Kubernetes traefik ingress安装
Ingress简介
如果你还不了解，ingress是什么，可以先看下我翻译的Kubernetes官网上ingress的介绍Kubernetes Ingress解析。
理解Ingress
简单的说，ingress就是从kubernetes集群外访问集群的入口，将用户的URL请求转发到不同的service上。Ingress相当于nginx、apache等负载均衡方向代理服务器，其中还包括规则定义，即URL的路由信息，路由信息得的刷新由Ingress controller来提供。
理解Ingress Controller
Ingress Controller 实质上可以理解为是个监视器，Ingress Controller 通过不断地跟 kubernetes API 打交道，实时的感知后端 service、pod 等变化，比如新增和减少 pod，service 增加与减少等；当得到这些变化信息后，Ingress Controller 再结合下文的 Ingress 生成配置，然后更新反向代理负载均衡器，并刷新其配置，达到服务发现的作用。
部署Traefik
介绍traefik
Traefik是一款开源的反向代理与负载均衡工具。它最大的优点是能够与常见的微服务系统直接整合，可以实现自动化动态配置。目前支持Docker, Swarm, Mesos/Marathon, Mesos, Kubernetes, Consul, Etcd, Zookeeper, BoltDB, Rest API等等后端模型。
以下配置文件可以在yaml/traefik-ingress/目录下找到。
创建ingress-rbac.yaml
将用于service account验证。
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: ingress
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: ingress
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: ingress
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io创建ingress.yaml
# cat ingress.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress
spec:
rules:
- host: traefik.nginx.io
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: my-nginx
servicePort: 80
- host: traefik.frontend.io
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: frontend
servicePort: 80这其中的backend中要配置default namespace中启动的service名字。path就是URL地址后的路径，如traefik.frontend.io/path，service将会接受path这个路径，host最好使用service-name.filed1.filed2.domain-name这种类似主机名称的命名方式，方便区分服务。
根据你自己环境中部署的service的名字和端口自行修改，有新service增加时，修改该文件后可以使用kubectl replace -f ingress.yaml来更新。
我们现在集群中已经有几个nginx的service了。
创建文件traefik.yaml
# cat traefik.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-lb
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
name: traefik-ingress-lb
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
hostNetwork: true
restartPolicy: Always
serviceAccountName: ingress
containers:
- image: traefik
name: traefik-ingress-lb
resources:
limits:
cpu: 200m
memory: 30Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 20Mi
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 80
hostPort: 80
- name: admin
containerPort: 8580
hostPort: 8580
args:
- --web
- --web.address=:8580
- --kubernetes注意我们这里用的是Deploy类型，没有限定该pod运行在哪个主机上。Traefik的端口是8580。
创建文件ui.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: traefik-web-ui
namespace: kube-system
spec:
selector:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
ports:
- name: web
port: 80
targetPort: 8580
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: traefik-web-ui
namespace: kube-system
spec:
rules:
- host: traefik-ui.local
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: traefik-web-ui
servicePort: web配置完成后就可以启动treafik ingress了。
# kubectl create -f .
serviceaccount "ingress" created
clusterrolebinding "ingress" created
ingress "traefik-ingress" created
deployment "traefik-ingress-lb" created
service "traefik-web-ui" created
ingress "traefik-web-ui" created我查看到traefik的pod在192.168.1.122这台节点上启动了。
访问该地址http://192.168.1.122:8580/将可以看到dashboard。
左侧黄色部分部分列出的是所有的rule，右侧绿色部分是所有的backend。
测试
在集群的任意一个节点上执行。假如现在我要访问nginx的"/"路径。
# curl -H Host:traefik.nginx.io http://192.168.1.122/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>例子：
根据namespace来指定后端service，host主机名可以自定义指定
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: test
namespace: kube-system
spec:
rules:
- host: fix.es.io
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: elasticsearch-logging
servicePort: 9200
- host: fix.dash.io
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: kubernetes-dashboard
servicePort: 80# curl fix.es.io
{
"name" : "Thermo",
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"version" : {
"number" : "2.3.2",
"build_hash" : "b9e4a6acad4008027e4038f6abed7f7dba346f94",
"build_timestamp" : "2016-04-21T16:03:47Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "5.5.0"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
# curl fix.dash.io
<!doctype html> <html ng-app="kubernetesDashboard"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title ng-controller="kdTitle as $ctrl" ng-bind="$ctrl.title()"></title> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="assets/images/kubernetes-logo.png"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/vendor.4f4b705f.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/app.93b90a74.css"> </head> <body> <!--[if lt IE 10]>
<p class="browsehappy">You are using an <strong>outdated</strong> browser.
Please <a href="http://browsehappy.com/">upgrade your browser</a> to improve your
experience.</p>
<![endif]--> <kd-chrome layout="column" layout-fill> </kd-chrome> <script src="static/vendor.6952e31e.js"></script> <script src="api/appConfig.json"></script> <script src="static/app.8a6b8127.js"></script> </body> </html>如果你需要在kubernetes集群以外访问就需要设置DNS，或者修改本机的hosts文件。
在其中加入：
192.168.1.122 traefik.nginx.io fix.es.io fix.dash.io所有访问这些地址的流量都会发送给192.168.1.122这台主机，就是我们启动traefik的主机。
Traefik会解析http请求header里的Host参数将流量转发给Ingress配置里的相应service。
修改hosts后就就可以在kubernetes集群外访问以上service，如下图：
参考
