变量在一个逻辑里的作用是非常小可的!
变量定义
形式:
DECLARE variable_name [,variable_name...] datatype [DEFAULT value];
其中,datatype为MySQL的数据类型,如:int, float, date, varchar(length)
例如:
DECLARE l_int int unsigned DEFAULT 4000000;
DECLARE l_numeric number(8,2) DEFAULT 9.95;
DECLARE l_date date DEFAULT '1999-12-31';
DECLARE l_datetime datetime DEFAULT '1999-12-31 23:59:59';
DECLARE l_varchar varchar(255) DEFAULT 'This will not be padded';
Ⅱ. 变量赋值
SET 变量名 = 表达式值 [,variable_name = expression ...]
Ⅲ. 用户变量
ⅰ. 在MySQL客户端使用用户变量
mysql > SELECT 'Hello World' into @x;
mysql > SELECT @x;
+-------------+
| @x |
+-------------+
| Hello World |
+-------------+
mysql > SET @y='Goodbye Cruel World';
mysql > SELECT @y;
+---------------------+
| @y |
+---------------------+
| Goodbye Cruel World |
+---------------------+
mysql > SET @z=1+2+3;
mysql > SELECT @z;
+------+
| @z |
+------+
| 6 |
+------+
ⅱ. 在存储过程中使用用户变量
mysql > CREATE PROCEDURE GreetWorld( ) SELECT CONCAT(@greeting,' World');
mysql > SET @greeting='Hello';
mysql > CALL GreetWorld( );
+----------------------------+
| CONCAT(@greeting,' World') |
+----------------------------+
| Hello World |
+----------------------------+
ⅲ. 在存储过程间传递全局范围的用户变量
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE p1() SET @last_procedure='p1';
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE p2() SELECT CONCAT('Last procedure was ',@last_proc);
mysql> CALL p1( );
mysql> CALL p2( );
+-----------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Last procedure was ',@last_proc |
+-----------------------------------------------+
| Last procedure was p1 |
+-----------------------------------------------+
注意:
①用户变量名一般以@开头
②滥用用户变量会导致程序难以理解及管理