Java实现UDP之Echo客户端和服务端
代码内容
- 采用UDP协议编写服务器端代码(端口任意)
- 编写客户机的代码访问该端口
- 客户机按行输入
- 服务器将收到的字符流和接收到的时间输出在服务器console
- 原样返回给客户机在客户机console显示出来
代码实现
/* UDPEchoClient.java */
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class UDPEchoClient {
public final static String serverIP = "localhost";
public final static int serverPort = 13;
public static String userName = null;
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
public static void main(String[] args) {
DatagramSocket client = null;
try {
/* 获取服务器地址 */
InetAddress server = InetAddress.getByName(serverIP);
/* 创建客户端DatagramSocket */
client = new DatagramSocket();
/* 从用户键盘读取输入 */
BufferedReader sin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
/* 登陆 */
System.out.print("Please Login: ");
userName = sin.readLine();
/* 获取用户输入的一行,exit则退出 */
String line;
System.out.print("> ");
line = sin.readLine();
while (!line.equals("exit")) {
line = "[" + userName + "]: " + line;
/* 从用户输入转化为byte */
byte[] data = line.getBytes("utf-8");
/* 将byte内容转化为UDP数据包 */
DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, server, serverPort);
/* UPD发送数据包 */
client.send(sendPacket);
/* 定义接收byte空间 */
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
/* 将UDP数据包内容保存在byte中 */
DatagramPacket receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
/* UDP接收数据包 */
client.receive(receivePacket);
/* 输出服务器返回的内容 */
System.out.println(new String(receivePacket.getData(), receivePacket.getOffset(),
receivePacket.getLength(), "utf-8"));
/* 读取用户下一行输入 */
System.out.print("> ");
line = sin.readLine();
}
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
/* 安全关闭Socket */
try {
if (client != null) {
client.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/* UDPEchoClient.java */
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class UDPEchoClient {
public final static String serverIP = "localhost";
public final static int serverPort = 13;
public static String userName = null;
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
public static void main(String[] args) {
DatagramSocket client = null;
try {
/* 获取服务器地址 */
InetAddress server = InetAddress.getByName(serverIP);
/* 创建客户端DatagramSocket */
client = new DatagramSocket();
/* 从用户键盘读取输入 */
BufferedReader sin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
/* 登陆 */
System.out.print("Please Login: ");
userName = sin.readLine();
/* 获取用户输入的一行,exit则退出 */
String line;
System.out.print("> ");
line = sin.readLine();
while (!line.equals("exit")) {
line = "[" + userName + "]: " + line;
/* 从用户输入转化为byte */
byte[] data = line.getBytes("utf-8");
/* 将byte内容转化为UDP数据包 */
DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, server, serverPort);
/* UPD发送数据包 */
client.send(sendPacket);
/* 定义接收byte空间 */
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
/* 将UDP数据包内容保存在byte中 */
DatagramPacket receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
/* UDP接收数据包 */
client.receive(receivePacket);
/* 输出服务器返回的内容 */
System.out.println(new String(receivePacket.getData(), receivePacket.getOffset(),
receivePacket.getLength(), "utf-8"));
/* 读取用户下一行输入 */
System.out.print("> ");
line = sin.readLine();
}
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
/* 安全关闭Socket */
try {
if (client != null) {
client.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/* UDPEchoServer.java */
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Date;
public class UDPEchoServer {
public final static int serverPort = 13;
@SuppressWarnings({ "resource", "static-access", "unused" })
public static void main(String[] args) {
DatagramSocket server = null;
try {
/* 创建服务端DatagramSocket */
server = new DatagramSocket(serverPort);
System.out.println("Server start running...");
while (true) {
/* 定义接收byte空间 */
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
/* 将UDP数据包内容保存在byte中 */
DatagramPacket receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
/* UDP接收数据包 */
server.receive(receivePacket);
/* 获取当前系统时间 */
Date currentTime = new Date();
/* 处理客户端的输入 */
String echo = new String(receivePacket.getData(), receivePacket.getOffset(),
receivePacket.getLength(), "utf-8");
echo = currentTime.toString().split(" ")[3] + " " + echo;
/* 打印系统日志记录用户输入 */
System.out.println(echo);
/* 从客户端输入转化为byte */
byte[] data = echo.getBytes("utf-8");
/* 将byte内容转化为UDP数据包 */
DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length,
receivePacket.getAddress(), receivePacket.getPort());
/* UPD发送数据包 */
server.send(sendPacket);
}
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
/* 安全关闭Socket */
try {
if (server != null) {
server.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/* UDPEchoServer.java */
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Date;
public class UDPEchoServer {
public final static int serverPort = 13;
@SuppressWarnings({ "resource", "static-access", "unused" })
public static void main(String[] args) {
DatagramSocket server = null;
try {
/* 创建服务端DatagramSocket */
server = new DatagramSocket(serverPort);
System.out.println("Server start running...");
while (true) {
/* 定义接收byte空间 */
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
/* 将UDP数据包内容保存在byte中 */
DatagramPacket receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
/* UDP接收数据包 */
server.receive(receivePacket);
/* 获取当前系统时间 */
Date currentTime = new Date();
/* 处理客户端的输入 */
String echo = new String(receivePacket.getData(), receivePacket.getOffset(),
receivePacket.getLength(), "utf-8");
echo = currentTime.toString().split(" ")[3] + " " + echo;
/* 打印系统日志记录用户输入 */
System.out.println(echo);
/* 从客户端输入转化为byte */
byte[] data = echo.getBytes("utf-8");
/* 将byte内容转化为UDP数据包 */
DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length,
receivePacket.getAddress(), receivePacket.getPort());
/* UPD发送数据包 */
server.send(sendPacket);
}
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
/* 安全关闭Socket */
try {
if (server != null) {
server.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/* Makefile */
target:
javac -encoding utf-8 UDPEchoClient.java
javac -encoding utf-8 UDPEchoServer.java
run-UDPEchoClient:
java UDPEchoClient
run-UDPEchoServer:
java UDPEchoServer
clean:
rm *.class
运行截图
问题解决方案
- 中文编码问题:在代码使用UTF-8编码并且编译选项添加UTF8参数的话,不需要在代码中声明为UTF8编码,使用了反而会出错,亲测。
- 面向连接的传输TCP:由于需要面向连接,因此一个服务端需要和多个客户端进行通信,这就需要在服务端使用多线程技术,一个客户端分配一个线程,分别处理不同客户端的通信。
- 面向无连接的传输UDP:由于不需要连接,也不在意可靠传输,因此当客户端发送了一个数据包之后,若一定时间内没有返回内容,可以认为传输失败,让用户接着输入下一个内容。
- 关于TCP的聊天室:在客户端中无法体现出一个聊天室的完成功能,但是服务端是体现出来了,如果需要在客户端也有这个体现,需要做线程之间的通信,想想还是太麻烦我就没做了。
- 还有一点是面向连接的程序,不应该每发送一次就连接一次再断开连接,这样子的通信效率太低,而是应该等到客户端退出后再断开连接,这点已实现。
样例代码下载
传送门:下载