Description
You are given an array of positive integers w where w[i] describes the weight of ith index (0-indexed).
We need to call the function pickIndex() which randomly returns an integer in the range [0, w.length - 1]. pickIndex() should return the integer proportional to its weight in the w array. For example, for w = [1, 3], the probability of picking the index 0 is 1 / (1 + 3) = 0.25 (i.e 25%) while the probability of picking the index 1 is 3 / (1 + 3) = 0.75 (i.e 75%).
More formally, the probability of picking index i is w[i] / sum(w).
Example 1:
Example 2:
Constraints:
- 1 <= w.length <= 10000
- 1 <= w[i] <= 10^5
- pickIndex will be called at most 10000 times.
分析
题目的意思是:实现一个带权重的随机取数,使得每个位置以给定权重取出。这里有一个trick,就是权重求和,比如[1,3],求和后[1,4],然后随机生成一个[0,3]的整数,落在1以前就是1,落在[1,3]上就是3的位置了哈。如果能搞懂这个剩下的就是生成的随机正数落在哪个区间的问题了。
代码
参考文献
[LeetCode] A simply readable Python
[LeetCode] Random Pick with Weight 根据权重随机取点