引入

查询每个部门的平均工资

如果用:



SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees;



则查询的是所有部门的平均工资。下图表示了所有部门的平均工资和每个部门的平均工资:




mysql查询每个人的总和_分组函数


分组查询语法


select 分组函数,列(要求出现在group by的后面)
from 表
【where 筛选条件】
group by 分组的列表
【order by 子句】


注意:查询列表必须特殊,要求是分组函数和group by后出现的字段

特点:


mysql查询每个人的总和_分组函数_02


2.group by子句支持单个字段分组,多个字段分组(多个字段之间用逗号隔开没有顺序要求),表达式或函数(用的较少)

3.也可以添加排序(排序放在整个分组查询的最后)

6.1 简单的分组查询

案例1:查询每个工种的最高工资


SELECT 
  MAX(salary),
  job_id 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY job_id ;


结果:


mysql查询每个人的总和_分组查询_03


案例2:查询每个位置上的部门个数


SELECT 
  COUNT(*),
  location_id 
FROM
  departments 
GROUP BY location_id ;


结果:


mysql查询每个人的总和_mysql查询每个人的总和_04


6.2 添加筛选条件

案例1:查询邮箱中包含a字符的,每个部门的平均工资


SELECT 
  AVG(salary),
  department_id 
FROM
  employees 
WHERE email LIKE "%a%" 
GROUP BY department_id ;


案例2:查询有奖金的每个领导手下员工的最高工资


SELECT 
  MAX(salary),
  manager_id 
FROM
  employees 
WHERE commission_pct IS NOT NULL 
GROUP BY manager_id ;


结果:


mysql查询每个人的总和_分组查询_05


6.3 添加复杂的筛选条件

案例1:查询哪个部门的员工个数大于2

第一步:查询每个部门的员工数


SELECT 
  COUNT(*),
  department_id 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY department_id ;


结果:


mysql查询每个人的总和_查询添加条件_06


第二步:根据第一步的结果进行筛选,查询哪个部门的员工个数大于2


SELECT 
  COUNT(*),
  department_id 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY department_id 
HAVING COUNT(*) > 2 ;


结果:


mysql查询每个人的总和_字段_07


案例2:查询每个工种有奖金的员工的最高工资大于12000的工种编号和最高工资

第一步:查询每个工种有奖金的员工的最高工资


SELECT 
  MAX(salary),
  job_id 
FROM
  employees 
WHERE commission_pct IS NOT NULL 
GROUP BY job_id


第二步:根据第一步结果继续筛选,最高工资大于12000


SELECT 
  MAX(salary),
  job_id 
FROM
  employees 
WHERE commission_pct IS NOT NULL 
GROUP BY job_id 
HAVING MAX(salary) > 12000;


案例3:查询领导编号大于102的每个领导手下的最低工资大于5000的领导编号是哪个,以及其最低工资


SELECT 
  MIN(salary),
  manager_id 
FROM
  employees 
WHERE manager_id > 102 
GROUP BY manager_id 
HAVING MIN(salary) > 5000 ;


6.4 按表达式或函数分组

案例:按员工姓名的长度分组,查询每一组的员工个数,筛选员工个数大于5的有哪些


SELECT 
  COUNT(*),
  LENGTH(last_name) AS "len_name" 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY LENGTH(last_name) 
HAVING COUNT(*) > 5 ;


6.5 按多个字段分组

案例:查询每个部门每个工种的员工的平均工资


SELECT 
  AVG(salary),
  department_id,
  job_id 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY department_id,
  job_id ;


6.6添加排序

案例:查询每个部门每个工种的员工的平均工资,并且按平均工资的高低显示


SELECT 
  AVG(salary),
  department_id,
  job_id 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY department_id,
  job_id 
ORDER BY AVG(salary) DESC;


小测试

1.查询个job_id的员工工资的最大值、最小值、平均值、总和,并按按job_id升序


SELECT 
  MAX(salary),
  MIN(salary),
  AVG(salary),
  SUM(salary) 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY job_id 
ORDER BY job_id ;


2.查询员工最高工资和最低工资的差距(DIFFERENCE)


SELECT 
  MAX(salary) - MIN(salary) AS "DIFFERENCE" 
FROM
  employees ;


3.查询各个管理者手下员工的最低工资,其中最低工资不低于6000,没有管理者的员工不计算在内


SELECT 
  MIN(salary),
  manager_id 
FROM
  employees 
WHERE manager_id IS NOT NULL 
GROUP BY manager_id 
HAVING MIN(salary) >= 6000 ;


4.查询所有部门的编号,员工数量和工资平均值,并按平均工资降序


SELECT 
  department_id,
  COUNT(*),
  AVG(salary) AS "a" 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY department_id 
ORDER BY a DESC ;


5.选择具有各个job_id的员工人数


SELECT 
  COUNT(*) AS "个数",
  job_id 
FROM
  employees 
GROUP BY job_id ;