：
如：
location / {
deny    192.168.1.1;
allow   192.168.1.0/24;
allow   10.1.0.0/16;
deny    all;
}