前两篇文章,我们使用Prim算法生成了文章,这一次,我们要用Pygame将迷宫的完整生成过程可视化
首先导入模块,这里我们要用到pygame,随机库,sys,time用于减缓速度,threading用于生成迷宫的另一个线程
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import random as rd
import sys
import time
import threading
我们用类和对象的形式实现,定义Game类,初始化函数中设置窗口,a和b表示迷宫大小,lineWidth是迷宫墙壁画在窗口中的粗细,创建一个线程,指向createMaze(createMaze的代码下方会补充),然后启动线程
class Game:
def __init__(self):
pygame.init()
self.W,self.H=900,900
self.screen=pygame.display.set_mode((self.W,self.H),RESIZABLE)
self.a,self.b=28,39
self.lineWidth=5
thread=threading.Thread(target=self.createMaze,args=(self.a,self.b))
thread.start()
创建listen函数,用于监听事件,refreshWindow函数用于在拖动窗口后可以及时更新绘制迷宫每个块的大小(self.width和self.height)
def listen(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==QUIT:
sys.exit()
def refreshWindow(self):
self.W,self.H=self.screen.get_width(),self.screen.get_height()
self.width=self.W/self.a
self.height=self.H/self.b
接下来是创建迷宫的代码,在上一篇遍历墙生成迷宫的时候,我们已经将代码完整写出来了,只要修改一小部分内容即可,要修改的地方如下:
在函数参数中添加self
def createMaze(self,a,b):
然后,把函数中的maze全部改为self.maze,直接存入类变量中
这里不再展示代码,需要算法代码的可以查看我的上一篇文章
或者是在文末的最终代码中复制,要学习算法原理的,查看上一篇文章即可
接下来,draw函数,用于绘制迷宫,这里代码不会太难,就不做太多讲解
def draw(self):
self.screen.fill((255,255,255))
for (n,face),is_wall in self.maze.items():
if is_wall:
y=n//self.a
x=n%self.a
absX=x*self.width
absY=y*self.height
if face=="u":
pygame.draw.line(self.screen,(0,0,0),(absX,absY),(absX+self.width,absY),self.lineWidth)
if face=="d":
pygame.draw.line(self.screen,(0,0,0),(absX,absY+self.height),(absX+self.width,absY+self.height),self.lineWidth)
if face=="l":
pygame.draw.line(self.screen,(0,0,0),(absX,absY),(absX,absY+self.height),self.lineWidth)
if face=="r":
pygame.draw.line(self.screen,(0,0,0),(absX+self.width,absY),(absX+self.width,absY+self.height),self.lineWidth)
然后是run函数,主循环
def run(self):
while True:
self.listen()
self.draw()
pygame.display.update()
用于显示文字的函数,这里没有用到,可以不加上,这里加上去是为了后续利用此框架编写游戏,这里还是把这个显示文字的函数给大家
@staticmethod
def print_text(name,size,text,color):
font=pygame.font.SysFont(name,size)
image=font.render(text,True,color)
return image
最后,添加这段启动的代码
if __name__ == '__main__':
game=Game()
game.run()
这样就好啦!
最终代码(可供参考)
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
import random as rd
import sys
import time
import threading
class Game:
def __init__(self):
pygame.init()
self.W,self.H=900,900
self.screen=pygame.display.set_mode((self.W,self.H),RESIZABLE)
pygame.display.set_caption("Find the Way")
self.a,self.b=28,39
self.lineWidth=5
self.refreshWindow()
thread=threading.Thread(target=self.createMaze,args=(self.a,self.b))
thread.start()
def refreshWindow(self):
self.W,self.H=self.screen.get_width(),self.screen.get_height()
self.width=self.W/self.a
self.height=self.H/self.b
def listen(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==QUIT:
sys.exit()
def createMaze(self,a,b):
self.maze={}
for n in range(a*b):
for face in ["u","d","l","r"]:
self.maze[(n,face)]=1
history=[]
walls=[]
block=rd.choice(list(self.maze.keys()))[0]
history.append(block)
for face in ["u","d","l","r"]:
walls.append((block,face))
while len(walls)!=0:
time.sleep(0.001)
wall=rd.choice(walls)
twoBlocks=[wall[0]]
faces=[wall[1]]
if wall[1]=="u":
if wall[0]-a<0:
twoBlocks.append(None)
else:
twoBlocks.append(wall[0]-a)
faces.append("d")
elif wall[1]=="r":
if (wall[0]+1)%a!=0:
twoBlocks.append(wall[0]+1)
faces.append("l")
else:
twoBlocks.append(None)
elif wall[1]=="l":
if wall[0]%a!=0:
twoBlocks.append(wall[0]-1)
faces.append("r")
else:
twoBlocks.append(None)
elif wall[1]=="d":
if wall[0]+a>len(self.maze)/4-1:
twoBlocks.append(None)
else:
twoBlocks.append(wall[0]+a)
faces.append("u")
ins=[]
infaces=[]
for i,oneBlock in enumerate(twoBlocks):
if oneBlock in history:
ins.append(oneBlock)
infaces.append(faces[i])
if len(ins)==1:
mirrorFace=None
if infaces[0]=="u":
mirrorFace="d"
elif infaces[0]=="d":
mirrorFace="u"
elif infaces[0]=="r":
mirrorFace="l"
elif infaces[0]=="l":
mirrorFace="r"
if not (None in twoBlocks):
self.maze[(ins[0],infaces[0])]=0
other=None
if ins[0]==twoBlocks[0]:
other=twoBlocks[1]
else:
other=twoBlocks[0]
self.maze[(other,mirrorFace)]=0
walls.remove(wall)
history.append(other)
for face in ["u","l","r","d"]:
if self.maze.get((other,face))==1 and not ((other,face) in walls):
walls.append((other,face))
else:
walls.remove(wall)
continue
elif len(ins)==2:
walls.remove(wall)
def draw(self):
self.screen.fill((255,255,255))
for (n,face),is_wall in self.maze.items():
if is_wall:
y=n//self.a
x=n%self.a
absX=x*self.width
absY=y*self.height
if face=="u":
pygame.draw.line(self.screen,(0,0,0),(absX,absY),(absX+self.width,absY),self.lineWidth)
if face=="d":
pygame.draw.line(self.screen,(0,0,0),(absX,absY+self.height),(absX+self.width,absY+self.height),self.lineWidth)
if face=="l":
pygame.draw.line(self.screen,(0,0,0),(absX,absY),(absX,absY+self.height),self.lineWidth)
if face=="r":
pygame.draw.line(self.screen,(0,0,0),(absX+self.width,absY),(absX+self.width,absY+self.height),self.lineWidth)
def run(self):
while True:
self.listen()
self.draw()
self.refreshWindow()
pygame.display.update()
@staticmethod
def print_text(name,size,text,color):
font=pygame.font.SysFont(name,size)
image=font.render(text,True,color)
return image
if __name__ == '__main__':
game=Game()
game.run()
本次的教学到这里也就结束啦!