服务器实战rootkit检测
本文主要介绍linux上检测rootkit的两种工具: Rootkit Hunter和Chkrootkit.
第一种：Rootkit Hunter
下载地址：http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/rkhunter/rkhunter/1.3.6/rkhunter-1.3.6.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# tar zxvf rkhunter-1.3.6.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# cd rkhunter-1.3.6
[root@master rkhunter-1.3.6]# ./installer.sh --install
[root@master master]# rkhunter --update
[root@master master]# rkhunter -c
Checking system commands...
Performing 'strings' command checks
Checking 'strings' command [ OK ]
Performing 'shared libraries' checks
Checking for preloading variables [ None found ]
Checking for preloaded libraries [ None found ]
Checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable [ Not found ]
Performing file properties checks
Checking for prerequisites [ Warning ]
/bin/awk [ OK ]
/bin/basename [ OK ]
/bin/bash [ OK ]
/bin/cat [ OK ]
/bin/chmod [ OK ]
/bin/chown [ OK ]
/bin/cp [ OK ]
/bin/csh [ OK ]
/bin/cut [ OK ]
/bin/date [ OK ]
/bin/df [ OK ]
/bin/dmesg [ OK ]
/bin/echo [ OK ]
/bin/ed [ OK ]
/bin/egrep [ OK ]
/bin/env [ OK ]
/bin/fgrep [ OK ]
/bin/grep [ OK ]
/bin/kill [ OK ]
/bin/logger [ OK ]
/bin/login [ OK ]
/bin/ls [ OK ]
/bin/mail [ OK ]
/bin/mktemp [ OK ]
/bin/more [ OK ]
/bin/mount [ OK ]
/bin/mv [ OK ]
/bin/netstat [ OK ]
/bin/ps [ OK ]
/bin/pwd [ OK ]
/bin/rpm [ OK ]
/bin/sed [ OK ]
/bin/sh [ OK ]
/bin/sort [ OK ]
/bin/su [ OK ]
/bin/touch [ OK ]
/bin/uname [ OK ]
/bin/gawk [ OK ]
/bin/tcsh [ OK ]
/usr/bin/awk [ OK ]
/usr/bin/chattr [ OK ]
/usr/bin/curl [ OK ]
/usr/bin/cut [ OK ]
/usr/bin/diff [ OK ]
/usr/bin/dirname [ OK ]
/usr/bin/du [ OK ]
/usr/bin/elinks [ OK ]
/usr/bin/env [ OK ]
/usr/bin/file [ OK ]
/usr/bin/find [ OK ]
/usr/bin/groups [ Warning ]
/usr/bin/head [ OK ]
/usr/bin/id [ OK ]
/usr/bin/kill [ OK ]
/usr/bin/killall [ OK ]
/usr/bin/last [ OK ]
/usr/bin/lastlog [ OK ]
/usr/bin/ldd [ Warning ]
/usr/bin/less [ OK ]
/usr/bin/links [ OK ]
/usr/bin/locate [ OK ]
/usr/bin/logger [ OK ]
/usr/bin/lsattr [ OK ]
/usr/bin/lynx [ OK ]
/usr/bin/md5sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/newgrp [ OK ]
/usr/bin/passwd [ OK ]
/usr/bin/perl [ OK ]
/usr/bin/pgrep [ OK ]
/usr/bin/pstree [ OK ]
/usr/bin/readlink [ OK ]
/usr/bin/runcon [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha1sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha224sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha256sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha384sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha512sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/size [ OK ]
/usr/bin/stat [ OK ]
/usr/bin/strings [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sudo [ OK ]
/usr/bin/tail [ OK ]
/usr/bin/test [ OK ]
/usr/bin/top [ OK ]
/usr/bin/tr [ OK ]
/usr/bin/uniq [ OK ]
/usr/bin/users [ OK ]
/usr/bin/vmstat [ OK ]
/usr/bin/w [ OK ]
/usr/bin/watch [ OK ]
/usr/bin/wc [ OK ]
/usr/bin/wget [ OK ]
/usr/bin/whatis [ Warning ]
/usr/bin/whereis [ OK ]
/usr/bin/which [ OK ]
/usr/bin/who [ OK ]
/usr/bin/whoami [ OK ]
/usr/bin/gawk [ OK ]
/sbin/chkconfig [ OK ]
/sbin/depmod [ OK ]
/sbin/fuser [ OK ]
/sbin/ifconfig [ OK ]
/sbin/ifdown [ Warning ]
/sbin/ifup [ Warning ]
/sbin/init [ OK ]
/sbin/insmod [ OK ]
/sbin/ip [ OK ]
/sbin/kudzu [ OK ]
/sbin/lsmod [ OK ]
/sbin/modinfo [ OK ]
/sbin/modprobe [ OK ]
/sbin/nologin [ OK ]
/sbin/rmmod [ OK ]
/sbin/runlevel [ OK ]
/sbin/sulogin [ OK ]
/sbin/sysctl [ OK ]
/sbin/syslogd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/adduser [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/chroot [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupadd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupdel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/grpck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/kudzu [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/lsof [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/pwck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sestatus [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/tcpd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/useradd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/userdel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/usermod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/vipw [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/xinetd [ OK ]
/usr/local/bin/rkhunter [ OK ]
/etc/rkhunter.conf [ OK ]
[Press <ENTER> to continue]
第二种：Chkrootkit
下载 http://www.chkrootkit.org/download/
[root@master ~]# wget ftp://ftp.pangeia.com.br/pub/seg/pac/chkrootkit.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# tar zxvf chkrootkit.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# cd chkrootkit-0.49/
Chkrootkit
Chkrootkit由Nelson Murilo和Klaus Steding Jessen开发. 与Rootkit Hunter程序不同的是, chrootkit不需要installer安装程序, 你只需解开软件包后执行chrootkit即可, 然后将对一些二进制文件进行一系列的测试, 除了与Rootkit Hunter相同的测试外, Chkrootkit还对一些重要的二进制文件进行检测, 比如搜索入侵者已更改日志文件的特征信息等等. 而且, 如果你想列出已经测试的所有项目, 你可以运行带有’-l’参数的命令:
# chkrootkit -l
在测试过程中, 如果你想在屏幕上看到更多有用的信息, 执行下面命令:
# chkrootkit -x
chkrootkit将在专家模式(expert mode)运行.
在Linux上组合使用Rootkit Hunter和Chkrootkit工具是检测rootkis不错的办法.
参考:
Various ways of detecting rootkits in GNU/Linux
