HttpClient以及微信小程序入门

HttpClient

介绍

HttpClient是Apache Jakarta Common下的子项目，可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支

持HTTP协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP协议最新的版本和建议。

核心API

• HttpClient
• HttpClients
• Closeable
• HttpClient
• HttpGet
• HttpPost

发送请求步骤

• 创建HttpClient对象
• 创建Http请求对象
• 调用HttpClient的execute方法发送请求

入门案列

/**
     * 测试通过Httpclient发送GET方式请求
     */
    @Test
    public void testGET() throws Exception{
        //创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        //创建请求对象
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8080/user/shop/status");

        //发送请求
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

        //获取服务端返回状态码
        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        System.out.println("服务端返回的状态码为:"+statusCode);

        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
        System.out.println("服务端返回的数据为:"+body);

        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();

    }

/**
     * 测试通过Httpclient发送GET方式请求
     */
    @Test
    public void testPOST() throws Exception{
        //创建httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        //创建请求对象
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/admin/employee/login");

        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("username","admin");
        jsonObject.put("password","123456");

        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString());
        //指定请求方式
        entity.setContentEncoding("utf-8");
        //数据格式
        entity.setContentType("application/json");
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);

        //发送请求
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

        //解析返回结果

        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        System.out.println("响应码："+statusCode);

        HttpEntity entity1 = response.getEntity();
        String body = EntityUtils.toString(entity1);
        System.out.println("响应数据为"+body);
        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();


    }

为了后续使用的方便我们将它封装成一个工具类

package com.sky.utils;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Http工具类
 */
public class HttpClientUtil {

    static final  int TIMEOUT_MSEC = 5 * 1000;

    /**
     * 发送GET方式请求
     * @param url
     * @param paramMap
     * @return
     */
    public static String doGet(String url,Map<String,String> paramMap){
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        String result = "";
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try{
            URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
            if(paramMap != null){
                for (String key : paramMap.keySet()) {
                    builder.addParameter(key,paramMap.get(key));
                }
            }
            URI uri = builder.build();

            //创建GET请求
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

            //发送请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

            //判断响应状态
            if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
                result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                response.close();
                httpClient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 发送POST方式请求
     * @param url
     * @param paramMap
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws IOException {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";

        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            // 创建参数列表
            if (paramMap != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList();
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : paramMap.entrySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(param.getKey(), param.getValue()));
                }
                // 模拟表单
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }

            httpPost.setConfig(builderRequestConfig());

            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw e;
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }

    /**
     * 发送POST方式请求
     * @param url
     * @param paramMap
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String doPost4Json(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws IOException {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";

        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            if (paramMap != null) {
                //构造json格式数据
                JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : paramMap.entrySet()) {
                    jsonObject.put(param.getKey(),param.getValue());
                }
                StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString(),"utf-8");
                //设置请求编码
                entity.setContentEncoding("utf-8");
                //设置数据类型
                entity.setContentType("application/json");
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }

            httpPost.setConfig(builderRequestConfig());

            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw e;
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }
    private static RequestConfig builderRequestConfig() {
        return RequestConfig.custom()
                .setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC)
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC)
                .setSocketTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC).build();
    }

}

微信小程序

介绍

小程序是一种新的开放能力，开发者可以快速地开发一个小程序。小程序可以在微信内被便捷地获取和传播，同时具有出色的使用体验。

首先得去注册

不同的主体对应着不同的权限

准备工作

开发微信小程序之前需要做如下准备工作：

• 注册小程序
• 完善小程序信息
• 下载开发者工具

注册小程序

注册地址：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wxopen/waregister?actinotallow=step1

完善小程序信息

下载开发者工具

入门案例

操作步骤

• 了解小程序目录结构
• 编写小程序代码
• 编译小程序

小程序目录结构

一个小程序页面由四个文件组成：

微信登录

微信登录流程

参考微信官方文档

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/framework/open-ability/login.html

   

//获取微信用户的头像和昵称
  getUserInfo(){
    wx.getUserProfile({
      desc: '获取用户信息',
      success:(res) =>{
        console.log(res.userInfo)
        //为数据赋值
        this.setData({
          nickName:res.userInfo.nickName,
          url: res.userInfo.avatarUrl
        })
      }
    })
  },

  //微信登录，获取微信吧用户的授权码
  wxLogin(){
    wx.login({
      success : (res)=>{
          console.log(res.code)
          this.setData({
            code: res.code
          })
      }
    })
  },