CAT简介
CAT(Central Application Tracking),是美团点评基于 Java 开发的一套开源的分布式实时监控系统。美团点评基础架构部希望在基础存储、高性能通信、大规模在线访问、服务治理、实时监控、容器化及集群智能调度等领域提供业界领先的、统一的解决方案,CAT 目前在美团点评的产品定位是应用层的统一监控组件,在中间件(RPC、数据库、缓存、MQ 等)框架中得到广泛应用,为各业务线提供系统的性能指标、健康状况、实时告警等服务。
准备工作
对于同步请求API,CAT服务端自然是可以看到的。同步请求API的实例可以参考之前的文章《五分钟后,你将学会在SpringBoot项目中如何集成CAT调用链》。但对于异步请求API,因为不在同一线程中,在子线程中无法获取到父线程消息树,所以在CAT服务端是无法看到的对应请求。
首先,写一个类实现Cat.Context接口,用于存放消息树的上下文信息:
public class CatContext implements Cat.Context {
private Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
@Override
public void addProperty(String key, String value) {
properties.put(key, value);
}
@Override
public String getProperty(String key) {
return properties.get(key);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "CatContext{"
+ "properties=" + properties + '}';
}
}
我们可以先父线程消息树的上下文信息保存下来,然后在子线程使用。先写一个存放上下文信息的地方:
public class ContextWarehouse {
private static ThreadLocal<CatContext> contextThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal();
public static void setContext(final CatContext context) {
contextThreadLocal.set(context);
}
public static CatContext getContext() {
//先从ContextWarehouse中获取上下文信息
CatContext context = contextThreadLocal.get();
if (context == null) {
context = new CatContext();
Cat.logRemoteCallClient(context);
}
return context;
}
}
实现Callable接口,创建一个自定义的类,实现了在子线程中存放父线程的上下文信息的功能:
public class OneMoreCallable<V> implements Callable<V> {
private CatContext catContext;
private Callable<V> callable;
public DdCallable(final Callable<V> callable) {
this.callable = callable;
this.catContext = new CatContext();
//获取父线程消息树的上下文信息
Cat.logRemoteCallClient(this.catContext);
}
@Override
public V call() throws Exception {
//保存父线程消息树的上下文信息到子线程
ContextWarehouse.setContext(this.catContext);
return callable.call();
}
}
定义一些常量,在调用API时作为header中的key:
public class CatHttpConstants {
public static final String CAT_HTTP_HEADER_CHILD_MESSAGE_ID = "DD-CAT-CHILD-MESSAGE-ID";
public static final String CAT_HTTP_HEADER_PARENT_MESSAGE_ID = "DD-CAT-PARENT-MESSAGE-ID";
public static final String CAT_HTTP_HEADER_ROOT_MESSAGE_ID = "DD-CAT-ROOT-MESSAGE-ID";
}
埋点时,在调用API的HttpClient工具类中统一增加代码,以GET方式为例:
public class HttpClientUtil {
public static String doGet(String url) throws IOException {
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
String content = null;
Transaction t = Cat.newTransaction(CatConstants.TYPE_CALL, url);
try {
CatContext context = ContextWarehouse.getContext();
httpGet.setHeader(CatHttpConstants.CAT_HTTP_HEADER_ROOT_MESSAGE_ID, context.getProperty(Cat.Context.ROOT));
httpGet.setHeader(CatHttpConstants.CAT_HTTP_HEADER_PARENT_MESSAGE_ID, context.getProperty(Cat.Context.PARENT));
httpGet.setHeader(CatHttpConstants.CAT_HTTP_HEADER_CHILD_MESSAGE_ID, context.getProperty(Cat.Context.CHILD));
response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
t.setStatus(Transaction.SUCCESS);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Cat.logError(e);
t.setStatus(e);
throw e;
} finally {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
t.complete();
}
return content;
}
}
异步请求实例
下面写一个异步请求的实例,通过多个商品ID异步获取对应的商品详细信息:
public class ProductService {
/**
* 声明一个大小固定为10的线程池
*/
private static ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
/**
* 通过商品ID列表异步获取对应的商品详细信息
*
* @param productIds 商品ID列表
* @return 对应的商品详细信息
*/
public List<String> findProductInfo(List<Long> productIds) {
List<Future<String>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
for (Long productId : productIds) {
futures.add(executor.submit(new DdCallable(() -> {
try {
//调用获取商品详细信息的API
return HttpClientUtil.doGet("http://api.product/get?id=" + productId);
} catch (Exception e) {
return "";
}
})));
}
List<String> productInfos = new ArrayList<>();
for (Future<String> future : futures) {
try {
//异步获取对应商品详细信息
productInfos.add(future.get());
} catch (Exception e) {
productInfos.add("");
}
}
return productInfos;
}
}
这样写以后,在CAT服务端的Transaction报表中就可以查看到异步请求了。