资源文件file.txt
hello hadoop
hello word
this is my first hadoop program

分析:一个文档中每行的单词通过空格分割后获取,经过map阶段可以将所有的单词整理成如下形式:
key:hello value:1
key:hadoop value:1
key:hello value:1
key:word value:1
key:this value:1
key:is value:1
key:my value:1
key:first value:1
key:hadoop value:1
key:program value:1
经过hadoop整理后以如下形式输入到Reduce中:
key:hello value:{1,1}
key:hadoop value: {1,1}
key:word value:{1}
key:this value: {1}
key:is value:{1}
key:myvalue: {1}
key:first value:{1}
key:program value:{1}
所以Reduce接受的时候是以Iterable<IntWritable> values最为值。在Reduce中我们就可以将value中的值迭代相加就可以得出该单词出现的次数。
实现:
package com.bwzy.hadoop;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.TextOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
public class WordCount extends Configured implements Tool {
    public static class Map
            extends
            org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
        private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);
        private Text word = new Text();
        public void map(LongWritable key,Text value,Context context){
            String line = value.toString();
            StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);//读取每一行数据,并将该行数据以空格分割(StringTokenizer默认是以空格分割字符串)
            while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                word.set(tokenizer.nextToken());
                try {
                    context.write(word, one);//输出给Reduce
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    public static class Reduce extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {
        public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,
                Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException{
            int sum = 0;
//合并每个单词出现的次数
            for (IntWritable val : values) {
                sum+=val.get();
            }
            context.write(key, new IntWritable(sum));
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int ret = ToolRunner.run(new WordCount(), args);
        System.exit(ret);
    }
    @Override
    public int run(String[] arg0) throws Exception {
        Job job = new Job(getConf());
        job.setJobName("wordcount");
          
        job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);//key--设置输出格式
        job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);//value--设置输出格式
          
        job.setMapperClass(Map.class);
        job.setReducerClass(Reduce.class);
          
        job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);
        job.setOutputFormatClass(TextOutputFormat.class);
          
        FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(arg0[0]));
        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(arg0[1]));
        boolean success = job.waitForCompletion(true);
          
        return success?0:1;
    }
}

运行:
1:将程序打包
    选中打包的类-->右击-->Export-->java-->JAR file--填入保存路径-->完成
2:将jar包拷贝到hadoop的目录下。(因为程序中用到来hadoop的jar包)
3:将资源文件(存储这单词的文件,假设在/home/user/Document/file1.txt)上传到定义的hdfs目录下
    创建hdfs目录命令(在hadoop已经成功启动的前提下):hadoop fs -mkdir /自定义/自定义/input
    上传本地资源文件到hdfs上:hadop fs -put -copyFromLocal /home/user/Document/file1.txt /自定义/自定义/input
4:运行MapReduce程序:
hadoop jar /home/user/hadoop-1.0.4/WordCount.jar com.bwzy.hadoop.WordCount /自定义/自定义/input /自定义/自定义/output

说明:hadoop运行后会自动创建/自定义/自定义/output目录,在该目录下会有两个文件,其中一个文件中存放来MapReduce运行的结果。如果重新运行该程序,需要将/自定义/自定义/output目录删除,否则系统认为该结果已经存在了。
5:运行的结果为
hello 2
hadoop 2
word 1
this 1
is 1
my 1
first 1
program 1