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文章标签 mac安装 nginx MySQL安装失败 MySQL服务启动失败 MySQL安装问题解决 MySQL 文章分类 运维

前提：

公司培训spring boot项目和MySQL整合，我的是Mac双系统Win10系统，刚开始安装的mysql-5.7.17安装版。我安装MySQLserver端的时候一到starting server就停止，然后服务启动不起来。然后我很顽强的卸了装，装了卸（都是看百度中说的反复操作,耽误了很多时间,然而不见成效，可能针对Windows电脑或许有效果）。看别的小伙伴一安装就成功，我以为是我操作的问题，然后换了一台Windows系统的电脑一安装就成功了（安装步骤不描述了，百度上都是的）.

我发现原来是双系统搞的鬼，这个忍不了，然后另辟蹊径，找了一个免安装的MySQLserver安装，但是安装启动过程中还是出现了很多问题，最终经历了2天的奋斗最终安装成功，终于启动了，为了大家不走弯路，也便于自己记住，就写了博客记录下来。针对双系统安装Mysql服务端出现的问题的解决办法。

下面先提供以下安装包，针对Windows系统可以随便使用啦，但是对于mac本的双系统就要注意。我装的是免安装的MySQL服务端。

mysql-5.7.17安装版 mysql-5.7.17 免安装版 mysql客户端（mysql-workbench和Navicat Lite for MySQL两种版本）都在其中，需要的可自行下载

我安装的版本描述：

Mac本双系统

mysql-5.7.17-winx64 免安装版

mysql-workbench-community-6.3.9-winx64(客户端没什么疑问，下一步就好了。)

前提需要注意的！！！若你之前已经安装了安装版本或者免安装版本的mysql失败了，就需要把它卸载干净哈，注册表什么的全局搜关键字‘MySQL’，删的彻底。（可自行百度怎么把MySQL删除的彻底，在这儿不赘述了，就是大概把隐藏文件/安装目录/注册表之类的全部删完然后重启）

开始正文：

1.把压缩包解压。我的解压在C盘。（我的是 C:\soft\mysql-5.7.17-winx64）
2.在C:\soft\mysql-5.7.17-winx64下新建一个my.ini文件，并配置该文件（注意修改my.ini中的MySQL的路径）

[client]

port=3306

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8


# SERVER SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
# you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
# file.
#
[mysqld]

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3306


#Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
#这个是你MySQL安装的路劲
basedir="C:/soft/mysql-5.7.17-winx64/" 

#Path to the database root，数据库文件保存的路劲，日志也会保存在这里
datadir="C:/soft/mysql-5.7.17-winx64/Data/"

# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined
character-set-server=utf8

# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
default-storage-engine=INNODB

# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
# allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
# connection limit has been reached.
max_connections=100

# Query cache is used to cache SELECT results and later return them
# without actual executing the same query once again. Having the query
# cache enabled may result in significant speed improvements, if your
# have a lot of identical queries and rarely changing tables. See the
# "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable to check if the current value
# is high enough for your load.
# Note: In case your tables change very often or if your queries are
# textually different every time, the query cache may result in a
# slowdown instead of a performance improvement.
query_cache_size=0

# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
# section [mysqld_safe]
table_open_cache=256

# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
# grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
# based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
# of them.
tmp_table_size=18M


# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
# disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
# more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
# the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
# connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance
# improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
thread_cache_size=8

#*** MyISAM Specific options

# The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
# recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
# If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
# through the key cache (which is slower).
myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G

# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
# than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
# key cache method.  This is mainly used to force long character keys in
# large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
myisam_sort_buffer_size=35M

# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
# Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
# is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
# MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
# used for internal temporary disk tables.
key_buffer_size=25M

# Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
# Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
read_buffer_size=64K
read_rnd_buffer_size=256K

# This buffer is allocated when MySQL needs to rebuild the index in
# REPAIR, OPTIMZE, ALTER table statements as well as in LOAD DATA INFILE
# into an empty table. It is allocated per thread so be careful with
# large settings.
sort_buffer_size=256K


#*** INNODB Specific options ***
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M;ibdata2:512M:autoextend
# Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
# but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
# and speed up some things.
#skip-innodb

# Additional memory pool that is used by InnoDB to store metadata
# information.  If InnoDB requires more memory for this purpose it will
# start to allocate it from the OS.  As this is fast enough on most
# recent operating systems, you normally do not need to change this
# value. SHOW INNODB STATUS will display the current amount used.
# innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=2M

# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
# disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are
# willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small
# transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the
# logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and
# the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2
# means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log
# file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

# The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as
# it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed
# once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large
# (even with long transactions).
innodb_log_buffer_size=1M

# InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and
# row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to
# access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this
# parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it
# too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may
# cause paging in the operating system.  Note that on 32bit systems you
# might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not
# set it too high.
innodb_buffer_pool_size=47M

# Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size
# of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid
# unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,
# note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the
# recovery process.
innodb_log_file_size=24M

# Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value
# depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS
# scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.
innodb_thread_concurrency=10
innodb_flush_method=normal

3.注意以管理员身份运行终端到MySQL的bin目录下输入命令，初始化mysql。初始化成功会在my.ini所在的文件目录下自动生成date文件夹（注意不要手动新建）。

mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql

4.然后安装MySQL(自己的路径)

mysqld install MySQL --defaults-file="C:\soft\mysql-5.7.17-winx64\my.ini"

运行完上面的语句，可能会出现这个输出‘The service already exists!’，注意继续运行下面命令，然后就会出现Service successfully removed.

mysqld -remove

5.然后继续第4步的启动，安装MySQL

mysqld install MySQL --defaults-file="C:\soft\mysql-5.7.17-winx64\my.ini"

然后就会出现Service successfully installed.

6.启动MySQL

net start mysql

然后就会出现MySQL 服务正在启动。MySQL 服务已经启动成功。现在去任务管理器的服务中看MySQL就是运行的状态了。

7.其实大部分都会出现服务启动不成功的问题，若是你启动不成功就继续往下看（我这个启动成功是因为上面的my.ini是修改之后的最终版本的），下面我记录下解决安装MySQL中的终极方法，看运行报错日志（C:\soft\mysql-5.7.17-winx64\Data下的DESKTOP-OOT6K86的文件，里面看ERR，然后看具体什么错，每个人的情况不同，错误也不同）

下面看下我之前出现的几个错误

问题1：

ERR报错显示unknown variable 'table-cache=256'

解决办法1：

my.ini把table_cache 修改为table_open_cache即可

然后运行6启动MySQL。若是启动不成功，错误还是这个，说明没生效，那就从第3步生成data开始。

问题2：

然后启动MySQL后这个错误消失，查看date文件夹内，可能还会出现另一个错误mysql_upgrade更新一下之类的

解决办法2：

此时只需要把bin目录的这个程序mysql_upgrade执行一下就行了。

问题3：

然后继续启动MySQL服务，要是不幸出现该错误，大家不要气馁，坚持就是胜利，有一个错解决一个，有一百个要解决一百个。

The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
InnoDB: Error: space header page consists of zero bytes in data file .\ibdata1
Could not open or create data files.
这个意思就是数据库引擎Innodb没有安装好，就是它不能自动帮我们安装这个引擎了。

解决办法3：

在#*** INNODB Specific options ***下加入这样的一条语句：
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M;ibdata2:512M:autoextend