本文只是介绍简单的OC与JS交互

一、OC调用JS

<html>
    <header>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"; charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>zhaoName制作的网页</title>
    </header>

    <script Type = "text/javascript">
        function login()
        {
            return 100;
        }
    </script>

    <body>
        电话:10086
        <button style="background:red; width:120px; height:30px;">call</button>
    </body>
</html>

调用webView的方法

// 获取网页的标题
self.title = [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.title"];
// 调用JS中的函数
NSLog(@"%@", [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"login();"]);

该方法返回一个字符串,注意它是一个同步方法,若使用它执行非常耗时的操作会导致界面的卡顿。有两个解决方案:
1>使用官方推荐webView方法evaluateJavaScript:completionHandler:
2>自定义一个延迟执行方法来防止阻塞,或将方法放到setTimeout 中

JS与OC交互 Demo oc与js交互 面试题_方法名


二、JS调用OC

<html>
    <header>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"; charset="UTF-8"/>
        <title>zhaoName制作的网页</title>
    </header>

    <script Type = "text/javascript">
        function login()
        {
            location.href = 'zhaoName://openLibrary';
        }
    </script>

    <body>
        电话:10086
        <button style="background:red; width:120px; height:30px;" onclick="login();">call</button>
        <br>
        <a href="https://github.com/zhaoName">zhaoName的Git</a>
    </body>
</html>

以下都是点击webView上的按钮”call”,调用OC中的方法

1、没有参数

/**
 * 通过这个方法完成JS调OC
 */
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType
{
    NSString *url = @"zhaoname://";

    if ([request.URL.absoluteString hasPrefix:url])
    {
        NSString *methodName = [request.URL.absoluteString substringFromIndex:url.length];
        [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(methodName) withObject:nil];
        return NO;
    }

    NSLog(@"想加载网络请求,不想做JS调用OC");
    return YES;
}

- (void)openLibrary
{
    NSLog(@"JS调用OC方法--%s", __func__);
}

JS与OC交互 Demo oc与js交互 面试题_javascript_02


2、一个参数

上面HTML中函数修改为

function login()
{
    location.href = 'zhaoName://sendMessage_?How are you';
}

OC获取的路径path会自动删除’:’,所以此处用’_’代替。参数用?分割。(实际开发中需要你和写HTML的人共同制定JS调OC的规则)

/**
 * 通过这个方法完成JS掉OC
 */
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType
{
    NSString *url = @"zhaoname://";

    if ([request.URL.absoluteString hasPrefix:url])
    {
        // 路径
        NSString *path = [request.URL.absoluteString substringFromIndex:url.length];
        NSArray *subPaths = [path componentsSeparatedByString:@"?"];
        // 获取方法名
        NSString *methodName = [subPaths.firstObject stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"_" withString:@":"];
        // 参数
        NSString *para = subPaths.lastObject;
        [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(methodName) withObject:para];
        return NO;
    }

    NSLog(@"想加载网络请求,不想做JS调用OC");
    return YES;
}


- (void)sendMessage:(NSString *)message
{
    NSLog(@"JS调用OC方法--%s 参数:%@", __func__, message);
}

JS与OC交互 Demo oc与js交互 面试题_iOS_03


3、两个参数

上面HTML中函数修改为

function login()
{
     location.href = 'zhaoName://sendMessage_sendName_?hehe&zhaoName';
}

‘:’用’_’代替,方法名和参数用’?’分割,参数之间用’&’分割

/**
 * 通过这个方法完成JS掉OC
 */
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType
{
    NSString *url = @"zhaoname://";

    if ([request.URL.absoluteString hasPrefix:url])
    {
        // 路径
        NSString *path = [request.URL.absoluteString substringFromIndex:url.length];
        NSArray *subPaths = [path componentsSeparatedByString:@"?"];
        // 获取方法名
        NSString *methodName = [subPaths.firstObject stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"_" withString:@":"];
        // 参数
        NSArray *paras = nil;
        // 防止出现无参数的情况
        if(subPaths.count == 2 || [subPaths.lastObject containsString:@"&"])
        {
             paras = [subPaths.lastObject componentsSeparatedByString:@"&"];

        }
        // 防止出现参数为空的情况
        NSString *firstPara = paras.firstObject;
        NSString *secondPara = paras.count <= 1 ? nil : paras.lastObject;
        [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(methodName) withObject:firstPara withObject:secondPara];

        return NO;
    }

    NSLog(@"想加载网络请求,不想做JS调用OC");
    return YES;
}


- (void)sendMessage:(NSString *)message sendName:(NSString *)sendName
{
    NSLog(@"JS调用OC方法--%s 参数:%@ %@", __func__, message, sendName);
}

JS与OC交互 Demo oc与js交互 面试题_iOS_04


4、三个及以上的参数

系统自带的方法performSelector最多只能传两个参数,所以有三个及以上的参数我们要借助NSInvocation类。

NSObject+Invocation.h文件

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface NSObject (Invocation)


/**
 * 基于NSObject封装一个可用于JS调用OC方法的分类,适用于参数可有可无,可有多个

 @param selector 方法名
 @param parameters 参数
 @return 返回值
 */
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)selector withParameters:(NSArray *)parameters;

@end

NSObject+Invocation.m文件

#import "NSObject+Invocation.h"

@implementation NSObject (Invocation)

- (id)performSelector:(SEL)selector withParameters:(NSArray *)parameters
{
    // 方法签名
    NSMethodSignature *signature = [[self class] instanceMethodSignatureForSelector:selector];
    if(signature == nil) return nil;
    // 利用NSIvocation可以包装一次方法调用(设置方法调用者、方法名、参数、返回值)
    NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:signature];

    // 设置方法调用者
    invocation.target = self;
    // 设置方法名
    invocation.selector = selector;
    // 设置方法参数 注意参数下标从2开始,0、1被系统占用
    for(int i=0; i<parameters.count; i++)
    {
        id object = parameters[i];
        if([object isKindOfClass:[NSNull class]]) continue;
        [invocation setArgument:&object atIndex:i+2];
    }

    // 执行
    [invocation invoke];

    // 设置返回值
    id returnValue = nil;
    // 兼顾没有返回值的方法
    if(signature.methodReturnLength != 0)
    {
        [invocation getReturnValue:&returnValue];// 说明此方法有返回值
    }
    return returnValue;
}

@end

上面HTML中函数修改为

function login()
{
    location.href = 'zhaoName://sendMessage_sendName_reviceName_?hehe&zhaoName&nicai';
}
/**
 * 通过这个方法完成JS掉OC
 */
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType
{
    NSString *url = @"zhaoname://";

    if ([request.URL.absoluteString hasPrefix:url])
    {
        // 路径
        NSString *path = [request.URL.absoluteString substringFromIndex:url.length];
        NSArray *subPaths = [path componentsSeparatedByString:@"?"];
        // 获取方法名
        NSString *methodName = [subPaths.firstObject stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"_" withString:@":"];
        // 参数
        NSArray *paras = [subPaths.lastObject componentsSeparatedByString:@"&"];
        // 调用OC中的方法 并获取返回值
        NSString *result = [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(methodName) withParameters:paras];
        NSLog(@"%@", result);
        return NO;
    }

    NSLog(@"想加载网络请求,不想做JS调用OC");
    return YES;
}


- (NSString *)sendMessage:(NSString *)message sendName:(NSString *)sendName reviceName:(NSString *)reviceName
{
    NSLog(@"JS调用OC方法--%s 参数:%@ %@ %@", __func__, message, sendName, reviceName);
    return @"发信息";
}

JS与OC交互 Demo oc与js交互 面试题_iOS_05