实验三 Windows 应用程序开发
一、实验目的
1. 掌握窗口控件的使用方法；
2. 掌握Windows 的编程基础。
二、实验要求
根据要求，编写 C#程序，并将程序代码和运行结果写入实验报告。
三、实验内容
1．编写一个计算器，练习在窗体上添加控件、调整控件的布局，设置或修改控件属性，
编写事件处理程序的方法。
(1)新建 windows 应用程序。在窗体 Form 上拖放一个 TextBox 控件、十六个 Button 控
件，整个窗体布局如下图所示。
(2)打开代码窗口，添加如下全局变量：
double a = 0;
double b = 0;
bool c = false;
string d;
(3)双击”1”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "1";
}
(4)双击”2”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox2.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "2";
}
(5)双击”3”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox3.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "3";
}
(6)双击”4”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "4";
}
(7)双击”5”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "5";
}
(8)双击”6”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "6";
}
(8)双击”7”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "7";
}
(10)双击”8”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button8_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "8";
}
(11)双击”9”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "9";
}
(12)双击”0”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button12_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "0";
if (d == "/")
{
textBox1.Clear();
MessageBox.Show("除数不能为零", "错误提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK,
MessageBoxIcon.Warning);
}
}
(13)双击”+”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button13_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = true;
b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text);
d = "+";
}
(14)双击”-”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button16_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = true;
b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text);
d = "-";
}
(15)双击”*”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button15_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = true;
b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text);
d = "*";
}
(16)双击”/”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button14_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = true;
b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text);
d = "/";
}
(17)双击”=”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button17_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
switch (d)
{
case "+": a = b + double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break;
case "-": a = b - double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break;
case "*": a = b * double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break;
case "/": a = b / double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break;
}
textBox1.Text = a + "";
c = true;
}
(18)双击”c”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button18_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
}
(19)单击启动调试工具，运行计算器。
(20)在计算器中，增加四个功能键：x2，sqrt，log, ln 四个键，分别计算求平方，开方，
log，ln 值，将增加的代码写入实验报告。
实验截图：
实验代码：
我把功能全集中在按钮一中，方便编写
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace 计算器
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
int num1;
string optType;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Button btn = (Button)sender;
Console.WriteLine(btn.Text);
String text = btn.Text;
if (text == "+" || text == "-" || text == "*" || text == "/"||text == "log")
{ if (textBox1.Text != "")
{
num1 = int.Parse(textBox1.Text);//保存第一个数字
textBox1.Text = "";
optType = text;
}
}
else if(text == "X2" || text == "sqrt" || text == "ln")
{
optType = text;
}
else if(text=="=")
{
int num2 = int.Parse(textBox1.Text);
Double result = 0;
if(optType=="+")
{
result = num1 + num2;
}
else if(optType=="-")
{
result = num1 - num2;
}
else if (optType=="*")
{
result = num1 * num2;
}
else if (optType=="/")
{
if (num2 != 0)
{
result = num1 / num2;
}
else
MessageBox.Show("除数不能为零", "错误提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK,MessageBoxIcon.Warning);
}
else if(optType=="X2")
{
result = num2 * num2;
}
else if (optType == "sqrt")
{
result = Math.Sqrt(num2);
}
else if (optType == "log")
{
if (num1>0)
{
result = Math.Log(num2,num1);
}
else
MessageBox.Show("log第一个的底必须大于零", "错误提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Warning);
}
else if (optType == "ln")
{
result = Math.Log(num2);
}
textBox1.Text = result.ToString();
}
else if(text=="delete")
{
if (textBox1.Text != "")
{
String tempStr = textBox1.Text;
tempStr = tempStr.Substring(0, tempStr.Length - 1);
textBox1.Text = tempStr;
}
}
else if(text=="clear")
{
textBox1.Text = "";
num1 = 0;
optType = "";
}
else
{
string tempStr = textBox1.Text;
tempStr = tempStr + text;
textBox1.Text = tempStr;
}
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void button15_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btn3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.btn2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.btn3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.btn4.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.btn5.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.btn6.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.btn7.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.btn8.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.btn9.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.btn0.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonjian.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonjia.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.clear.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonjisuan.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttondelete.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonchu.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonchen.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonX2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonsqrt.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonlog.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
this.buttonln.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
}
private void btn4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btn5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btn6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btn7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btn8_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btn9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btn0_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void buttonchu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void button1_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
}
}
2．自己设计并编写一个 Windows 应用程序，要求用到 TextBox、GroupBox、
RadioButton、CheckBox、ComboBox、ListBox 控件。将程序功能、界面布局和运行结果
的截图与事件代码写在实验报告中。
在右边的填写会在左边进行显示；
实验源码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace 简单应用程序
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Close();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (textBox2.Text != "") { label8.Text = textBox2.Text; } //姓名
else MessageBox.Show("姓名不能为空！\n");
if (radioButton1.Checked) { label9.Text = radioButton1.Text; } //男
if (radioButton2.Checked) { label9.Text = radioButton2.Text; } //女
if (checkBox1.CheckState == CheckState.Checked) { label20.Text = checkBox1.Text; }//看书
else label20.Text = "";
if (checkBox2.CheckState == CheckState.Checked) { label21.Text = checkBox2.Text; }//编程
else label21.Text = "";
if (checkBox3.CheckState == CheckState.Checked) { label22.Text = checkBox3.Text; }//羽毛球
else label22.Text = "";
if (checkBox3.CheckState == CheckState.Checked) { label23.Text = checkBox4.Text; }//羽毛球
else label23.Text = "";
if (checkBox1.CheckState == CheckState.Unchecked && checkBox2.CheckState == CheckState.Unchecked && checkBox3.CheckState == CheckState.Unchecked && checkBox4.CheckState == CheckState.Unchecked) { MessageBox.Show("选个爱好吧！\n"); }
if (comboBox1.Text != "") { label11.Text = comboBox1.Text; }//班级
else MessageBox.Show("班级不能为空！\n");
if (listBox1.Text != "") { label12.Text = listBox1.Text; } //座右铭
else MessageBox.Show("选个座右铭吧！\n");
}
}
}
四、实验总结
本次实验对c#的语法，以及控件的使用，有了更加深刻的认识
熟悉了对控件，name以及text以及其他的一些属性的了解，对代码有了更加深入的了解。
中间遇到，修改前端代码，会自动检索后端的代码的关键字然后同步修改，某些时候会造成不必要的错误；
然后就是textbox控件无法设为透明显示，最后用label实现了相同的效果。
