步骤:

  1. 在.pro文件下添加两个模块。如下:
QT += multimedia    #这个模块包含<QCamera><QCameraImageCapture>
QT += multimediawidgets #包含<QCameraViewfinder>
  1. widget.h头文件,如下:
#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>

#include <QCamera>//系统摄像设备(摄像头)
#include <QCameraViewfinder>//摄像取景器部件
#include <QCameraImageCapture>//截图部件
#include <QFileDialog> //保存时候打开文件窗口

namespace Ui {
class Widget;
}

class Widget : public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT

public:
explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
~Widget();

private slots:
//定义槽函数
void captureImage();
void displayImage(int,QImage);
void saveImage();

private:
Ui::Widget *ui;

QCamera *camera;
QCameraViewfinder *viewfinder;
QCameraImageCapture *imageCapture;
};

#endif // WIDGET_H
  1. widget.cpp文件,如下:
#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include <QPen>
#include <QPainter>
#include <QDebug>

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
QWidget(parent),
ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
ui->setupUi(this);

//申请空间
camera=new QCamera(this); //系统摄像设备(摄像头)
viewfinder=new QCameraViewfinder(this);//摄像取景器部件
imageCapture=new QCameraImageCapture(camera); //截图部件 指定父对象camera 依赖摄像头截图

camera->setViewfinder(viewfinder);//申请好的取景部件给摄像头
camera->start();//运行摄像头

//注意:
//ImageView是 horizontalLayout 类的对象
//ImageCapture是Lable 类的对象
ui->ImageView ->addWidget(viewfinder);//摄像头取到的景放入ImageView
ui->ImageCapture->setScaledContents(true); //让图片适应ImageCapture的大小

//horizontalLayout 类有捕捉图像的功能
connect(imageCapture, SIGNAL(imageCaptured(int,QImage)), this, SLOT(displayImage(int,QImage)));
connect(ui->buttonCapture, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(captureImage()));
connect(ui->buttonSave, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(saveImage()));
connect(ui->buttonQuit, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(close()));
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
delete ui;
}

void Widget::captureImage()
{
imageCapture->capture();
}

void Widget::displayImage(int , QImage image)
{
ui->ImageCapture->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image));
}

void Widget::saveImage()
{
QString fileName=QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this, tr("save file"), "../", tr("Images (*.png *.xpm *.jpg)"));
//返回的是文件路径字符串 , 第四个参数是设置可以保存的类型
if(fileName.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
const QPixmap* pixmap=ui->ImageCapture->pixmap();//使用一种画布指向图片
if(pixmap) {
pixmap->save(fileName); //保存画布
}
}