获取天气数据源
要做天气应用,第一个要解决的问题是天气数据的来源.在国内最权威的来源当然是中国天气网,中国所有的天气数据都在那里,在各种网上看到的各种天气信息基本上都是从那里来的.而且中国天气网现在的气象数据接口免费开放,以前是要收钱的,现在免费开发,只要注册账号,成为开发者,获取API ，就能获取几乎所有的天气数据了，不过这个注册有点坑，我注册了，审核还没有通过，不知道什么时候能通过中国天气网气象数据开放平台地址，点进去就能注册了．前几天比较坑，不知道是什么情况，我一点注册就无法连接到服务器，刚刚写博客的时候想起了这件事，点进去看了下，竟然点进去了，所以说我是刚刚才注册的，注册的时候要填身份证，还要上传证件照片，还要填使用ＡＰＩ的服务器ＩＰ，还是必填项，没有服务器怎么办？我也不知道，我前几天买了三个月的个阿里云ＥＣＳ，就把那个ＩＰ填上去了，不知道审核能不能通过.当然除了中国天气网的数据，还有其他的第三方数据中心，新浪百度都有开放ＡＰＩ，关于其他第三方的ＡＰＩ，给两个知乎的链接，有较详细的回答网上的天气ＡＰＩ哪一个更可靠,有哪些免费开放且收录城市较完整的天气 API 接口这两个回答都有比较详细的介绍，这里不再多做介绍．我现在用的是和风天气提供的ＡＰＩ,这个数据比较全，有免费的，不过有次数限制，不想注册的，点这里，百度API Store，这个也不错．具体选哪个数据来源，就看个人喜好了．中国气象网开放数据平台的数据当然是最权威的，不过我太好获取，等我审核通过了，我再试下它的数据。
使用和风天气的数据
先看下和风天气返回的json数据，和风天气的数据很全，但是pm2.5这类数据只有一些大城市有，很多城市没有，除了这点外，其他数据都有。调用方法官网上有详细说明，这里只看下它的数据内容
{
"HeWeather data service 3.0":[
{
"aqi": 空气质量指数
{"city": 城市数据
{"aqi":"110", 空气质量指数
"co":"1", 一氧化碳
"no2":"60", 二氧化碳
"o3":"28", 臭氧
"pm10":"103", pm10
"pm25":"82", pm2.5
"qlty":"轻度污染", 空气质量类别
"so2":"14" 二氧化硫
}
},
basic":{ 城市基本信息 "city":"广州", 城市名称 "cnty":"中国", 国家名称 "id":"CN101280101", 城市id "lat":"23.108000", 城市经度 "lon":"113.265000", 城市纬度 "update":{ 数据更新时间 "loc":"2015-12-21 15:08", 数据更新的当地时间 "utc":"2015-12-21 07:08" 数据更新的标准时间 } }, "daily_forecast":[ 天气预报 { "astro":{ 天文数值 "sr":"07:03", 日出时间 "ss":"17:46" 日落时间 }, "cond":{ 天气状况 "code_d":"305", 白天天气代码 "code_n":"104", 晚上天气代码 "txt_d":"小雨", 白天天气描述 "txt_n":"阴" 晚上天气描述 }, "date":"2015-12-21", 当地日期 "hum":"67", 湿度 "pcpn":"0.0", 降雨量 "pop":"38", 降水概率 "pres":"1021", 气压 "tmp":{ 温度 "max":"19", 最高 "min":"16" 最低 }, "vis":"10", 能见度 "wind":{ 风力状况 "deg":"65", 风向(角度) "dir":"无持续风向", 风向(方向) "sc":"微风", 风力等级 "spd":"0" 风速 } }, { "astro":{ "sr":"07:03", "ss":"17:46" }, "cond":{ "code_d":"104", "code_n":"104", "txt_d":"阴", "txt_n":"阴" }, "date":"2015-12-22", "hum":"86", "pcpn":"1.3", "pop":"87", "pres":"1021", "tmp":{ "max":"21", "min":"18" }, "vis":"9", "wind":{ "deg":"49", "dir":"无持续风向", "sc":"微风", "spd":"9" } }, { "astro":{ "sr":"07:04", "ss":"17:47" }, "cond":{ "code_d":"101", "code_n":"101", "txt_d":"多云", "txt_n":"多云" }, "date":"2015-12-23", "hum":"73", "pcpn":"0.2", "pop":"0", "pres":"1016", "tmp":{ "max":"23", "min":"18" }, "vis":"10", "wind":{ "deg":"183", "dir":"无持续风向", "sc":"微风", "spd":"6" } }, { "astro":{ "sr":"07:04", "ss":"17:47" }, "cond":{ "code_d":"101", "code_n":"305", "txt_d":"多云", "txt_n":"小雨" }, "date":"2015-12-24", "hum":"64", "pcpn":"0.3", "pop":"55", "pres":"1016", "tmp":{ "max":"17", "min":"12" }, "vis":"10", "wind":{ "deg":"187", "dir":"北风", "sc":"3-4", "spd":"12" } }, { "astro":{ "sr":"07:05", "ss":"17:48" }, "cond":{ "code_d":"305", "code_n":"101", "txt_d":"小雨", "txt_n":"多云" }, "date":"2015-12-25", "hum":"82", "pcpn":"7.7", "pop":"63", "pres":"1021", "tmp":{"
max":"16", "min":"11" }, "vis":"9", "wind":{ "deg":"358", "dir":"北风", "sc":"3-4", "spd":"10" } }, { "astro":{ "sr":"07:05", "ss":"17:48" }, "cond":{ "code_d":"101", "code_n":"101", "txt_d":"多云", "txt_n":"多云" }, "date":"2015-12-26", "hum":"82", "pcpn":"1.8", "pop":"55", "pres":"1022", "tmp":{ "max":"18", "min":"12" }, "vis":"2", "wind":{ "deg":"11", "dir":"无持续风向", "sc":"微风", "spd":"4" } }, { "astro":{ "sr":"07:06", "ss":"17:49" }, "cond":{ "code_d":"101", "code_n":"305", "txt_d":"多云", "txt_n":"小雨" }, "date":"2015-12-27", "hum":"76", "pcpn":"0.7", "pop":"43", "pres":"1022", "tmp":{ "max":"18", "min":"12" }, "vis":"10", "wind":{"
deg":"112", "dir":"无持续风向", "sc":"微风", "spd":"1" } } ], "hourly_forecast":[ 每小时天气预报 { "date":"2015-12-21 16:00", 当地日期和时间 "hum":"70", 湿度 "pop":"3", 降水概率 "pres":"1021", 压力 "tmp":"23", 温度 "wind":{ 风力状况 "deg":"93", 风向(角度) "dir":"东风", 风向(方向) "sc":"微风", 风力等级 "spd":"6" 风速 } }, { "date":"2015-12-21 19:00", "hum":"80", "pop":"1", "pres":"1021", "tmp":"20", "wind":{ "deg":"36", "dir":"东北风", "sc":"微风", "spd":"3" } }, { "date":"2015-12-21 22:00", "hum":"85", "pop":"1", "pres":"1022", "tmp":"18", "wind":{ "deg":"55", "dir":"东北风", "sc":"微风", "spd":"2" } } ], "now":{ 现在天气 "cond":{ 天气状况 "code":"300", 天气代码 "txt":"阵雨" 天气描述 }, "fl":"18", 体感温度 "hum":"74", 湿度 "pcpn":"0", 降雨量 "pres":"1020", 压力 "tmp":"17", 温度 "vis":"7", 能见度 "wind":{ 风力状况 \ "deg":"70", 风向(角度) "dir":"西风", 风向(方向) "sc":"3-4", 风力等级 "spd":"11" 风速 } }, "status":"ok", 状态 "suggestion":{" 建议
comf":{ 舒适度 "brf":"舒适", 简介 "txt":"白天不太热也不太冷，风力不大，相信您在这样的天气条件下，应会感到比较清爽和舒适。" 详情 }, "cw":{ 洗车指数 "brf":"不宜", "txt":"不宜洗车，未来24小时内有雨，如果在此期间洗车，雨水和路上的泥水可能会再次弄脏您的爱车。" }, "drsg":{ 穿衣指数 "brf":"较舒适", "txt":"建议着薄外套、开衫牛仔衫裤等服装。年老体弱者应适当添加衣物，宜着夹克衫、薄毛衣等。" }, "flu":{ 感冒指数 "brf":"较易发", "txt":"天气较凉，较易发生感冒，请适当增加衣服。体质较弱的朋友尤其应该注意防护。" }, "sport":{ 运动指数 "brf":"较不宜", "txt":"有降水，推荐您在室内进行各种健身休闲运动，若坚持户外运动，须注意保暖并携带雨具。" }, "trav":{ 旅行指数 "brf":"适宜", "txt":"温度适宜，又有较弱降水和微风作伴，会给您的旅行带来意想不到的景象，适宜旅游，可不要错过机会呦！" }, "uv":{ 紫外线指数 "brf":"最弱", "txt":"属弱紫外线辐射天气，无需特别防护。若长期在户外，建议涂擦SPF在8-12之间的防晒护肤品。" } } } ] }内容不少，不算太复杂，最外面是一个jsonObject，里面一个jsonArray的值，jsonArray里又有几个jsonObject,jsonArray。返回的信息分为返回结果（status）,城市基本信息（basic）,未来几日天气预报（daily_forecast）,未来几小时天气预报（hourly_forecast）,当前天气状态（now）,建议（suggestion）。
使用jsonObejct解析数据
本次获取的ｊｓｏｎ数据比较复杂，用jsonObject解析代码量会比较大，不过很直观，下面代码演示用jsonObject解析天气信息，一般来说，不会用jsonObject解析复杂的json数据，容易出错，代码量也大，代码如下。
package com.ykkj.goodweather.util;
import android.util.Log;
import com.ykkj.goodweather.model.WeatherInfo;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
/** * 使用jsonObject解析天气数据 */
public class JsonTool {
public static void parseJsonWithJsonObejct(String jsonData) throws JSONException {
JSONObject jsonObjWeatherInfo = getHead(jsonData);//获取jsonArray里的jsonObject
String status = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getString("status");//获取返回结果
if (status.equals("ok")){//返回结果为"ok"表示成功获取天气数据
//获取基本信息,基本信息为jsonObject
JSONObject jsonObjBasic = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.BASIC);
//获取未来七日天气预报,该数据为jsonArray
JSONArray jsonArrDailyForecast = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONArray(WeatherInfo.DAILY_FORECAST);
//获取未来３小时天气预报,该数据为jsonArray
JSONArray jsonArrHourlyForecast = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONArray(WeatherInfo.HOURLY_FORECAT);
//获取当前天气状况
JSONObject jsonObjNow = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.NOW);
//获取出行建议
JSONObject jsonObjSuggestion = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.SUGGESTION);
//解析基本信息
parseBasic(jsonObjBasic);
//解析未来７日天气预报
parseDailyForecast(jsonArrDailyForecast);
//解析未来３小时天气预报
parseHourlyForecast(jsonArrHourlyForecast);
//解析当前天气状况
parseNow(jsonObjNow);
//解析出行建议
parseSuggestion(jsonObjSuggestion);
//获取空气质量指数
JSONObject jsonObjAqi = jsonObjWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.AQI);
}
}
//解析基本信息
private static void parseBasic(JSONObject jsonObjBasic) throws JSONException {
String city = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.CITY);
String cnty = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.CNTY);
String id = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.ID);
String lat = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.LAT);
String lon = jsonObjBasic.getString(WeatherInfo.LON);
JSONObject jsonObjUpdate = jsonObjBasic.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.UPDATE);
String loc = jsonObjUpdate.getString(WeatherInfo.LOC);
String utc = jsonObjUpdate.getString(WeatherInfo.UTC);
Log.d("json","城市基本信息 城市名字" + city + "\n 所属国家 " + cnty +
"\n 编号 " + id + "\n 经度 " + lat + "\n 纬度 " + lon +
"\n 更新时间 " + loc);
}
//解析未来７日天气预报
private static void parseDailyForecast(JSONArray jsonArrDailyForecast) throws JSONException {
for (int i = 0 ; i < jsonArrDailyForecast.length();i++){
JSONObject object = jsonArrDailyForecast.getJSONObject(i);
JSONObject jsonObjAstro = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.ASTRO);
JSONObject jsonObjCnd = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.COND);
JSONObject jsonObjTmp = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.TMP);
JSONObject jsonObjWIND = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.WIND);
String sunRaise = jsonObjAstro.getString(WeatherInfo.SR);
String sunShine = jsonObjAstro.getString(WeatherInfo.SS);
String codeDay = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.CODE_D);
String codeNight = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.CODE_N);
String textDay = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.TEXT_D);
String textNight = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.TEXT_N);
String date = object.getString(WeatherInfo.DATE);
String hum = object.getString(WeatherInfo.HUM);
String pcpn = object.getString(WeatherInfo.PCPN);
String pop = object.getString(WeatherInfo.POP);
String pres = object.getString(WeatherInfo.PRES);
String vis = object.getString(WeatherInfo.VIS);
String max = jsonObjTmp.getString(WeatherInfo.MAX );
String min = jsonObjTmp.getString(WeatherInfo.MIN);
String deg = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DEG);
String dir = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DIR);
String sc = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SC);
String spd = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SPD);
Log.d("json" ,date + " 天气信息 \n" + " 最高温度 "+ max + " 最低温度 " + min + "\n" +
" 湿度 " + hum + " 降水概率 " + pop + " 降雨量 " + pcpn + " 气压 " + pres + "\n" +
" 能见度 " + vis + "\n 日出时间 " + sunRaise + " 日落时间 " + sunShine + "\n"+
" \n 白天天气状况 " + textDay + " 晚上天气状况 " + textNight + "\n" +
" 风向 " + dir + " " + sc + " " + spd);
}
}
//解析未来３小时天气预报
private static void parseHourlyForecast(JSONArray jsonArrHourlyForecast) throws JSONException {
for (int i = 0 ;i < jsonArrHourlyForecast.length() ;i++){
JSONObject object = jsonArrHourlyForecast.getJSONObject(i);
JSONObject jsonObjWIND = object.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.WIND);
String date = object.getString(WeatherInfo.DATE);
String hum = object.getString(WeatherInfo.HUM);
String pop = object.getString(WeatherInfo.POP);
String pres = object.getString(WeatherInfo.PRES);
String tmp = object.getString(WeatherInfo.TMP);
String deg = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DEG);
String dir = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DIR);
String sc = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SC);
String spd = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SPD);
Log.d("json" ,date + " 天气信息 \n" +
" 湿度 " + hum + " 降水概率 " + pop + " 气压 " + pres + "\n" +
" 风向 " + dir + " " + sc + " " + spd);
}
}
//解析当前天气状况
private static void parseNow(JSONObject jsonObjNow) throws JSONException {
JSONObject jsonObjCnd = jsonObjNow.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.COND);
JSONObject jsonObjWIND = jsonObjNow.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.WIND);
String text = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);
String code = jsonObjCnd.getString(WeatherInfo.CODE);
String feel = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.FEEL);
String hum = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.HUM);
String pcpn = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.PCPN);
String pres = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.PRES);
String vis = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.VIS);
String tmp = jsonObjNow.getString(WeatherInfo.TMP);
String deg = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DEG);
String dir = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.DIR);
String sc = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SC);
String spd = jsonObjWIND.getString(WeatherInfo.SPD);
Log.d("json" ," 当前天气状态 \n" +
" 湿度 " + hum + " 降水量 " + pcpn + " 气压 " + pres + "\n" +
" 能见度 " + vis + " 温度 " + tmp +
"\n 天气状态 " + text + " 天气代码 " + code + " 体感温度 " + feel+
"\n 风向 " + dir + " " + sc + " " + spd);
}
//解析出行建议
private static void parseSuggestion(JSONObject jsonObjSuggestion) throws JSONException {
JSONObject jsonObjComf = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.COMF);
JSONObject jsonObjCw = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.CW);
JSONObject jsonObjDrag = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.DRSG);
JSONObject jsonObjFlu = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.FLU);
JSONObject jsonObjSport = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.SPORT);
JSONObject jsonObjTrav = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.TRAV);
JSONObject jsonObjUv = jsonObjSuggestion.getJSONObject(WeatherInfo.UV);
String comfBref = jsonObjComf.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);
String comfTxt = jsonObjComf.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);
String cwBref = jsonObjCw.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);
String cwTxt = jsonObjCw.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);
String dragBref = jsonObjDrag.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);
String dragTxt = jsonObjDrag.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);
String fluBref = jsonObjFlu.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);
String fluTxt = jsonObjFlu.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);
String sporBref = jsonObjSport.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);
String sportTxt = jsonObjSport.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);
String travBref = jsonObjTrav.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);
String travTxt = jsonObjTrav.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);
String uvBref = jsonObjUv.getString(WeatherInfo.BRF);
String uvTxt = jsonObjUv.getString(WeatherInfo.TXT);
Log.d("json","出行建议\n" + "舒适度 " + comfBref + " " + comfTxt + "\n" +
" 洗车指数 " + cwBref + " " + cwTxt + "\n" +
" 穿衣指数 " + dragBref + " " + dragTxt + "\n" +
" 感冒指数 " + fluBref + " " + fluTxt +" \n" +
" 运动指数 " + sporBref + " " + sportTxt + "\n" +
" 旅行指数 " + travBref + " " + travTxt + "\n" +
" 紫外线指数 " + uvBref + " " + uvTxt);
}
//获取jsonArray中的第一个jsonObject
private static JSONObject getHead(String jsonData) {
JSONObject result = null;
try {
JSONObject object = new JSONObject(jsonData);
JSONArray jsonArrWeatherInfo = object.getJSONArray(WeatherInfo.SERVICE_NAME);
result = jsonArrWeatherInfo.getJSONObject(0);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.e("err","err");
}
return result;
}
}代码中将使用的字符串放到了一个类中，代码如下
package com.ykkj.goodweather.model;
/** * Created by buniaowanfeng on 15-12-22. */
public class WeatherInfo {
public static final String SERVICE_NAME = "HeWeather data service 3.0";
public static final String AQI = "aqi";
public static final String BASIC = "basic";
public static final String DAILY_FORECAST = "daily_forecast";
public static final String HOURLY_FORECAT = "hourly_forecast";
public static final String NOW = "now";
public static final String SUGGESTION = "suggestion";
public static final String CITY = "city";
public static final String CNTY = "cnty";
public static final String ID = "id";
public static final String LAT = "lat";
public static final String LON = "lon";
public static final String UPDATE = "update";
public static final String LOC = "loc";
public static final String UTC = "utc";
public static final String ASTRO = "astro";
public static final String COND = "cond";
public static final String TMP = "tmp";
public static final String WIND = "wind";
public static final String SR = "sr";
public static final String SS = "ss";
public static final String CODE_D = "code_d";
public static final String CODE_N = "code_n";
public static final String TEXT_D = "txt_d";
public static final String TEXT_N = "txt_n";
public static final String DATE = "date";
public static final String HUM = "hum";
public static final String PCPN = "pcpn";
public static final String POP = "pop";
public static final String PRES = "pres";
public static final String MAX = "max";
public static final String MIN = "min";
public static final String VIS = "vis";
public static final String DEG = "deg";
public static final String DIR = "dir";
public static final String SC = "sc";
public static final String SPD = "spd";
public static final String TXT = "txt";
public static final String CODE = "code";
public static final String FEEL = "fl";
public static final String COMF = "comf";
public static final String CW = "cw";
public static final String DRSG ="drsg";
public static final String FLU = "flu";
public static final String SPORT = "sport";
public static final String TRAV = "trav";
public static final String UV = "uv";
public static final String BRF = "brf";
}本文章为转载内容，我们尊重原作者对文章享有的著作权。如有内容错误或侵权问题，欢迎原作者联系我们进行内容更正或删除文章。
