对于java开发者来说,Spring+ 跟现实生活中的 互联网+ 是一样的。
从某种程度上来讲,互联网+ 有很多是通过 Spring+ 来实现的。
自struts2 漏洞曝出后,现在几乎已没人再用,基本都转向了spring框架,MVC框架也就选用了spring framework下更轻量级的springMVC。
再回顾下spring + springMVC的传统配置方法。
1.创建maven工程
maven-webapp
maven的pom.xml 文件需要配置为war包:
<packaging>war</packaging>
2. web.xml配置
src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>user-app</display-name>
<!-- 指定spring主配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:context/spring-config.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- spring容器加载监听器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置springMVC-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--
springMVC默认配置文件名 ${servlet-name}-servlet.xml,且与web.xml放于同一位置。
其他自定义命名或mvc配置文件放于项目中其他目录位置时,需要如下指定配置文件及其位置
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:context/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--
容器是否在启动的时候就加载这个servlet(实例化并调用其init()方法)
1-加载优先级最高,不配置、<= 0 则表示该sevlet容器被选择时才会加载
-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- springMVC 请求路径拦截映射-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 字符集过滤器,防止乱码-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 默认视图首页 -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
3.spring-config.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd"
default-autowire="byName">
<!-- 组件扫描,排除@Controller (由springMVC扫描) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bruce.user, com.bruce.common">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/*.properties" />
<!-- 使用@Value注解,需配置指定properties文件 -->
<util:properties id="configProperties" location="classpath:conf/*.properties" />
<!-- 开启定时注解配置 -->
<task:annotation-driven />
<!-- 引入MyBatis配置 -->
<import resource="classpath:context/spring-mybatis.xml" />
<!-- 引入缓存配置 -->
<import resource="classpath:context/spring-redis.xml" />
<!-- 引入dubbo服务配置 -->
<import resource="classpath:context/user-dubbo-provider.xml" />
<import resource="classpath:context/user-dubbo-consumer.xml" />
</beans>
4.spring properties文件配置
jdbc.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.9:3306/user_app?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=user_app
jdbc.password=user_app123
jdbc.initialSize=2
jdbc.maxTotal=5
jdbc.maxWaitMillis=60000
jdbc.maxIdle=2
jdbc.minIdle=1
jdbc.removeAbandonedOnMaintenance=true
jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout=60
jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=30000
jdbc.numTestsPerEvictionRun=2
jdbc.testOnBorrow=true
jdbc.testOnReturn=true
config.properties
#dubbo
dubbo.application.name=dubbo_user
dubbo.registry.protocol=zookeeper
dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://192.168.2.9:2181
dubbo.protocol.port=29000
dubbo.monitor.address=192.168.2.9:7070
#redis-server
redis.host=192.168.2.9
redis.port=6379
redis.password=user_app123
redis.maxIdle=5
redis.maxActive=10
redis.maxWait=6000
log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger = INFO,stdout,rolling
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%p %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss} %C.%M(%L) | %m %n
log4j.appender.rolling= org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.rolling.file = /usr/local/jar/log/user-app.log
log4j.appender.rolling.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.rolling.layout.ConversionPattern=%p %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss} %C.%M(%L) | %m %n
log4j.category.org.apache.activemq=ERROR
log4j.category.org.springframework.batch=DEBUG
log4j.category.org.springframework.data.document.mongodb=DEBUG
5.spring-mvc.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 开启注解扫描驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 指定返回数据序列化转换编码,防止乱码-->
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 只扫描@Controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bruce.user.controller">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 指定静态资源路径,跳过请求拦截 -->
<mvc:resources location="/WEB-INF/views/static/" mapping="/static/**" />
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 文件上传视图解析处理 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" />
<!-- 实例化swaggerconfig 建议放在mvc:annotation-driven 之后 -->
<bean class="com.bruce.user.SwaggerConfig" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/swagger/**" location="/WEB-INF/swagger/" />
<!-- 请求拦截器 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/api/user/**"/>
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/api/skip/**"/>
<bean class="com.bruce.common.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>
6.spring-mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties" />
</bean>
<!--定义数据源 DBCP 连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}" />
<property name="maxTotal" value="${jdbc.maxTotal}" />
<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${jdbc.maxWaitMillis}" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="${jdbc.maxIdle}" />
<property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}" />
<property name="removeAbandonedOnMaintenance" value="${jdbc.removeAbandonedOnMaintenance}" />
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="${jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout}" />
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" />
<property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="${jdbc.numTestsPerEvictionRun}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${jdbc.testOnBorrow}" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="${jdbc.testOnReturn}" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<property name="validationQuery" value="select count(1) from dual" />
<property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />
</bean>
<!-- spring整合MyBatis -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:context/mybatis.xml"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/bruce/user/*/mapping/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描mapper映射为DAO -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.bruce.user.mapper" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 声明式事务注解方式配置 -->
<context:annotation-config />
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<!-- 事务管理 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.bruce.user.domain"/>
</typeAliases>
<plugins>
<plugin interceptor="com.bruce.common.util.page.PagePlugin">
<property name="dialect" value="mysql"/>
<property name="pageSqlId" value=".*selectListPage.*"/>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</configuration>
7.spring-redis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
<property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" />
<property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.maxActive}" />
<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWait}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="true" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="true" />
</bean>
<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory" p:host-name="${redis.host}"
p:port="${redis.port}" p:password="${redis.password}" p:pool-config-ref="jedisPoolConfig" />
<!-- Redis 序列化策略,指定 K,V 默认采用String序列化策略 -->
<bean id="stringRedisSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" />
<bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate">
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
<property name="keySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="hashKeySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer" />
<property name="enableTransactionSupport" value="false" />
</bean>
<bean id="stringRedisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate" p:connectionFactory-ref="connectionFactory" />
</beans>
8.spring集成dubbo
user-dubbo-provider.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 提供方应用信息 -->
<dubbo:application name="${dubbo.application.name}_provider" />
<!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
<dubbo:registry address="${dubbo.registry.address}" file="${catalina.home}/dubbo-registry/dubbo-registry.properties"/>
<!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="${dubbo.protocol.port}" />
<!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
<dubbo:service interface="com.bruce.rmi.user.service.UserDubboService" ref="userDubboService" />
</beans>
user-dubbo-consumer.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- 消费方应用信息,一个应用中只能有一个应用名,provider默认true, consumer需配置default="false" -->
<dubbo:application name="${dubbo.application.name}_consumer" default="false" />
<!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
<dubbo:registry address="${dubbo.registry.address}" check="false" file="${catalina.home}/dubbo-registry/dubbo-registry.properties"/>
<!-- 消费dubbo服务, 配置check="false",服务启动时跳过dubbo服务依赖关系的检查-->
<dubbo:reference interface="com.bruce.order.service.dubbo.OrderDubboService" id="orderDubboService" check="false"/>
</beans>
9.tomcat部署war包配置
以上罗里吧嗦的各种配置完毕后,开发业务功能代码,完了通过tomcat部署发布服务(只简略记录部署过程,以后再抽时间谈tomcat的优化)
1.配置本地tomcat服务调试:
添加tomcat容器
tomcat-server配置
tomcat本地部署服务
2.远程tomcat服务部署:
使用IDEA将工程打成war包
构建war包
进入项目工程编译目录target下,拷出war包到远程tomcat的webapps目录下, 或存放到其他 固定位置,然后修改tomcat配置文件 conf/server.xml
tomcat指定war位置
启动/停止服务:
cd tomcat/bin
windows: ./startup.bat ./shutdown.bat
lunix: ./startup.sh ./shutdown.sh
如果启动tomcat闪退,修改tomcat/bin/catalina.bat 文件,末尾追加 stop,
保存后重启tomcat,可以查看启动异常提示信息,一般多为端口被占用,
更改tomcat/conf/server.xml, 修改默认的8080端口即可。
以上大致记录下spring历史传统的集成组件方法及服务部署方式,虽已久远,权当回顾技术变迁历程。后面抽空再整理下当前通过springboot框架集成组件及服务部署的方式,体验何为约定大于配置的简洁高效。