Android6.0运行时权限。_运行时权限


一、集成三方库PermissionsDispatcher

Android6.0运行时权限。_android_02


1.添加依赖

a. project目录下的build.gradle文件


classpath 'com.neenbedankt.gradle.plugins:android-apt:1.8'

b. app目录下的build.gradle文件


compile 'com.github.hotchemi:permissionsdispatcher:2.2.0'
apt 'com.github.hotchemi:permissionsdispatcher-processor:2.2.0'


2.给Activity或者Fragment注册


@RuntimePermissions
public class LoginActivity extends AppCompatActivity{

因为考虑到兼容性，所以Activity得继承AppCompatActivity



3.实现五个方法


/**
     * 处理当用户允许该权限时需要处理的方法（括号里面是当前需要请求的权限）
     */
    @NeedsPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
    void doACacheNeedsPermission() {
        //do something
    }
    @OnShowRationale(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
    void ACacheShowRationale(PermissionRequest request) {
        request.proceed(); // 提示用户权限使用的对话框
    }

    @OnNeverAskAgain(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
    void ACacheOnNeverAskAgain() {
        new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                .setPositiveButton("重新设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(@NonNull DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                        intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
                        startActivity(intent);
                    }
                })
                .setNegativeButton("取消", null)
                .setCancelable(false)
                .setMessage("您已拒绝授予权限")
                .show();
    }

    /**
     * 如果用户拒绝该权限执行的方法
     */
    @OnPermissionDenied(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
    void ACacheOnPermissionDenied() {
        MyUtil.showToast("真的确定拒绝授予权限吗");
    }
    /**
     * 权限请求回调，提示用户之后，用户点击“允许”或者“拒绝”之后调用此方法
     * @param requestCode  定义的权限编码
     * @param permissions 权限名称
     * @param grantResults 允许/拒绝
     */
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        LoginActivityPermissionsDispatcher.onRequestPermissionsResult(this, requestCode, grantResults);
    }


4.调用

比如是一个点击事件

case R.id.btn:
                //6.0权限
                LoginActivityPermissionsDispatcher.doACacheNeedsPermissionWithCheck(this);
                break;

LoginActivityPermissionsDispatcher.doACacheNeedsPermissionWithCheck(this);这个文件是没有的，需要build一下就行了。


二、Android6.0M权限管理实战,完美轻量级封装


1.第一步：检测所有的权限是否都已授权


/**
      * 检测所有的权限是否都已授权
      *
      * @param permissions
      * @return
      */
     private boolean checkPermissions(String[] permissions) {
         if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
             return true;
         }

         for (String permission : permissions) {
             if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) !=
                     PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
         return true;
     }

2.第二步：获取权限集中需要申请权限的列表


/**
     * 获取权限集中需要申请权限的列表
     *
     * @param permissions
     * @return
     */
    private List<String> getDeniedPermissions(String[] permissions) {
        List<String> needRequestPermissionList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String permission : permissions) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) !=
                    PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
                    ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)) {
                needRequestPermissionList.add(permission);
            }
        }
        return needRequestPermissionList;
    }

3.第三步：请求权限


/**
     * 请求权限
     *
     * @param permissions 请求的权限
     * @param requestCode 请求权限的请求码
     */
    public void requestPermission(String[] permissions, int requestCode) {
        this.REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION = requestCode;
        if (checkPermissions(permissions)) {
            permissionSuccess(REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION);
        } else {
            List<String> needPermissions = getDeniedPermissions(permissions);
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, needPermissions.toArray(new String[needPermissions.size()]), REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION);
        }
    }

4.第四步：处理权限请求回调


/**
     * 系统请求权限回调
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION) {
            if (verifyPermissions(grantResults)) {
                permissionSuccess(REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION);
            } else {
                permissionFail(REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION);
                showTipsDialog();
            }
        }
    }

5.第五步：查看处理权限请求回调用户是否已经授权


/**
     * 确认所有的权限是否都已授权
     *
     * @param grantResults
     * @return
     */
    private boolean verifyPermissions(int[] grantResults) {
        for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
            if (grantResult != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

6.第六步：授权成功处理函数


/**
     * 获取权限成功
     *
     * @param requestCode
     */
    public void permissionSuccess(int requestCode) {
        Log.d(TAG, "获取权限成功=" + requestCode);

    }

7.第七步：授权失败处理函数与弹出用户提示


/**
     * 权限获取失败
     * @param requestCode
     */
    public void permissionFail(int requestCode) {
        Log.d(TAG, "获取权限失败=" + requestCode);
    }

    /**
     * 显示提示对话框
     */
    private void showTipsDialog() {
        new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                .setTitle("提示信息")
                .setMessage("当前应用缺少必要权限，该功能暂时无法使用。如若需要，请单击【确定】按钮前往设置中心进行权限授权。")
                .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    }
                })
                .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        startAppSettings();
                    }
                }).show();
    }

8.第八步：授权失败给用户提示后想再次开启跳到设置app权限界面


/**
     * 启动当前应用设置页面
     */
    private void startAppSettings() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
        intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
        startActivity(intent);
    }


一）完整代码： 


package cn.bluemobi.dylan.mpermissions;

import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by yuandl on 2016-11-16.
 */

public class MPermissionsActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private final String TAG = "MPermissions";
    private int REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION = 0x00099;

    /**
     * 请求权限
     *
     * @param permissions 请求的权限
     * @param requestCode 请求权限的请求码
     */
    public void requestPermission(String[] permissions, int requestCode) {
        this.REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION = requestCode;
        if (checkPermissions(permissions)) {
            permissionSuccess(REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION);
        } else {
            List<String> needPermissions = getDeniedPermissions(permissions);
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, needPermissions.toArray(new String[needPermissions.size()]), REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 检测所有的权限是否都已授权
     *
     * @param permissions
     * @return
     */
    private boolean checkPermissions(String[] permissions) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            return true;
        }

        for (String permission : permissions) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) !=
                    PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 获取权限集中需要申请权限的列表
     *
     * @param permissions
     * @return
     */
    private List<String> getDeniedPermissions(String[] permissions) {
        List<String> needRequestPermissionList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String permission : permissions) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) !=
                    PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
                    ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)) {
                needRequestPermissionList.add(permission);
            }
        }
        return needRequestPermissionList;
    }


    /**
     * 系统请求权限回调
     *
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION) {
            if (verifyPermissions(grantResults)) {
                permissionSuccess(REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION);
            } else {
                permissionFail(REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSION);
                showTipsDialog();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 确认所有的权限是否都已授权
     *
     * @param grantResults
     * @return
     */
    private boolean verifyPermissions(int[] grantResults) {
        for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
            if (grantResult != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 显示提示对话框
     */
    private void showTipsDialog() {
        new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                .setTitle("提示信息")
                .setMessage("当前应用缺少必要权限，该功能暂时无法使用。如若需要，请单击【确定】按钮前往设置中心进行权限授权。")
                .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    }
                })
                .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        startAppSettings();
                    }
                }).show();
    }

    /**
     * 启动当前应用设置页面
     */
    private void startAppSettings() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
        intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    /**
     * 获取权限成功
     *
     * @param requestCode
     */
    public void permissionSuccess(int requestCode) {
        Log.d(TAG, "获取权限成功=" + requestCode);

    }

    /**
     * 权限获取失败
     * @param requestCode
     */
    public void permissionFail(int requestCode) {
        Log.d(TAG, "获取权限失败=" + requestCode);
    }
}

二）用法：

1.布局文件activity_main.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="cn.bluemobi.dylan.mpermissions.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick1"
        android:text="打电话" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick2"
        android:text="写SD卡" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick3"
        android:text="拍照" />
</LinearLayout>

2.MainActivity中使用：继承MPermissionsActivity即可


package cn.bluemobi.dylan.mpermissions;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends MPermissionsActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    /**
     * 打电话
     *
     * @param view
     */
    public void onClick1(View view) {
        requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE}, 0x0001);
    }

    /**
     * 写SD卡
     *
     * @param view
     */
    public void onClick2(View view) {
        requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 0x0002);
    }

    /**
     * 拍照
     *
     * @param view
     */
    public void onClick3(View view) {
        requestPermission(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, 0x0003);
    }

    /**
     * 权限成功回调函数
     *
     * @param requestCode
     */
    @Override
    public void permissionSuccess(int requestCode) {
        super.permissionSuccess(requestCode);
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 0x0001:
                Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:13468857714"));
                startActivity(intent);
                break;
        }

    }

}