一、项目介绍
1.项目简述
Docker Webtop是LinuxServer.io团队开发的一个开源项目,它提供了一个基于浏览器的全功能桌面环境,可以直接在Docker容器中运行。通过将Web应用和传统桌面应用相结合,Docker Webtop可以使远程工作和协作变得更加高效和便捷。
2.项目功能
Docker Webtop集成了多个关键组件,包括Xvfb(一个无头的XServer,用于在后台运行图形应用程序,避免实际的显示器需求)、x11docker(负责将图形输出转发到VNC服务器或本地XServer)、WebRTC(支持实时音视频通信,为远程桌面提供流畅的交互体验)以及NoVNC(一个基于Web的VNC客户端,使得用户可以在任何支持HTML5的现代浏览器中访问桌面环境)。此外,Docker Webtop还集成了其他实用工具,如文件管理器、文本编辑器和终端模拟器,以便用户在浏览器内进行日常操作。
3.项目开源地址
https://github.com/linuxserver/docker-webtop
二、项目搭建环境
1. 项目测试环境
A.项目搭建在腾讯云centos7.6,外网地址为43.138.153.157
Linux VM-8-12-centos 3.10.0-1160.108.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Jan 25 16:17:31 UTC 2024 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
B.docker版本为26.01,docker-compose版本为v2.26.1
注意:本次实践部署环境为个人腾讯云的测试环境,若是生产环境请谨慎部署;对应开启了容器的端口,在linux下和防火墙下需开放对应端口。
2. 本次项目实施过程
使用docker下载镜像,创建好项目需要挂载的路径,通过docker-cli或者docker compose启动容器,启动容器后查看容器启动状态,查看容器的运行日志是否正常,以上全部正常执行后体验项目功能。
3.注意:docker下载镜像有可能遇到比较慢的情况,参考以下解决措施:
A.docker配置换源,进入/etc/docker的路径,如果没有就创建这个目录
cd /etc/docker/
mkdir -p /etc/docker
B.编辑配置文件
vim daemon.json ##可以清空里面的内容:%d 然后复制下面的源进去wq保存
{
"registry-mirrors":[
"https://286u3d9d.mirror.aliyuncs.com"
]
}
C.registry-mirrors:指定了一个镜像仓库的 URL https://286u3d9d.mirror.aliyuncs.com。 这个配置项用于设置 Docker镜像的镜像仓库地址,使得在拉取和推送 Docker 镜像时能够通过该镜像仓库进行加速。这边提供的是广东广州服务器的镜源,建议个人自己去阿里云建一个个人账号,根据实际所在区获取镜源。
D.重新加载源,重启docker服务
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
三、项目搭建前巡检
1. 检查docker是否正常运行
systemctl status docker
or
service docker status
注:我个人测试环境是使用systemctl进行管理,若有使用service管理请使用第二条的命令进行查看。
[root@VM-8-12-centos ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-04-22 23:13:57 CST; 4 days ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 17092 (dockerd)
Tasks: 158
Memory: 142.3M
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
若显示docker的Active是active (running),即表明docker是正常运行的。
2.一般我会使用docker-compose去管理,所以预先需要创建好yaml文件,vim docker-compose.yml,格式如下例子:
version: '3.9'
services:
nginx:
image: nginx
logging:
options:
max-size: 1g
restart: always
volumes:
- '/var/run/docker.sock:/tmp/docker.sock:ro'
ports:
- '80:80'
四、项目实施过程
1.根据开源项目,找到对应的镜像进行pull,若遇到很慢的情况,先检查是否网络问题以及是否已经换源。
docker pull lscr.io/linuxserver/webtop:latest
[root@VM-8-12-centos ~]# docker pull lscr.io/linuxserver/webtop:latest
latest: Pulling from lscr.io/linuxserver/webtop
d1669123f281: Pull complete
2ec73b48ae40: Pull complete
64ed7897b25d: Pull complete
eefea741bc5a: Pull complete
28cc9a8a9caf: Pull complete
c6243262b905: Pull complete
5c2d9fd83087: Pull complete
e3ebcbb7b55e: Pull complete
4f4fb700ef54: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:39a32a34a4e4ecd6e289d08d649f530441d5fe3c6cdb60bdc0f1fbc9d1f2bd26
Status: Downloaded newer image for lscr.io/linuxserver/webtop:latest
lscr.io/linuxserver/webtop:latest
2.若已经下载完成显示新的一行,可以输入命令查看是否上一条命令执行成功
echo$?
若返回0,则成功;返回其他则根据实际情况重新下载或者查找原因。
3.docker下载完后,可以查看对应的镜像是否下载成功
docker images |grep webtop
4.下载成功后,编辑docker-compose.yml文件
version: "2"
services:
webtop:
image: lscr.io/linuxserver/webtop:latest
container_name: webtop
security_opt:
- seccomp:unconfined #optional
environment:
- PUID=1000
- PGID=1000
- TZ=Etc/UTC
- SUBFOLDER=/ #optional
- TITLE=Webtop #optional
volumes:
- /container/compose/docker-linux/data:/config
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock #optional
ports:
- 4000:3000
- 4001:3001
devices:
- /dev/dri:/dev/dri #optional
shm_size: "1gb" #optional
restart: unless-stopped
编辑后输入wq进行保存
5.为了便捷启动,也可以使用docker-cli启动
docker run -d \
--name=webtop \
--security-opt seccomp=unconfined `#optional` \
-e PUID=1000 \
-e PGID=1000 \
-e TZ=Etc/UTC \
-e SUBFOLDER=/ `#optional` \
-e TITLE=Webtop `#optional` \
-p 4000:3000 \
-p 4001:3001 \
-v /container/compose/docker-linux/data:/config \
-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock `#optional` \
--device /dev/dri:/dev/dri `#optional` \
--shm-size="1gb" `#optional` \
--restart unless-stopped \
lscr.io/linuxserver/webtop:latest
6.启动docker-compose
docker compose up -d
7.启动容器后,查看容器的状态是否正常
docker ps|grep webtop
root@WellDone:/container/compose/docker-linux# docker ps|grep webtop
4ec0f06463f8 lscr.io/linuxserver/webtop:latest "/init" 4 hours ago Up 4 hours 0.0.0.0:4000->3000/tcp, :::4000->3000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4001->3001/tcp, :::4001->3001/tcp webtop
8.启动容器后,查看容器的日志是否正常
docker logs -f webtop
root@WellDone:/container/compose/docker-linux# docker logs -f webtop
[migrations] started
[migrations] no migrations found
───────────────────────────────────────
██╗ ███████╗██╗ ██████╗
██║ ██╔════╝██║██╔═══██╗
██║ ███████╗██║██║ ██║
██║ ╚════██║██║██║ ██║
███████╗███████║██║╚██████╔╝
╚══════╝╚══════╝╚═╝ ╚═════╝
Brought to you by linuxserver.io
───────────────────────────────────────
To support LSIO projects visit:
https://www.linuxserver.io/donate/
───────────────────────────────────────
GID/UID
───────────────────────────────────────
User UID: 1000
User GID: 1000
───────────────────────────────────────
**** creating video group videoyirw with id 110 ****
**** adding /dev/dri/renderD128 to video group videoyirw with id 110 ****
**** creating video group videopskx with id 44 ****
**** adding /dev/dri/card0 to video group videopskx with id 44 ****
[custom-init] No custom files found, skipping...
_XSERVTransmkdir: ERROR: euid != 0,directory /tmp/.X11-unix will not be created.
Xvnc KasmVNC 1.2.0 - built May 4 2024 18:54:50
Copyright (C) 1999-2018 KasmVNC Team and many others (see README.me)
See http://kasmweb.com for information on KasmVNC.
Underlying X server release 12014000, The X.Org Foundation
MESA-LOADER: failed to open vgem: Error loading shared library /usr/lib/xorg/modules/dri/vgem_dri.so: No such file or directory (search paths /usr/lib/xorg/modules/dri, suffix _dri)
[ls.io-init] done.
The XKEYBOARD keymap compiler (xkbcomp) reports:
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86CameraAccessEnable
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86CameraAccessDisable
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86CameraAccessToggle
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86NextElement
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86PreviousElement
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86AutopilotEngageToggle
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86MarkWaypoint
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86Sos
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86NavChart
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86FishingChart
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86SingleRangeRadar
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86DualRangeRadar
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86RadarOverlay
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86TraditionalSonar
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86ClearvuSonar
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86SidevuSonar
> Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86NavInfo
Errors from xkbcomp are not fatal to the X server
2024-05-16 08:14:18,058 [INFO] websocket 0: got client connection from 127.0.0.1
2024-05-16 08:14:18,066 [PRIO] Connections: accepted: @172.20.0.1_1715847258.58490::websocket
五、项目体验
注:云服务器记得放开防火墙!
访问地址https://43.138.153.157:4000/,欢迎点击玩一下!
ps:内网穿透搭建好了,minipc可以撑一段时间,这些测试的服务应该会保留一段时间...如果有需要体验的但是服务已经被我down了的,可以在微信公众号《零氪的云原生》私我开启!