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艾小漂 2014-07-20 14:08:28

文章标签 代理 文章分类 Nginx 服务器

一、) 安装Nginx
1.) 安装
Nginx发音为[engine x]，是由俄罗斯人Igor Sysoev建立的项目,基于BSD许可。据说他当初是F5的成员之一，英文主页：http://nginx.net。俄罗斯的一些大网站已经使用它超过两年多了，一直表现不凡。

安装nginx之前需要安装pcre包和zlib以支持重写,正则以及网页压缩等等.

安装pcre

下载地址: http://www.pcre.org/

下载适合自己的版本,然后进行安装:

tar zxvf pcre-7.7.tar.gz

cd pcre-7.7

make

make install

安装zlib

下载地址: http://www.zlib.net/

下载适合自己的版本,然后进行安装:

tar zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.2.3

make

make install

下载地址: http://www.nginx.net/

等待pcre和zlib安装完毕,开始安装nginx

下载适合自己的版本,然后编译安装:

Nginx的编译参数如下：

[root@oracle132 /]# tar zxvf nginx-0.6.31

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# cd nginx-0.6.31

特别说明：Nginx需要PCRE模块的支持，但在RHEL下，即便已经安装PCRE模块，Nginx编译时还是不能正确找到相关库文件，因此需要做以下变通。

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# mkdir /usr/include/pcre

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]#cp /usr/local/lib/libpcre.a /usr/include/pcre/libpcre.a

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# cp /usr/local/lib/libpcre.a /usr/include/pcre/libpcre.la

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# cp /oracle/pcre-7.7/pcre.h /usr/include/pcre/pcre.h

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# mkdir /usr/include/pcre/.libs

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# cp /usr/local/lib/libpcre.a /usr/include/pcre/.libs/libpcre.a

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# cp /usr/local/lib/libpcre.a /usr/include/pcre/.libs/libpcre.la

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# cp /oracle/pcre-7.7/pcre.h /usr/include/pcre/.libs/pcre.h

上面变通操作完毕,接下来开始编译安装.

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# ./configure --with-pcre=/usr/include/pcre --with-http_stub_status_module

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]# vi ./objs/Makefile（注：删除此文件1006行“./configure --disable-shared”）

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]#make

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]#make install

[root@oracle132 nginx-0.6.31]#

安装完毕,默认nginx安装到了/usr/local/下,进入nginx文件夹,打开配置文件!

[root@oracle132 conf]# pwd

/usr/local/nginx/conf

2)nginx的配置文件详解

[root@oracle132 conf]# vi nginx.conf

user nobody nobody; #运行用户

worker_processes 1; #启动进程

#全局错误日志及PID文件

#error_log logs/error.log;

error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

#工作模式及连接数上限

events {

use epoll;

worker_connections 1024;

}

#设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持

http {

#设定mime类型

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#设定日志格式

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '

# '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

#设定请求缓冲
client_header_buffer_size    1k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;

#设定access log
    sendfile        on;

    tcp_nopush     on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;

#启用网页压缩
     gzip on;
     gzip_http_version 1.0;
     gzip_comp_level 2;
     gzip_proxied any;
     gzip_types text/plain text/html text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
     gzip_min_length 1100;
     gzip_buffers 4 8k;
#设定负载均衡的服务器列表
upstream ixdba{
#weigth参数表示权值，权值越高被分配到的几率越大
#本机上的Squid开启3128端口
server 192.168.8.1:3128 weight=5;
server 192.168.8.2:80 weight=1;
server 192.168.8.3:80 weight=6;
}
#下面是配置虚拟主机
    include    /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf;
include    /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/www.test.com.conf;

3)虚拟主机配置文件详解

由于虚拟主机分别有一个文件来指定,下面举例某个虚拟主机的配置如下:
[root@oracle132 vhosts]#
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/www.test.com.conf;

server {
        listen       80; #虚拟主机使用端口
        server_name www.test.com; #虚拟主机访问域名
        charset UTF-8; #设定nginx默认字符编码
        #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#所有jpg格式的图片都有nginx来处理
        location ~ \.jpg$ {
                root    /cicro/cws3/vhosts/www.test.com/ROOT;
                expires 30d;
        }
#所有gif格式的图片都有nginx来处理
        location ~ \.gif$ {
                root    /cicro/cws3/vhosts/www.test.com/ROOT;
                expires 30d;
        }
# upload和html下所有文件都有nginx来处理

location ~ ^/(upload|html)/ {

root /cicro/cws3/vhosts/www.test.com/ROOT;

expires 30d;

}

#除去上面的文件,剩下的所有都代理给http://127.0.0.1:8009来访问

location / {

root /cicro/cws3/vhosts/www.test.com/ROOT;

index index.html;

proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8009;

}
#设定查看Nginx状态的地址

location /NginxStatus {

access_log on;

auth_basic "NginxStatus";

auth_basic_user_file ../htpasswd;

}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

在上面有设置查看Nginx状态的地址,需要apache的htpasswd 来生成一个登录验证文件,这样生成一个htpasswd 文件:

[root@oracle132 vhosts]# /usr/local/bin/htpasswd -c htpasswd gaojf

New password: (此处输入您的密码)
Re-type new password: (再次输入您的密码)
Adding password for user gaojf

上面 /usr/local/bin/htpasswd 是htpasswd 文件的执行路径,如果没有这个文件,可以从apache的bin目录拷贝一个过来即可!

-c是创建一个文件

-c后面的httpasswd是创建验证文件的名字.

gaojf是创建的用户

#查看nginxstatus:
http://www.test.com/nginxstatus/，输入验证帐号密码，即可看到类似如下内容：
Active connections: 328
server accepts handled requests
9309 8982 28890
Reading: 1 Writing: 3 Waiting: 324
第一行表示现在活跃的连接数
第三行的第三个数字表示Nginx运行到当前时间接受到的总请求数，假如快达到了上限，就需要加大上限值了。

CODE:

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#             proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:    /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:    /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:    /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}

stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}

restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
start
}

reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}

force_reload() {
restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
start)
      rh_status_q && exit 0
      $1
      ;;
stop)
      rh_status_q || exit 0
      $1
      ;;
restart|configtest)
      $1
      ;;
reload)
      rh_status_q || exit 7
      $1
      ;;
force-reload)
      force_reload
      ;;
status)
      rh_status
      ;;
condrestart|try-restart)
      rh_status_q || exit 0
      ;;
*)
      echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
      exit 2
esac
################################################
#!/bin/bash
# v.0.0.1
# create by jackbillow at 2007.10.15
# nginx - This shell script takes care of starting and stopping nginx.
#
# chkconfig: - 60 50
# description: nginx [engine x] is light http web/proxy server
# that answers incoming ftp service requests.
# processname: nginx
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nginx_path="/usr/local/nginx"
nginx_pid="/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid"

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

[ -x $nginx_path/sbin/nginx ] || exit 0

RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"

start() {
# Start daemons.

if [ -e $nginx_pid -a ! -z $nginx_pid ];then
echo "nginx already running...."
exit 1
fi

if [ -e $nginx_path/conf/nginx.conf ];then
  echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
  $nginx_path/sbin/nginx -c $nginx_path/conf/nginx.conf &
  RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && {
touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog
success $"$prog"
}
echo
else
RETVAL=1
fi
return $RETVAL
}

# Stop daemons.
stop() {
      echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
      killproc -d 10 $nigx_path/sbin/nginx
      RETVAL=$?
      echo
      [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f $nginx_pid /var/lock/subsys/$prog
}

# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
      start
      ;;

stop)
      stop
      ;;

reconfigure)
      stop
      start
      ;;

status)
      status $prog
      RETVAL=$?
      ;;

*)
      echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reconfigure|status}"
      exit 1
esac

exit $RETVAL