在上篇里,我使用的是寄宿在WPF上的WCF进行两个程序间的通信,在解决问题的同时,我的同事也在思考能否使用UWP来做这件事。于是,我们发现了App Service,两个UWP应用沟通的桥梁。
App Service以background task 的形式允许一个UWP向其它UWP提供服务。
首先我们新建一个名为"MyCalculatorService"的Windows Runtime Component项目,新建Calculator类,实现 IBackgroundTask.接口,它很类似WCF里的ServiceContract。
public sealed class Calculator : IBackgroundTask
{
private BackgroundTaskDeferral backgroundTaskDeferral;
private AppServiceConnection appServiceConnection;
public void Run(IBackgroundTaskInstance taskInstance)
{
this.backgroundTaskDeferral = taskInstance.GetDeferral();
var details = taskInstance.TriggerDetails as AppServiceTriggerDetails;
appServiceConnection = details.AppServiceConnection;
appServiceConnection.RequestReceived += OnRequestReceived;
taskInstance.Canceled += OnTaskCanceled;
}
private async void OnRequestReceived(AppServiceConnection sender, AppServiceRequestReceivedEventArgs args)
{
var messageDeferral = args.GetDeferral();
ValueSet message = args.Request.Message;
ValueSet returnData = new ValueSet();
string command = message["Command"] as string; //Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide
int? firstNumber = message["Input1"] as int?;
int? secondNumber = message["Input2"] as int?;
int? result = 0;
if (firstNumber.HasValue && secondNumber.HasValue)
{
switch (command)
{
case "Add":
{
result = firstNumber + secondNumber;
returnData.Add("Result", result.ToString());
returnData.Add("Status", "Complete");
break;
}
case "Subtract":
{
result = firstNumber - secondNumber;
returnData.Add("Result", result.ToString());
returnData.Add("Status", "Complete");
break;
}
case "Multiply":
{
result = firstNumber * secondNumber;
returnData.Add("Result", result.ToString());
returnData.Add("Status", "Complete");
break;
}
case "Divide":
{
result = firstNumber / secondNumber;
returnData.Add("Result", result.ToString());
returnData.Add("Status", "Complete");
break;
}
default:
{
returnData.Add("Status", "Fail: unknown command");
break;
}
}
}
await args.Request.SendResponseAsync(returnData);
messageDeferral.Complete();
}
private void OnTaskCanceled(IBackgroundTaskInstance sender, BackgroundTaskCancellationReason reason)
{
if (this.backgroundTaskDeferral != null)
{
this.backgroundTaskDeferral.Complete();
}
}
}
然后再新建一个名为MyCalculatorServiceProvider的UWP程序,充当服务端角色,相当于WCF宿主服务的。引用刚才我们创建的wind,然后在 Package.appxmanifest 中声明一个 名为CalculatorService1的App Service 实例,添加 入口点"MyCalculatorService.Calculator"。
现在我们来创建名为“CalculatorClient”的客户端,并调用以上服务。添加以下代码
public sealed partial class MainPage : Page
{
private AppServiceConnection calculatorService;
public MainPage()
{
this.InitializeComponent();
}
private async void button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
//Add the connection
if (calculatorService == null)
{
calculatorService = new AppServiceConnection();
calculatorService.AppServiceName = "CalculatorService1";
calculatorService.PackageFamilyName = "83da5395-2473-49fb-b361-37072e87e9b9_xe3s0d4n4696a";
var status = await calculatorService.OpenAsync();
if (status != AppServiceConnectionStatus.Success)
{
Result.Content = "Failed to connect";
return;
}
}
//Call the service
int num1 = int.Parse(InputtextBox1.Text);
int num2 = int.Parse(InputtextBox2.Text);
var message = new ValueSet();
message.Add("Command", Operation.SelectionBoxItem);
message.Add("Input1", num1);
message.Add("Input2", num2);
AppServiceResponse response = await calculatorService.SendMessageAsync(message);
string result = "";
if (response.Status == AppServiceResponseStatus.Success)
{
//Get the data that the service sent
if (response.Message["Status"] as string == "Complete")
{
result = response.Message["Result"] as string;
}
}
message.Clear();
ResulttextBlock.Text = result;
}
}
注意其中的AppServiceName是我们在MyCalculatorServiceProvider项目中定义的App Service的Name,PackageFamilyName 是MyCalculatorServiceProvider项目的PackageFamilyName。
完成后,先部署MyCalculatorServiceProvider再部署CalculatorClient,效果是不是跟WCF很类似呢?