JSON动态解析
- 问题的由来
在公司实习期间，遇到了这样一个问题，就是动态去请求不同的API接口，去解析返回的JSON数据，并且得存储到数据库中。在知道json返回的数据类型，然后创建对应的pojo类，去解析json这样的我们都容易操作，但是在不知道json返回数据字段情况下，如何实现动态解析并动态建表存储，这个就难到我了。后面在挣扎了好久，终于找到了解决的办法，现在就做个总结。
首先来看一下几种类型的json数据
- 比较常见的 ，普通类型
{
"rtnCode": "000000",
"rtnMsg": "success",
"data": {
"name": "张丽花",
"gender": "女",1
"spell": " ", 1
"birthday": "1985-05-16", 1
"idCard": "352202198505XXXX",1
"validDate": "",1
"guideNum": "D-3522-001332",1
"qualificationCode": "DZG2006JX12296",
"randAndLanguage": " 普通话--初级 ",
"nation": "汉族",1
"tel": "13459300151",
"organization": "宁德市旅游协会导游工作部门",
"touristAdministration": "宁德市旅游发展委员会",
"photo_front": "http://ossdev.12301e.com/upload_a137919f030f8458761d202c468f2c2c.jpg",1
"photo_reverse": "http://ossdev.12301e.com/upload_f94f8ca17c9078a82180e4f99b4ce854.jpg",1
"photo": "http://ossdev.12301e.com/upload_d790b665898f74c39e8515e645857d3a.jpg",1
"result": "通过",1
"approver": "关艳苹", 1
"company": "宁德市旅游发展委员会"
}
}- 复杂一点的，含有list的多条数据
{
"rtnCode": "000000",
"rtnMsg": "success",
"data": {
"totalPage": "1",
"totalSize": "1",
"list": [
{
"name": "张丽花",
"idCard": "352202198505XXXX",
"guideNum": "D-3522-001332",
"gender": "女",
"rank": "初级",
"date": "2017-12-08",
"approver": "关艳苹",
"id": "1886351"
}, {
"name": "张丽花2",
"idCard": "3522021985051XXXX",
"guideNum": "D-3522-001332",
"gender": "女",
"rank": "初级",
"date": "2017-12-08",
"approver": "关艳苹",
"id": "1886351"
}，{
"name": "张丽花3",
"idCard": "3522021985XXXX",
"guideNum": "D-3522-001332",
"gender": "女",
"rank": "初级",
"date": "2017-12-08",
"approver": "关艳苹",
"id": "1886351"
}
]
}
}接下来，我们就要去实现解析这两种类型的json数据。
这里我提供了一个工具类，专门用来解析json字符串
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
/*
* JsonUtils生成json数据和解析json数据
*/
public class JsonUtils {
static ObjectMapper objectMapper;
/*
* Json字符串转 Object对象
*/
public static <T> T fromJson(String content, Class<T> valueType) {
if (objectMapper == null) {
objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
}
try {
return objectMapper.readValue(content, valueType);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/*
* Object对象转 json字符串
*/
public static String toJson(Object object) {
if (objectMapper == null) {
objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
}
try {
return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(object);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 将json格式的字符串解析成Map对象 json格式：{"name":"admin","retries":"3fff"}
*
* @param object
* @return
*/
public Map<String, String> jsonToMap(Object object) {
Map<String, String> data = new HashMap<String, String>();
try {
if(object!=null&&!object.equals("")){
// 将json字符串转换成jsonObject
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(object);
Iterator<?> it = jsonObject.keys();
// 遍历jsonObject数据，添加到Map对象
while (it.hasNext()) {
String key = String.valueOf(it.next());
String value = (String) jsonObject.get(key).toString();
data.put(key, value);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return data;
}
/**
* 将json格式的字符串解析成List-Map对象
* json格式：[{"name":"admin","retries":"3fff"},{"name":"admin","retries":
* "3fff"}]
*
* @param object
* @return
*/
public List<Map<String, String>> jsonToList(Object object) {
JSONArray arry = JSONArray.fromObject(object);
List<Map<String, String>> rsList = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();
for (int i = 0; i < arry.size(); i++) {
JSONObject jsonObject = arry.getJSONObject(i);
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
for (Iterator<?> iter = jsonObject.keys(); iter.hasNext();) {
String key = (String) iter.next();
String value = null;
if(jsonObject.get(key)!=null){
value = jsonObject.get(key).toString();
}else{
value = "";
}
map.put(key, value);
}
rsList.add(map);
}
return rsList;
}
}使用的时候需要用到下面几个jar包，可自行百度下载，如有需要也可联系我邮箱发送：
注意commons-collections使用3点几版本的，不要太高，不然会报错
测试工具类得使用
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.hrt.json.JsonUtils;
import com.hrt.service.DyinfoService;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
@Service
public class TestJson {
@Autowired
DyinfoService dyinfoService;
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str1="{\r\n" +
" \"rtnCode\": \"000000\",\r\n" +
" \"rtnMsg\": \"success\",\r\n" +
" \"data\": {\r\n" +
" \"totalPage\": \"1\",\r\n" +
" \"totalSize\": \"1\",\r\n" +
" \"list\": [\r\n" +
" {\r\n" +
" \"name\": \"张丽花\",\r\n" +
" \"idCard\": \"352202198505XXXX\",\r\n" +
" \"guideNum\": \"D-3522-001332\",\r\n" +
" \"gender\": \"女\",\r\n" +
" \"rank\": \"初级\",\r\n" +
" \"date\": \"2017-12-08\",\r\n" +
" \"approver\": \"关艳苹\",\r\n" +
" \"id\": \"1886351\"\r\n" +
" }\r\n" +
" ]\r\n" +
" }\r\n" +
"}";
String str2="{\r\n" +
" \"rtnCode\": \"000000\",\r\n" +
" \"rtnMsg\": \"success\",\r\n" +
" \"data\": {\r\n" +
" \"name\": \"张丽花\",\r\n" +
" \"gender\": \"女\",\r\n" +
" \"spell\": \" \",\r\n" +
" \"birthday\": \"1985-05-16\",\r\n" +
" \"idCard\": \"352202198505XXXX\",\r\n" +
" \"validDate\": \"\",\r\n" +
" \"guideNum\": \"D-3522-001332\",\r\n" +
" \"qualificationCode\": \"DZG2006JX12296\",\r\n" +
" \"randAndLanguage\": \" 普通话--初级 \",\r\n" +
" \"nation\": \"汉族\",\r\n" +
" \"tel\": \"13459300151\",\r\n" +
" \"organization\": \"宁德市旅游协会导游工作部门\",\r\n" +
" \"touristAdministration\": \"宁德市旅游发展委员会\",\r\n" +
" \"photo_front\": \"http://ossdev.12301e.com/upload_a137919f030f8458761d202c468f2c2c.jpg\",\r\n" +
" \"photo_reverse\": \"http://ossdev.12301e.com/upload_f94f8ca17c9078a82180e4f99b4ce854.jpg\",\r\n" +
" \"photo\": \"http://ossdev.12301e.com/upload_d790b665898f74c39e8515e645857d3a.jpg\",\r\n" +
" \"result\": \"通过\",\r\n" +
" \"approver\": \"关艳苹\",\r\n" +
" \"company\": \"宁德市旅游发展委员会\"\r\n" +
" }\r\n" +
"}";
String str3="{\r\n" +
" \"rtnCode\": \"000000\",\r\n" +
" \"rtnMsg\": \"success\",\r\n" +
" \"data\": {\r\n" +
" \"totalPage\": \"1\",\r\n" +
" \"totalSize\": \"1\",\r\n" +
" \"list\": [\r\n" +
" {\r\n" +
" \"name\": \"张丽花\",\r\n" +
" \"idCard\": \"35220219850516XXXX\",\r\n" +
" \"guideNum\": \"D-3522-001332\",\r\n" +
" \"gender\": \"女\",\r\n" +
" \"rank\": \"初级\",\r\n" +
" \"date\": \"2017-12-08\",\r\n" +
" \"approver\": \"关艳苹\",\r\n" +
" \"id\": \"1886351\"\r\n" +
" }, {\r\n" +
" \"name\": \"张丽花2\",\r\n" +
" \"idCard\": \"352202198505XXXX\",\r\n" +
" \"guideNum\": \"D-3522-001332\",\r\n" +
" \"gender\": \"女\",\r\n" +
" \"rank\": \"初级\",\r\n" +
" \"date\": \"2017-12-08\",\r\n" +
" \"approver\": \"关艳苹\",\r\n" +
" \"id\": \"1886351\"\r\n" +
" }\r\n" +
" ]\r\n" +
" }\r\n" +
"}";
String str4="{ \r\n" +
" \"rtnCode\":\"000000\", \r\n" +
" \"rtnMsg\":\"success\", \r\n" +
" \"data\":{ \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"984DAFA4B837457A86896FCE40DA187D\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"福州市安全生产监督管理局\", \r\n" +
" \"list\":[ \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"4695DB12B22D4944AE509990B0288175\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"鼓楼区安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"1B00C5F841134E1FBBFAE43DCA0AD6AE\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"台江区安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"4F609BE00DD049E9B67E8127FD4AAAB1\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"仓山区安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"6AC3975D50EA42158AA6C956DDF71D8D\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"马尾区安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"BE6142BAF13D42B08C41C53AEDBE97FB\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"晋安区安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"60924D35DE324BC5BE7EF7A7BD1C7E9B\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"闽侯县安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"8FE3B90CB6B34248A4EA7CCD740923E7\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"连江县安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"DD72643D8B55428EBDA686F186011016\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"罗源县安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"5014816A8D0E445DBEF144F986436C21\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"闽清县安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"2FE491E25E7B46408DF5A9036BAADDBD\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"永泰县安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"B8AF0FB8F1C84EFBADBF5CD353A3C175\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"福清市安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" }, \r\n" +
" { \r\n" +
" \"id\":\"D7EE9BD5365343EE83A4BDD55C55E2BB\", \r\n" +
" \"fzsaqscjdglj\":\"长乐市安全生产监督管理局\" \r\n" +
" } \r\n" +
" ] \r\n" +
" } \r\n" +
"}";
toJson(str3);
}
//json解析
public static void toJson(String str) {
JsonUtils t=new JsonUtils();
//1。首先解析成一个map集合###并遍历输出含有字段及字段对应的值 key-value
System.out.println("第1：首先解析成一个map集合并遍历输出含有的字段");
Map<String,String> p1= t.jsonToMap(str);
Set<String> keys=p1.keySet(); //获取map集合内所有字段
for(String a:keys) {
System.out.println("key:"+a+" ,value:"+p1.get(a));
}
//2. 获取data数据，及获取map集合内的data字段，再解析###data内字段
System.out.println("第2： 获取data数据，及获取map集合内的data字段，再解析data内字段");
String data2= p1.get("data"); //获取到data内的内容
Map<String,String> p2= t.jsonToMap(data2); //将data内的内容转map集合
Set<String> keys2=p2.keySet();获取data内所有字段
for(String a:keys2) {
System.out.println("key:"+a+" ,value:"+p2.get(a));
}
//普通的解析，用到1,2 就可以了
//第3.解析list，获取到p2里的list字段的value，然后转换为 List<Map<key,value>> ，这里的list字段得提供
System.out.println("第3：.解析list，获取到p2里的list字段的value，然后转换为 List<Map<key,value>>");
if(p2.containsKey("list")) { //判断是否含有list字段
String list= p2.get("list"); //获取到data内的内容
List<Map<String, String>> p3= t.jsonToList(list); //调用工具类方法，然后转换为 List<Map<key,value>>
for(int i=0;i<p3.size();i++) { //遍历输出
Map<String,String> m3= p3.get(i); //遍历list内的map
Set<String> keys3=m3.keySet();获取map内的对象所有字段
for(String a:keys3) {
System.out.println("key:"+a+" ,value:"+m3.get(a));
}
}
}
}
}解析结果如下：
第1：首先解析成一个map集合###并遍历输出含有的字段
key:data ,value:{"totalPage":"1","totalSize":"1","list":[{"name":"张丽花","idCard":"3522021985051XXXX","guideNum":"D-3522-001332","gender":"女","rank":"初级","date":"2017-12-08","approver":"关艳苹","id":"1886351"},{"name":"张丽花2","idCard":"3522021985051XXXX","guideNum":"D-3522-001332","gender":"女","rank":"初级","date":"2017-12-08","approver":"关艳苹","id":"1886351"}]}
key:rtnMsg ,value:success
key:rtnCode ,value:000000
第2： 获取data数据，及获取map集合内的data字段，再解析###data内字段
key:totalSize ,value:1
key:totalPage ,value:1
key:list ,value:[{"name":"张丽花","idCard":"35220219850516XXXX","guideNum":"D-3522-001332","gender":"女","rank":"初级","date":"2017-12-08","approver":"关艳苹","id":"1886351"},{"name":"张丽花2","idCard":"352202198505XXXX","guideNum":"D-3522-001332","gender":"女","rank":"初级","date":"2017-12-08","approver":"关艳苹","id":"1886351"}]
第3：.解析list，获取到p2里的list字段的value，然后转换为 List<Map<key,value>>
key:date ,value:2017-12-08
key:approver ,value:关艳苹
key:gender ,value:女
key:guideNum ,value:D-3522-001332
key:idCard ,value:3522021985051XXXX
key:name ,value:张丽花
key:rank ,value:初级
key:id ,value:1886351
key:date ,value:2017-12-08
key:approver ,value:关艳苹
key:gender ,value:女
key:guideNum ,value:D-3522-001332
key:idCard ,value:352202198XXXX
key:name ,value:张丽花2
key:rank ,value:初级
key:id ,value:1886351解析字段完成了，接下来就是对应着去实现动态建表的方法及存储的方法。
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