flink cdc mysql 并行度 flink mysqlsink

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mob64ca140f29e5 2023-11-14 03:26:42

文章标签 flink cdc mysql 并行度数据库大数据 java flink 文章分类 MySQL 数据库

1. 写在前面

Flink被誉为第四代大数据计算引擎组件，即可以用作基于离线分布式计算，也可以应用于实时计算。Flink的核心是转化为流进行计算。Flink三个核心：Source,Transformation,Sink。其中Source即为Flink计算的数据源，Transformation即为进行分布式流式计算的算子，也是计算的核心，Sink即为计算后的数据输出端。Flink Source原生支持包括Kafka,ES,RabbitMQ等一些通用的消息队列组件或基于文本的高性能非关系型数据库。而Flink Sink写原生也只支持类似Redis，Kafka,ES,RabbitMQ等一些通用的消息队列组件或基于文本的高性能非关系型数据库。而对于写入关系型数据库或Flink不支持的组件中，需要借助RichSourceFunction去实现，但这部分性能是比原生的差些，虽然Flink不建议这么做，但在大数据处理过程中，由于业务或技术架构的复杂性，有些特定的场景还是需要这样做，本篇博客就是介绍如何通过Flink RichSourceFunction来写关系型数据库，这里以写mysql为例。

2. 引入依赖的jar包

flink基础包

flink-jdbc包

mysql-jdbc包

flink cdc mysql 并行度 flink mysqlsink_java

3. 继承RichSourceFunction包将jdbc封装读mysql

package com.run;

import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;

import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple10;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.RichSourceFunction;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement;

public class Flink2JdbcReader extends
        RichSourceFunction<Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>> {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 3334654984018091675L;

    private Connection connect = null;
    private PreparedStatement ps = null;

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.AbstractRichFunction#open(org.
     * apache.flink.configuration.Configuration) to use open database connect
     */
    @Override
    public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
        super.open(parameters);
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        connect = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://192.168.21.11:3306", "root", "flink");
        ps = (PreparedStatement) connect
                .prepareStatement("select col1,col2,col3,col4,col5,col6,col7,col8,col9,col10 from flink.test_tb");
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.SourceFunction#run(org.
     * apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.SourceFunction.SourceContext)
     * to use excuted sql and return result
     */
    @Override
    public void run(
            SourceContext<Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>> collect)
            throws Exception {
        ResultSet resultSet = ps.executeQuery();
        while (resultSet.next()) {
            Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String> tuple = new Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>();
            tuple.setFields(resultSet.getString(1), resultSet.getString(2), resultSet.getString(3),
                    resultSet.getString(4), resultSet.getString(5), resultSet.getString(6), resultSet.getString(7),
                    resultSet.getString(8), resultSet.getString(9), resultSet.getString(10));
            collect.collect(tuple);
        }

    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.SourceFunction#cancel()
     * colse database connect
     */
    @Override
    public void cancel() {
        try {
            super.close();
            if (connect != null) {
                connect.close();
            }
            if (ps != null) {
                ps.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

package com.run;

import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;

import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple10;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.RichSourceFunction;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement;

public class Flink2JdbcReader extends
        RichSourceFunction<Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>> {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 3334654984018091675L;

    private Connection connect = null;
    private PreparedStatement ps = null;

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.AbstractRichFunction#open(org.
     * apache.flink.configuration.Configuration) to use open database connect
     */
    @Override
    public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
        super.open(parameters);
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        connect = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://192.168.21.11:3306", "root", "flink");
        ps = (PreparedStatement) connect
                .prepareStatement("select col1,col2,col3,col4,col5,col6,col7,col8,col9,col10 from flink.test_tb");
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.SourceFunction#run(org.
     * apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.SourceFunction.SourceContext)
     * to use excuted sql and return result
     */
    @Override
    public void run(
            SourceContext<Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>> collect)
            throws Exception {
        ResultSet resultSet = ps.executeQuery();
        while (resultSet.next()) {
            Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String> tuple = new Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>();
            tuple.setFields(resultSet.getString(1), resultSet.getString(2), resultSet.getString(3),
                    resultSet.getString(4), resultSet.getString(5), resultSet.getString(6), resultSet.getString(7),
                    resultSet.getString(8), resultSet.getString(9), resultSet.getString(10));
            collect.collect(tuple);
        }

    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.SourceFunction#cancel()
     * colse database connect
     */
    @Override
    public void cancel() {
        try {
            super.close();
            if (connect != null) {
                connect.close();
            }
            if (ps != null) {
                ps.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

4. 继承RichSourceFunction包将jdbc封装写mysql

package com.run;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple10;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.RichSinkFunction;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement;

public class Flink2JdbcWriter extends
        RichSinkFunction<Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>> {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -8930276689109741501L;

    private Connection connect = null;
    private PreparedStatement ps = null;

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.AbstractRichFunction#open(org.
     * apache.flink.configuration.Configuration) get database connect
     */
    @Override
    public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
        super.open(parameters);
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        connect = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://192.168.21.11:3306", "root", "flink");
        ps = (PreparedStatement) connect.prepareStatement("insert into flink.test_tb1 values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)");
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.SinkFunction#invoke(java.
     * lang.Object,
     * org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.SinkFunction.Context) read
     * data from flink DataSet to database
     */
    @Override
    public void invoke(Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String> value,
            Context context) throws Exception {
        ps.setString(1, value.f0);
        ps.setString(2, value.f1);
        ps.setString(3, value.f2);
        ps.setString(4, value.f3);
        ps.setString(5, value.f4);
        ps.setString(6, value.f5);
        ps.setString(7, value.f6);
        ps.setString(8, value.f7);
        ps.setString(9, value.f8);
        ps.setString(10, value.f9);
        ps.executeUpdate();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.AbstractRichFunction#close()
     * close database connect
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws Exception {
        try {
            super.close();
            if (connect != null) {
                connect.close();
            }
            if (ps != null) {
                ps.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
package com.run;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple10;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.RichSinkFunction;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement;

public class Flink2JdbcWriter extends
        RichSinkFunction<Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>> {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -8930276689109741501L;

    private Connection connect = null;
    private PreparedStatement ps = null;

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.AbstractRichFunction#open(org.
     * apache.flink.configuration.Configuration) get database connect
     */
    @Override
    public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
        super.open(parameters);
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        connect = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://192.168.21.11:3306", "root", "flink");
        ps = (PreparedStatement) connect.prepareStatement("insert into flink.test_tb1 values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)");
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.SinkFunction#invoke(java.
     * lang.Object,
     * org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.SinkFunction.Context) read
     * data from flink DataSet to database
     */
    @Override
    public void invoke(Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String> value,
            Context context) throws Exception {
        ps.setString(1, value.f0);
        ps.setString(2, value.f1);
        ps.setString(3, value.f2);
        ps.setString(4, value.f3);
        ps.setString(5, value.f4);
        ps.setString(6, value.f5);
        ps.setString(7, value.f6);
        ps.setString(8, value.f7);
        ps.setString(9, value.f8);
        ps.setString(10, value.f9);
        ps.executeUpdate();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.AbstractRichFunction#close()
     * close database connect
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws Exception {
        try {
            super.close();
            if (connect != null) {
                connect.close();
            }
            if (ps != null) {
                ps.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

4. 代码解释

对于Flink2JdbcReader的读
里面有三个方法open，run，cancel，其中open方法是建立与关系型数据库的链接，这里其实就是普通的jdbc链接及mysql的地址，端口，库等信息。run方法是读取mysql数据转化为Flink独有的Tuple集合类型，可以根据代码看出其中的规律和Tuple8，Tuple9，Tuple10代表什么含义。cancel就很简单了关闭数据库连接

对于Flink2JdbcWriter的写
里面有三个方法open，invoke，close，其中open方法是建立与关系型数据库的链接，这里其实就是普通的jdbc链接及mysql的地址，端口，库等信息。invoke方法是将flink的数据类型插入到mysql，这里的写法与在web程序中写jdbc插入数据不太一样，因为flink独有的Tuple，可以根据代码看出其中的规律和Tuple8，Tuple9，Tuple10代表什么含义。close关闭数据库连接

5. 测试:读mysql数据并继续写入mysql

package com.run;

import java.util.Date;

import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple10;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;

public class FlinkReadDbWriterDb {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {。
        final StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        DataStream<Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>> dataStream = env
                .addSource(new Flink2JdbcReader());
        
        // tranfomat
        
        dataStream.addSink(new Flink2JdbcWriter());
        env.execute("Flink cost DB data to write Database");
        
    }
}

package com.run;

import java.util.Date;

import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple10;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;

public class FlinkReadDbWriterDb {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {。
        final StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        DataStream<Tuple10<String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String, String>> dataStream = env
                .addSource(new Flink2JdbcReader());
        
        // tranfomat
        
        dataStream.addSink(new Flink2JdbcWriter());
        env.execute("Flink cost DB data to write Database");
        
    }
}

6. 总结

从测试代码中可以很清晰的看出Flink的逻辑:Source->Transformation->Sink,可以在addSource到addSink之间加入我们的业务逻辑算子。同时这里必须注意env.execute("Flink cost DB data to write Database");这个必须有而且必须要放到结尾，否则整个代码是不会执行的，至于为什么在后续的博客会讲

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