centos7anzhuang mariadb centos7安装mariadb csdn

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mob6454cc788ee7 2024-04-01 16:16:39

文章标签 mariadb linux mysql centos Server 文章分类 计算机视觉人工智能

上一篇文章，自己一顿操作完后，发现centos7之后用MySQL确实是一个问题，最终通过各种尝试虽然也勉强用上了，但是思前想后，了解一番后，尝试在centos上安装使用mariadb，以下是相关安装个过程，主要解决windows上使用navicat访问连接失败的问题。

实际上MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。使用上基本兼容，性能上各有千秋。开始正题，centos7安装mariadb。

1.环境准备

我的系统环境如下。

[root@VM-4-6-centos ~]# uname -a
Linux VM-4-6-centos 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jun 28 15:37:28 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

1.1查看已安装的包

[root@VM-4-6-centos ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

1.2卸载已安装的MySQL相关包

命令：rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-xxxx。

[root@VM-4-6-centos ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch
[root@VM-4-6-centos ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@VM-4-6-centos ~]# ^C

2、安装mariadb

2.1、安装

命令：yum install mariadb-server

在提示Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

2.2、如果下载不成功，清理安装文件

命令：yum clean all

2.3、确认下载安装

centos7anzhuang mariadb centos7安装mariadb csdn_mariadb

2.4、安装完成

此时执行命令rpm -qa | grep mariadb，可以查看安装的内容。

[root@VM-4-6-centos ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

mariadb-server-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

mariadb-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

3、数据库常用命令

1. 启动命令 systemctl start mariadb

2. 重启命令 systemctl restart mariadb

3. 关闭命令 systemctl stop mariadb

4. 开机自起 systemctl enable mariadb

5. 关闭自起 systemctl disable mariadb

4、初始化数据库

4.1、执行命令：mysql_secure_installation

如下所示，提示输入root用户密码, 安装后初次进入，密码为空，直接回车就可以。

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

OK, successfully used password, moving on...

4.2、设置root用户密码

然后弹出是否设置root用户密码，输入y，然后回车

输入新密码，回车后在重复输入确认密码，回车完成密码设置，然后弹出是否删除匿名用户，输入y，回车完成匿名用户删除。

etting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB

root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Password updated successfully!

Reloading privilege tables..

 ... Success!

4.3、删除匿名用户

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone

to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for

them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation

go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a

production environment.

大致翻译为：默认情况下，MariaDB安装具有匿名用户，允许任何人无需创建用户帐户即可登录MariaDB，这仅用于测试，并使安装更加顺利。您应该在进入生产环境之前删除它们。

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y

 ... Success!

4.4、允许root远程登录

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This

ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y

 ... Success!

通常，只允许root从“localhost”连接。这确保有人无法从网络中猜出根密码。

输入y，回车，允许root远程登录，然后选择是否删除test测试库

4.5、删除test测试库

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y

 - Dropping test database...

 ... Success!

 - Removing privileges on test database...

 ... Success!

输入y，回车，删除test库，然后选择是否新加载权限

4.6、重新加载权限

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far

will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB

installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

入y，回车，安装完成！

4.7数据库登录

初始化MariaDB完成，接下来测试登录，如下所示，输入mysql -u root -p

命令和密码登录进去。

[root@VM-4-6-centos ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 13

Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

4.8基本操作

后面的基本操作就基本和MySQL完全类似了。

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

+--------------------+

5.Navicat链接失败问题处理。

按照如下图所示，选择mariaDB或者腾讯云均可，输入正确的主机IP，用户名和口令，点击链接测试出现链接失败的提示。

centos7anzhuang mariadb centos7安装mariadb csdn_Server_02

centos7anzhuang mariadb centos7安装mariadb csdn_mariadb_03

需要分别从以下两步解决。

5.1云服务器防火墙添加放行数据库访问端口

具体更改见各云服务器官网云服务器-管理-防火墙-添加规则，放行3306端口

如果是在虚拟机上安装，则执行systemctl stop firewalld关闭防火墙。

centos7anzhuang mariadb centos7安装mariadb csdn_Server_04

centos7anzhuang mariadb centos7安装mariadb csdn_mysql_05

centos7anzhuang mariadb centos7安装mariadb csdn_mariadb_06

5.2云服务器防火墙添加放行数据库访问端口

在控制台，输入输入mysql -u root -p进入MariaDB操作界面

[root@VM-4-6-centos sysconfig]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 17

Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

输入\s查看MariaDB当前属性

MariaDB [(none)]> \s

--------------

mysql  Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.68-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1



Connection id:       17

Current database: 

Current user:          root@localhost

SSL:                Not in use

Current pager:       stdout

Using outfile:         ''

Using delimiter:     ;

Server:                   MariaDB

Server version:       5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Protocol version:    10

Connection:           Localhost via UNIX socket

Server characterset:      latin1

Db     characterset:   latin1

Client characterset: utf8

Conn.  characterset:    utf8

UNIX socket:          /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

Uptime:                 4 hours 10 min 17 sec

--------------

输入以下命令，为用户名为root，密码为'111111'的用户授予所有表全部权限

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '111111' with grant option;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]>

连接成功~ 可以在Windows端操作CentOS 7云服务器的MariaDB数据库。如下图所示。

centos7anzhuang mariadb centos7安装mariadb csdn_mariadb_07