jQuery url中特殊字符转义 url特殊字符转码

转载

mob64ca140f67e3 2023-10-19 12:31:42

文章标签 jQuery url中特殊字符转义 json apache post请求 文章分类 jQuery 前端开发

什么是URL转码

不管是以何种方式传递url时，如果要传递的url中包含特殊字符，如想要传递一个+，但是这个+会被url会被编码成空格，想要传递&，被url处理成分隔符。

尤其是当传递的url是经过Base64加密或者RSA加密后的，存在特殊字符时，这里的特殊字符一旦被url处理，就不是原先你加密的结果了。

url特殊符号及对应的编码:

符号	url中的含义	编码
+	URL 中+号表示空格	%2B
空格	URL中的空格可以用+号或者编码	%20
/	分隔目录和子目录	%2F
?	分隔实际的URL和参数	%3F
%	指定特殊字符	%25
#	表示书签	%23
&	URL中指定的参数间的分隔符	%26
=	URL中指定参数的值	%3D

package com.learn.utils;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

/**
 * HttpClient4.3工具类
 */
public class HttpClientUtils {
	private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtils.class); // 日志记录

	private static RequestConfig requestConfig = null;

	static {
		// 设置请求和传输超时时间
		requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(2000).setConnectTimeout(2000).build();
	}

	/**
	 * post请求传输json参数
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 *            url地址
	 * @param json
	 *            参数
	 * @return
	 */
	public static JSONObject httpPost(String url, JSONObject jsonParam) {

		// post请求返回结果
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		JSONObject jsonResult = null;
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
		// 设置请求和传输超时时间
		httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
		try {
			if (null != jsonParam) {
				// 解决中文乱码问题
				StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonParam.toString(), "utf-8");
				entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
				entity.setContentType("application/json");
				httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			}
			CloseableHttpResponse result = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			// 请求发送成功，并得到响应
			if (result.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				String str = "";
				try {
					// 读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据
					str = EntityUtils.toString(result.getEntity(), "utf-8");
					// 把json字符串转换成json对象
					jsonResult = JSONObject.parseObject(str);
				} catch (Exception e) {
					logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
				}
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
		} finally {
			httpPost.releaseConnection();
		}
		return jsonResult;
	}

	/**
	 * post请求传输String参数 例如：name=Jack&sex=1&type=2
	 * Content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 *            url地址
	 * @param strParam
	 *            参数
	 * @return
	 */
	public static JSONObject httpPost(String url, String strParam) {
		// post请求返回结果
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		JSONObject jsonResult = null;
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
		httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
		try {
			if (null != strParam) {
				// 解决中文乱码问题
				StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(strParam, "utf-8");
				entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
				entity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
				httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			}
			CloseableHttpResponse result = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			// 请求发送成功，并得到响应
			if (result.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				String str = "";
				try {
					// 读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据
					str = EntityUtils.toString(result.getEntity(), "utf-8");
					// 把json字符串转换成json对象
					jsonResult = JSONObject.parseObject(str);
				} catch (Exception e) {
					logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
				}
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
		} finally {
			httpPost.releaseConnection();
		}
		return jsonResult;
	}

	/**
	 * 发送get请求
	 * 
	 * @param url
	 *            路径
	 * @return
	 */
	public static JSONObject httpGet(String url) {
		HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost("localhost", 8888);
		RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setProxy(proxy).setConnectTimeout(10000).setSocketTimeout(15000)
				.build();
		CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build();

		// get请求返回结果
		JSONObject jsonResult = null;
		// 发送get请求
		HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
		request.setConfig(requestConfig);
		try {
			CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

			// 请求发送成功，并得到响应
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				// 读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
				String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
				// 把json字符串转换成json对象
				jsonResult = JSONObject.parseObject(strResult);
			} else {
				logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url);
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url, e);
		} finally {
			request.releaseConnection();
		}
		return jsonResult;
	}

}

package learn_b;

import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.learn.utils.HttpClientUtils;

public class Test001 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// Java 提供Http协议 特殊字符转码类
		String encode = URLEncoder.encode("1+1");
		System.out.println("encode:" + encode);
		System.out.println("decode:" + URLDecoder.decode(encode));
		String userNameUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/indexPage?userName=" + URLEncoder.encode("1+1");
		JSONObject result = HttpClientUtils.httpGet(userNameUrl);
		System.out.println("result:" + result);
		// 注意事项 不要整个URL进行编码，只是针对于参数编码
	}

}

package com.learn.api.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.learn.base.BaseApiService;
import com.learn.base.ResponseBase;

// http协议特殊字符处理
@RestController
public class IndexController extends BaseApiService {

	// 1. 什么是特殊字符处理（rpc远程通讯 实现加密 + ?） 正好和http特殊相同，导致会转成空格
	// 2. 注意事项
	@RequestMapping("/indexPage")
	public ResponseBase indexPage(String userName) {
		System.out.println("userName:" + userName);
		return setResultSuccessData(userName);
	}

}

本文章为转载内容，我们尊重原作者对文章享有的著作权。如有内容错误或侵权问题，欢迎原作者联系我们进行内容更正或删除文章。