[oracle@db01 32545013]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/
[oracle@db01 OPatch]$ ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.17

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@db01 32545013]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@db01 dbhome_1]$ mv OPatch/ OPatchbak 
[oracle@db01 dbhome_1]$ unzip /tmp/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@db01 OPatch]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch
[oracle@db01 OPatch]$ ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.27

OPatch succeeded.

OPatch 的版本上来了，就可以进行其他的操作了。