$ tar xfz MySQL-python-1.2.1.tar.gz
  $ cd MySQL-python-1.2.1
  $ # edit site.cfg if necessary
  $ python setup.py build
  $ sudo python setup.py install # or su first
#上面这是文档上给的安装步骤
[root@zhu2 MySQL-python-1.2.3]# python setup.py build
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 5, in ?
    from setuptools import setup, Extension
ImportError: No module named setuptools
#这是由于python里缺少setuptools这个模块引起的。
#解决方法如下
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools#downloads
下载setuptools软件安装
wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-3.3.tar.gz#md5=87680a0eb0bb6f720d5e2d89ba67debc  --no-check-certificate

1.python连接mysql需要的模块MySQLdb默认是没有安装的，所以需要单独的安装后才能使用，安装的方法有编译安装和yum安装。虽是个小模块，但安装时也遇到了一些问题。

编译安装：

1.下载所需软件

http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/files/mysql-python/ #可在此地址下找到需要的版本。
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mysql-python/mysql-python/1.2.3/MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz
#解压
tar xf MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz

2.安装

[root@jiang MySQL-python-1.2.3]# python setup.py build
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 5, in <module>
    from setuptools import setup, Extension
ImportError: No module named setuptools
#这个报错是由于缺少setuptools这个模块引起的，解决方法如下：
wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-3.3.tar.gz#md5=87680a0eb0bb6f720d5e2d89ba67debc
tar xf setuptools-3.3.tar.gz
python setup.py  build
python setup.py install

继续安装

unable to execute gcc: No such file or directory
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
#出现这个错误时，解决方法如下：
yum -y install python-devel mysql-devel gcc
解决该错误后继续安装
[root@jiang MySQL-python-1.2.3]# python setup.py build
[root@jiang MySQL-python-1.2.3]# python setup.py install
这样便可成功安装
Processing MySQL_python-1.2.3-py2.6-linux-i686.egg
Copying MySQL_python-1.2.3-py2.6-linux-i686.egg to /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages
Adding MySQL-python 1.2.3 to easy-install.pth file
Installed /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.3-py2.6-linux-i686.egg
Processing dependencies for MySQL-python==1.2.3
Finished processing dependencies for MySQL-python==1.2.3
检测该模块是否可成功使用
[root@jiang ~]# python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Jan 22 2014, 09:37:14)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import MySQLdb

假如mysql使用的是编译安装，那么也可能碰到问题

mysql_config not found   #找不到mysql的安装路径
vim  setup_posix.py #找到第26行左右
mysql_config.path = "mysql_config"  #修改为对应的mysql安装路径即可，比如
/opt/mysql/bin/mysql_config
#######################
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lmysqlclient_r #这个错误是找不到mysql的库文件
解决方法：
echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig
如果没有libmysqlclient_r.so 就建立一个软连接 ln -s libmysqlclient.so libmysqlclient_r.so

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yum安装更为便捷可选

yum -y install MySQL-python    #使用yum安装便不会出现那么多的包依赖问题了。