Java建立服务端Socket长连接的实现
1. 概述
本文将教会刚入行的小白如何使用Java建立服务端Socket长连接。首先，我们将介绍整个实现流程，并用表格展示每个步骤。接着，我们将逐步详细说明每个步骤需要做什么，并提供相应的代码和注释。
2. 实现流程
下表展示了建立服务端Socket长连接的实现流程：
| 步骤 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| 步骤1 | 创建ServerSocket对象，并指定监听的端口 |
| 步骤2 | 调用ServerSocket的accept()方法等待客户端的连接 |
| 步骤3 | 客户端连接成功后，创建Socket对象 |
| 步骤4 | 获取Socket的输入流和输出流 |
| 步骤5 | 使用输入流读取客户端发送的数据 |
| 步骤6 | 使用输出流向客户端发送数据 |
| 步骤7 | 关闭Socket连接 |
3. 实现步骤
步骤1：创建ServerSocket对象，并指定监听的端口
使用以下代码创建ServerSocket对象，并指定监听的端口。
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
步骤2：调用ServerSocket的accept()方法等待客户端的连接
使用以下代码调用ServerSocket的accept()方法等待客户端的连接。
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket.getInetAddress());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
步骤3：客户端连接成功后，创建Socket对象
使用以下代码在客户端连接成功后创建Socket对象。
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket.getInetAddress());
Socket socket = clientSocket;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
步骤4：获取Socket的输入流和输出流
使用以下代码获取Socket的输入流和输出流。
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket.getInetAddress());
Socket socket = clientSocket;
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
步骤5：使用输入流读取客户端发送的数据
使用以下代码使用输入流读取客户端发送的数据。
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket.getInetAddress());
Socket socket = clientSocket;
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket
