FastAPI 集成mongodb mongodb有哪三种集群部署模式

MongoDB集群部署

一、部署环境

1、MongoDB机器信息

192.168.47.188	192.168.47.189	192.168.47.190
mongos	mongos	mongos
config server	config server	config server
shard server1 主节点	shard server1 副节点	shard server1 仲裁
shard server2 仲裁	shard server2 主节点	shard server2 副节点
shard server3 副节点	shard server3 仲裁	shard server3 主节点

系统：centos7.6

DB版本：mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.2.1.tgz

下载地址：https://www.mongodb.com

二、安装MongoDB

2.1、安装MongoDB（三台主机均操作）

[root@t1 ~]# tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.2.1.tgz  -C /app/
[root@t1 ~]# cd /app && mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.2.1/ mongodb && cd mongodb
#分别在每台机器建立conf、mongos、config、shard1、shard2、shard3六个目录，因为mongos不存储数据，只需要建立日志文件目录即可。
[root@t1 mongodb]# mkdir conf \
mkdir -p config/{data,log} \
mkdir -p shard1/{data,log} \
mkdir -p shard2/{data,log} \
mkdir -p shard3/{data,log} \


配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
# MongoDB 环境变量内容
export MONGODB_HOME=/app/mongodb
export PATH=$MONGODB_HOME/bin:$PATH


####
source /etc/profile

2.2、配置config server服务器

[root@t1 mongodb]# vim conf/config.conf
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/config/log/configsrv.pid
dbpath = /app/mongodb/config/data
logpath = /app/mongodb/config/log/congigsrv.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 21000
fork = true
#declare this is a config db of a cluster;
configsvr = true
#副本集名称
replSet = configs
#设置最大连接数
maxConns = 20000

#启动三台服务器的config server（三台）
[root@t2 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/config.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 3154
child process started successfully, parent exiting

#登录任意一台配置服务器，初始化配置副本集
#连接 MongoDB
[root@t2 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 21000

#config 变量
config = {
    _id : "configs",
    members : [
    {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:21000" },
    {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:21000" },
    {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:21000" }
    ]
}

#初始化副本集
rs.initiate(config)

其中，"_id" : "configs"应与配置文件中配置的 replicaction.replSetName 一致，"members" 中的 "host" 为三个节点的 ip 和 port
响应内容如下

> config = {
...     _id : "configs",
...     members : [
...     {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:21000" },
...     {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:21000" },
...     {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:21000" }
...     ]
... }
{
        "_id" : "configs",
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.188:21000"
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 1,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.189:21000"
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.190:21000"
                }
        ]
}
> rs.initiate(config)
{
        "ok" : 1,####注意看状态
        "$gleStats" : {
                "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1596357707, 1),
                "electionId" : ObjectId("000000000000000000000000")
        },
        "lastCommittedOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596357707, 1),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
                }
        },
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596357707, 1)
}
configs:SECONDARY>

此时会发现终端上的输出已经有了变化。

//从单个一个
>
//变成了
configs:SECONDARY>

查询状态

configs:PRIMARY> rs.status()

3. 配置分片副本集

3.1 设置第一个分片副本集

设置第一个分片副本集(三台机器均操作)
配置文件

[root@t1 ~]# vim /app/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
#配置文件内容
#——————————————–
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/shard1/log/shard1.pid
dbpath = /app/mongodb/shard1/data
logpath = /app/mongodb/shard1/log/shard1.log
logappend = true

bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27001
fork = true
 
#副本集名称
replSet = shard1
 
#declare this is a shard db of a cluster;
shardsvr = true
 
#设置最大连接数
maxConns = 20000

启动三台服务器的shard1 server

[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 13708
child process started successfully, parent exiting

登陆任意一台服务器，初始化副本集(除了192.168.47.190）
连接 MongoDB

[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf

#连接数据库
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27001
#使用admin数据库
use admin

#定义副本集配置
config = {
    _id : "shard1",
     members : [
         {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27001" },
         {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27001" },
         {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27001" , arbiterOnly: true }
     ]
 }
 
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)

响应内容如下

> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {
...     _id : "shard1",
...      members : [
...          {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27001" },
...          {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27001" },
...          {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27001" , arbiterOnly: true }
...      ]
...  }
{
        "_id" : "shard1",
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.188:27001"
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 1,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.189:27001"
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.190:27001",
                        "arbiterOnly" : true
                }
        ]
}
> rs.initiate(config)

此时会发现终端上的输出已经有了变化。

//从单个一个
>
//变成了
shard1:SECONDARY>

//查询状态
shard1:SECONDARY> rs.status()

3.2 设置第二个分片副本集

设置第二个分片副本集（三台）
配置文件

[root@t1 ~]# vim /app/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf

#配置文件内容
#——————————————–
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/shard2/log/shard2.pid
dbpath = /app/mongodb/shard2/data
logpath = /app/mongodb/shard2/log/shard2.log
logappend = true

bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27002
fork = true
 
#副本集名称
replSet=shard2
 
#declare this is a shard db of a cluster;
shardsvr = true
 
#设置最大连接数
maxConns=20000

#启动三台服务器的shard2 server
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 14533
child process started successfully, parent exiting

登陆任意一台服务器，初始化副本集(除了192.168.47.188）
连接 MongoDB
#连接 MongoDB
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27002

#使用admin数据库
use admin

#定义副本集配置
config = {
    _id : "shard2",
     members : [
         {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27002"  , arbiterOnly: true },
         {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27002" },
         {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27002" }
     ]
 }
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)

3.3设置第三个分片副本集

设置第三个分片副本集（三台）
配置文件

[root@t1 ~]# vim /app/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf

#配置文件内容
#——————————————–
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/shard3/log/shard3.pid
dbpath = /app/mongodb/shard3/data
logpath = /app/mongodb/shard3/log/shard3.log
logappend = true
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 27003
fork = true
replSet=shard3
shardsvr = true
maxConns=20000

#启动三台服务器的shard3 server
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 15799
child process started successfully, parent exiting

登陆任意一台服务器，初始化副本集(除了192.168.47.189）
连接 MongoDB
#连接 MongoDB
[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27003

#使用admin数据库
use admin

#定义副本集配置
config = {
    _id : "shard3",
     members : [
         {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27003" },
         {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27003" , arbiterOnly: true},
         {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27003" }
     ]
 }
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)

响应内容如下

> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {
...     _id : "shard3",
...      members : [
...          {_id : 0, host : "192.168.47.188:27003" },
...          {_id : 1, host : "192.168.47.189:27003" , arbiterOnly: true},
...          {_id : 2, host : "192.168.47.190:27003" }
...      ]
...  }
{
        "_id" : "shard3",
        "members" : [
                {
                        "_id" : 0,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.188:27003"
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 1,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.189:27003",
                        "arbiterOnly" : true
                },
                {
                        "_id" : 2,
                        "host" : "192.168.47.190:27003"
                }
        ]
}
> rs.initiate(config)
{
        "ok" : 1,
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596360929, 1),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
                }
        },
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596360929, 1)
}
shard3:OTHER>

3.4 配置路由服务器 mongos

先启动配置服务器和分片服务器,后启动路由实例启动路由实例:（三台机器）

vim /app/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf

#内容
pidfilepath = /app/mongodb/mongos/log/mongos.pid
logpath = /app/mongodb/mongos/log/mongos.log
logappend = true

bind_ip = 0.0.0.0
port = 20000
fork = true

#监听的配置服务器,只能有1个或者3个 configs为配置服务器的副本集名字
configdb = configs/192.168.47.188:21000,192.168.47.189:21000,192.168.47.190:21000
 
#设置最大连接数
maxConns = 20000

启动三台服务器的mongos server

[root@t3 ~]# mkdir -p /app/mongodb/mongos/log
[root@t3 logs]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongos -f /app/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 9226
child process started successfully, parent exiting

4. 串联路由服务器

目前搭建了mongodb配置服务器、路由服务器，各个分片服务器，不过应用程序连接到mongos路由服务器并不能使用分片机制，还需要在程序里设置分片配置，让分片生效。

登陆任意一台mongos

[root@t1 conf]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 20000

#使用admin数据库
use  admin

#串联路由服务器与分配副本集
sh.addShard("shard1/192.168.47.188:27001,192.168.47.189:27001,192.168.47.190:27001");
sh.addShard("shard2/192.168.47.188:27002,192.168.47.189:27002,192.168.47.190:27002");
sh.addShard("shard3/192.168.47.188:27003,192.168.47.189:27003,192.168.47.190:27003");
#查看集群状态
sh.status()

响应内容如下

mongos> use  admin
switched to db admin
mongos> sh.addShard("shard1/192.168.47.188:27001,192.168.47.189:27001,192.168.47.190:27001");
{
        "shardAdded" : "shard1",
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596361773, 6),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596361773, 6),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
                }
        }
}
mongos> sh.addShard("shard2/192.168.47.188:27002,192.168.47.189:27002,192.168.47.190:27002");
{
        "shardAdded" : "shard2",
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596361780, 4),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596361780, 4),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
                }
        }
}
mongos> sh.addShard("shard3/192.168.47.188:27003,192.168.47.189:27003,192.168.47.190:27003");
{
        "shardAdded" : "shard3",
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596361785, 2),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596361785, 2),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
                }
        }
}

mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status --- 
  sharding version: {
        "_id" : 1,
        "minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
        "currentVersion" : 6,
        "clusterId" : ObjectId("5f267c56fa6ddb9a93f6d800")
  }
  shards:
        {  "_id" : "shard1",  "host" : "shard1/192.168.47.188:27001,192.168.47.189:27001",  "state" : 1 }
        {  "_id" : "shard2",  "host" : "shard2/192.168.47.189:27002,192.168.47.190:27002",  "state" : 1 }
        {  "_id" : "shard3",  "host" : "shard3/192.168.47.188:27003,192.168.47.190:27003",  "state" : 1 }
  active mongoses:
        "4.2.1" : 3
  autosplit:
        Currently enabled: yes
  balancer:
        Currently enabled:  yes
        Currently running:  no
        Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts:  0
        Migration Results for the last 24 hours: 
                No recent migrations
  databases:
        {  "_id" : "config",  "primary" : "config",  "partitioned" : true }
                config.system.sessions
                        shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
                        unique: false
                        balancing: true
                        chunks:
                                shard1  1
                        { "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)

5. 启用集合分片生效

目前配置服务、路由服务、分片服务、副本集服务都已经串联起来了，但我们的目的是希望插入数据，数据能够自动分片。连接在mongos上，准备让指定的数据库、指定的集合分片生效。

登陆任意一台mongos

[root@t1 ~]# /app/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 20000

#使用admin数据库
use  admin

指定testdb分片生效

mongos> db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"testdb"});
或
mongos> sh.enablesharding("testdb")

mongos> db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"testdb"});
{
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596362245, 4),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596362245, 4),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
                }
        }
}

指定数据库里需要分片的集合和片键，哈希name分片

db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "testdb.table1",key : {"name": "hashed"} } );
或
mongos> sh.shardcollection("testdb.table1", {"name": "hashed"})

mongos> db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "testdb.table1",key : {"name": "hashed"} } );
{
        "collectionsharded" : "testdb.table1",
        "collectionUUID" : UUID("15567b49-f3c4-4ebb-a08f-62afe78da4e6"),
        "ok" : 1,
        "operationTime" : Timestamp(1596362380, 39),
        "$clusterTime" : {
                "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1596362380, 39),
                "signature" : {
                        "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
                        "keyId" : NumberLong(0)
                }
        }
}

六、测试

# 任意一节点操作
mongo --port 20000
use admin
db.runCommand( { enablesharding  : "testdb1"});
db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "testdb1.tab1",key : {id: 1} } )
exit
# 创建一个testdb1库，指定该库分片
# 分配testdb1库的需要分片的集合和键
# 任意一节点操作
mongo 127.0.0.1:20000
use testdb1;
for(var i=1;i<=100;i++) db.tab1.save({id:i,"test1":"testval1"});
exit
# 任意一节点操作
mongo 127.0.0.1:20000
use testdb1;
db.tab1.stats();
exit
# 使用testdb1库
# 循环插入数据到testdb1库的tab1集合中的键id中
# 该库对应的该集合对应的该键被设置成了分片

七、启动

启动

mongodb的启动顺序是，先启动配置服务器，在启动分片，最后启动mongos.

mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/config.conf
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
mongod -f /app/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf

关闭时，直接killall杀掉所有进程

killall mongod
killall mongos

参考：https://www.jianshu.com/p/e7e70ca7c7e5