ZABBIX 安装图解教程（环境篇）
说明：
操作系统：Centos6.x（64）
IP地址：192.168.1.1
Web环境：Mysql+Nginx+php
Zabbix版本：zabbix3.0.3
备注：Linux下安装zabbix需要有LAMP或者LNMP运行环境
准备篇：
一、WEB环境安装：Mysql+Nginx+php
CentOS 6.x编译安装Nginx1.8.0+MySQL5.1.73+PHP5.6.23
安装篇：
一、mysql安装
1.下载mysql到/usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://syslab.comsenz.com/downloads/linux/mysql-5.1.73-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
2.解压
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvfmysql-5.1.73-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
3.把解压完的数据移动到/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost src]# mv mysql-5.1.73-linux-x86_64-glibc23
/usr/local/mysql
4.建立mysql用户
[root@localhost src]# useradd -s/sbin/nologin mysql
5.初始化数据库
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql; chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
6.拷贝配置文件
[root@localhost mysql]# cpsupport-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
7.拷贝启动脚本文件并修改其属性
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 755/etc/init.d/mysqld
8.修改启动脚本
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
9.把启动脚本加入系统服务项，并设定开机启动，启动mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
[root@localhost mysql]# ps aux |grep mysqld 查看是否启动
二、PHP安装
1.下载php
[rot@localhost ]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@localhost src]# wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.23.tar.gz
2.解压php
[root@localhost src]# tar zxf php-5.6.23.tar.gz
3.创建相关账户
[root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
4.配置编译参数
[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.6.23
[root@localhost php-5.6.23]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=php-fpm \
--with-fpm-group=php-fpm \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-mcrypt \
--enable-soap \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-exif \
--enable-zend-multibyte \
--disable-ipv6 \
--with-pear \
--with-curl \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-sockets \
--with-mysqli \
--with-gettext
在这一步，遇到如下错误:
configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
解决办法是:
yum install -y libxml2-devel
还有错误:
configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>
解决办法是:
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
错误:
checking for BZip2 in default path... not found
configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
解决办法:
yum install -y bzip2 bzip2-devel
错误:
configure: error: png.h not found.
解决办法:
yum install -y libpng libpng-devel
错误:
configure: error: freetype.h not found.
解决办法:
yum install -y freetype freetype-devel
错误:
configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
解决办法一:（如果虚机不能连网，就无法使用扩展yum源，则使用第二种办法）
rpm -ivh "http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/data/p_w_upload/forum/month_1211/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm"
yum install -y libmcrypt-devel
解决办法二：下载libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz包
#tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz -C/usr/local/src/
#cd /usr/local/src/libmcrypt-2.5.8/
#./configure && make&& make install
5.编译php
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# make
在这一步，你通常会遇到一些错误，没有关系，遇到错误是好事，这样可以增加你处理问题的经验。遇到了错误:
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lltdl
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [sapi/fpm/php-fpm] 错误 1
解决方式:
yum install -y libtool-ltdl-devel
6.安装php
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# make install
以上每一个步骤，如果没有完全执行正确，那么下一步是无法进行的，是否还记得判断执行是否正确的方法？使用 echo $? 看结果是否为 “0” , 如果不是，就是没有执行正确。
7.修改配置文件
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
把如下内容写入该文件:
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
保存配置文件后，检验配置是否正确的方法为:
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
如果出现诸如 “test is successful” 字样，说明配置没有问题。
8.启动php-fpm
cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.23/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
service php-fpm start
如果想让它开机启动，执行:
chkconfig php-fpm on
检测是否启动:
ps aux |grep php-fpm
三 、安装
1.下载nginx
cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
2.解压nginx
tar zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
3.配置编译参数
cd nginx-1.8.0
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-pcre
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
yum install -y pcre-devel
4.编译nginx
make
5.安装nginx
make install
因为nginx比较小，所以很快就会安装完，而且也不会出什么错误，如果出错了，百度。
6.编写nginx启动脚本，并加入系统服务
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
写入如下内容:
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() {echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload(){echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart(){stop
start
}
configtest(){$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
保存后，更改权限:
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
如果想开机启动，请执行:
chkconfig nginx on
7.更改nginx配置
首先把原来的配置文件清空:
> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
“>”这个符号之为重定向的意思，单独用它，可以把一个文本文档快速清空。
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
写入如下内容:
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
'$host "$request_uri" $status'
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;
#也可以加include vhosts/*.conf 包含文件的相对路径 (下面serve就可
#以不用了，在vhosts里建立虚拟主机）
#这样，我们就可以在 /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts目录下创建虚拟主机配#
#置文件了
#cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
#[root@localhost conf]# mkdir vhosts
#[root@localhost conf]# cd vhosts/
#[root@localhost vhosts]# vim default.con
server
{listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$ {include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
也可以
保存配置后，先检验一下配置文件是否有错误存在:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果显示内容如下，则配置正确，否则需要根据错误提示修改配置文件:
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
启动nginx:
service nginx start
如果不能启动，请查看 “/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log” 文件，检查nginx是否启动:
ps aux |grep nginx
看是否有进程。
