Java建立服务端Socket长连接的实现

1. 概述

本文将教会刚入行的小白如何使用Java建立服务端Socket长连接。首先,我们将介绍整个实现流程,并用表格展示每个步骤。接着,我们将逐步详细说明每个步骤需要做什么,并提供相应的代码和注释。

2. 实现流程

下表展示了建立服务端Socket长连接的实现流程:

步骤 描述
步骤1 创建ServerSocket对象,并指定监听的端口
步骤2 调用ServerSocket的accept()方法等待客户端的连接
步骤3 客户端连接成功后,创建Socket对象
步骤4 获取Socket的输入流和输出流
步骤5 使用输入流读取客户端发送的数据
步骤6 使用输出流向客户端发送数据
步骤7 关闭Socket连接

3. 实现步骤

步骤1:创建ServerSocket对象,并指定监听的端口

使用以下代码创建ServerSocket对象,并指定监听的端口。

import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
            System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

步骤2:调用ServerSocket的accept()方法等待客户端的连接

使用以下代码调用ServerSocket的accept()方法等待客户端的连接。

import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
            System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
            
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket.getInetAddress());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

步骤3:客户端连接成功后,创建Socket对象

使用以下代码在客户端连接成功后创建Socket对象。

import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
            System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
            
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket.getInetAddress());
            
            Socket socket = clientSocket;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

步骤4:获取Socket的输入流和输出流

使用以下代码获取Socket的输入流和输出流。

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
            System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
            
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket.getInetAddress());
            
            Socket socket = clientSocket;
            
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

步骤5:使用输入流读取客户端发送的数据

使用以下代码使用输入流读取客户端发送的数据。

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 8080; // 监听的端口
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
            System.out.println("Server started and listening on port " + port);
            
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("Client connected: " + clientSocket.getInetAddress());
            
            Socket socket = clientSocket;
            
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket