- 用户登录案例需求:
- 1.编写login.html登陆页面
- username & password 两个输入框
- 2.使用Druid数据库连接池技术,操作mysql,day14数据库中user表
- 3.使用JdbcTemplate技术封装到JDBC
- 4.登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示:登陆成功! 用户名,欢迎您
- 5.登陆失败跳转到FailServlet展示:登陆失败,用户名或密码错误
- 分析:
- 开发步骤:
- 1.创建项目,导入html页面,配置文件,导入jar包 (注意:导入jar包的lib目录要添加到Library中)
- 2.创建数据库环境:在mysql上新建查询,创建数据库和数据表
CREATE DATABASE Login;
USE Login;
CREATE TABLE USER(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
password VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
);
- 3.在src目录下创建包cn.itcast.domain,创建类User
package cn.itcast.domain;
/**
* 用户的实体类(javaBean)
*/
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
- 4.在src目录下创建包cn.itcast.util,创建JDBCUtils类,JDBC工具类,使用Durid连接池
package cn.itcast.utli;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* JDBC工具类,使用Durid连接池
*/
public class JDBCUtils {
private static DataSource ds;
static {
try {
//1.加载配置文件
Properties pro = new Properties();
//使用ClassLoader加载配置文件,获取字节输入流
InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
pro.load(is);
//2.初始化连接池对象
ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取连接池对象
*/
public static DataSource getDataSource(){
return ds;
}
/**
* 获取Connection对象
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
return ds.getConnection();
}
}
- 5.在src目录下创建包cn.itcast.dao,创建UserDao类,提供login方法
package cn.itcast.dao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.utli.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
/**
* 操作数据库中User表的类
*/
public class UserDao {
//声明JDBCTemplate对象共用
private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
/**
* 登陆方法
* @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
* @return user包含用户的全部数据,若没有查询到,返回null
*/
public User login(User loginUser){
try
{
//1.编写sql
String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
//2.调用query方法
User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
return user;
}catch (DataAccessException e){
e.printStackTrace();//记录日志
return null;
}
}
}
- 6.在src目录下创建包cn.itcast.test,创建UserDaoTest类,测试代码
package cn.itcast.test;
import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
public class UserDaoTest {
@Test
public void testLogin(){
User loginuser = new User();
loginuser.setUsername("superman");
loginuser.setPassword("123");
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
User user = dao.login(loginuser);
System.out.println(user);
}
}
- 7.运行 UserDaoTest类,输出如下:
- 8.编写cn.itcast.web.servlet,创LoginServlet类
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.设置编码
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//2.获取请求参数
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
//3.封装user对象
User loginUser = new User();
loginUser.setUsername(username);
loginUser.setPassword(password);
//4.调用UserDao的login方法
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
User user = dao.login(loginUser);
//5.判断user
if (user == null){
//登陆失败
req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
}else {
//登陆成功
//存储数据
req.setAttribute("user",user);
//转发
req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req, resp);
}
}
- 9.在cn.itcast.web.servlet下分别创建FailServlet类和SuccessServlet类,分别表示登录成功和登录失败时在页面上打印的结果。
- FileServlet类:
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/failServlet")
public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登陆失败,用户名或密码错误!");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
- SuccessServlet类:
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取request域中共享的user对象
User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
if(user != null){
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登陆成功!"+user.getUsername()+",欢迎你");
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
- 10.启动服务器,在浏览器地址栏输入:
http://localhost:8080/day14_test/login.html
,跳转到登录页面,在form表单中输入正确的用户名和密码,会跳转到如下页面,输出如图:
若输入错误:
且服务器后台会抛出异常:
抛出该异常的原因是输入的用户名或密码不正确,在数据库中找不到与之对应的用户名和密码,故抛出异常。一般来说,这样的异常不会打印到控制台,都用log日志保存到文件上。 - 11.login.html中form表单的action路径的写法
- 虚拟目录+Servlet的资源路径