基于apache实现https

CA认证服务搭建见：

​​CA认证及搭建过程​​

实验环境： 基于centos6系统

1. 安装httpd

[root@xinsz08-1 ~]# yum install httpd -y

2. 修改http web服务器

[root@xinsz08-1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
[root@xinsz08-1 ~]# service httpd restart
停止 httpd：                                               [失败]
正在启动 httpd：                                           [确定]

[root@xinsz08-1 ~]# iptables -F

3. 客户端服务器生成证书请求文件，获得证书

[root@xinsz08-1 ~]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out /etc/httpd/conf.d/sever.key
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
................++++++
.......................++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase for /etc/httpd/conf.d/sever.key:
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for /etc/httpd/conf.d/sever.key:

4. 使用私钥生成请求文件

[root@xinsz08-64 ~]# openssl req -new -key /etc/httpd/conf.d/server.key   -out  /server.csr    #注意后期添加的国家，省，组织等信息要和CA保持一致
Enter pass phrase for /etc/httpd/conf.d/server.key:123456  #输入私钥的密码
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:haidian
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:zmedu
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:IT
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:xinsz08-64.cn 
#这里要求输入的CommonName必须与通过浏览器访问您网站的 URL 完全相同，否则用户会发  现您服务器证书的通用名与站点的名字不匹配，用户就会怀疑您的证书的真实性。可以使域名也可以  使IP地址。
Email Address []:[e-mail]

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:    #不输密码直接回车
An optional company name []:
注：证书请求文件中有xinsz08-64的公钥。  这个公钥是在生成证书请求文件时，通过指定的私钥   /etc/httpd/conf.d/server.key生成的。 
常识： 通过私钥可以生成公钥的，通过公钥不可以推出来私钥。

5、将证书请求文件发给CA服务器：

[root@xinsz08-64 ~]# scp /server.csr 192.168.1.63:/tmp/

6. 签名

[root@xinsz08-62 ~]# openssl ca -h
[root@xinsz08-62 ~]# openssl ca -keyfile /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -cert  /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem -in /tmp/server.csr -out /server.crt 
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem:123456
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number:
            ce:60:e0:a3:fe:ee:88:09
        Validity
            Not Before: Dec 21 14:25:53 2014 GMT
            Not After : Dec 21 14:25:53 2015 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = CN
            stateOrProvinceName       = beijing
            organizationName          = xzmedu
            organizationalUnitName    = IT
            commonName                = xinsz08-64.cn
            emailAddress              = [e-mail]
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
                CA:TRUE
            Netscape Comment: 
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                1B:30:0B:28:4A:31:EA:FC:05:7D:54:A3:87:A0:6E:BE:F8:D6:3C:F8
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 
                keyid:6D:0F:0C:C5:96:32:A8:8B:D3:FF:36:39:5B:14:5B:9B:31:12:4A:C3

Certificate is to be certified until Dec 21 14:25:53 2015 GMT (365 days)   #证书有效期是365天。证书进行认证，直到12月21日十四时25分53秒格林尼治标准时间2015年（365天）
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y    #注册证书
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y  #确认
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

7、将证书复制到xinsz08-64

[root@xinsz08-62 ~]# scp /server.crt 192.168.1.64:/

到此证书签名完毕。

使用证书实现https

18.4.2 在xinsz08-64上配置HTTPS web服务器

1、安装SSL模块

[root@xinsz08-64 ~]# yum install mod_ssl -y

2、配置apache加载证书文件

[root@xinsz08-64 ~]# cp /server.crt /etc/httpd/conf.d/ #复制证书

[root@xinsz08-64 ~]# ls /etc/httpd/conf.d/server.key  #查看私钥
/etc/httpd/conf.d/server.key

[root@xinsz08-64 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf
改：100  SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt 
为：100  SSLCertificateFile  /etc/httpd/conf.d/server.crt

改：107  SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key
为：107  SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/conf.d/server.key

3、启动服务：

[

root@xinsz08-64 ~]# systemctl restart httpd
Enter SSL pass phrase for xinsz08-64.cn:443 (RSA) : 123456    #httpd私钥密码

4、测试https，查看端口

[root@xinsz08-64 ~]# netstat -antup | grep 443
tcp        0      0 :::443          :::*                        LISTEN      5138/httpd

5、通过浏览器测试https效果

访问IP

查看浏览器上的证书