负载均衡服务器策略：
1.轮循 每个请求逐个分发到后端服务器
2.加权轮循 按照分配的权重将请求分发到后端服务器
3.ip hash 轮询的基础上，保持一个客户端多次请求分发到一台后端服务器上
一、轮询配置
#定义后端服务器组
upstream nginx-test{
server 192.168.0.128;
server 192.168.0.127;
}
server {
listen 8080;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
root "G:/phpstudy/nginx/html";
location / {
index index.html index.htm index.php l.php;
autoindex on;
proxy_pass http://nginx-test;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ \.php(.*)$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9001;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
二、轮询加权配置
#定义后端服务器组
upstream nginx-test{
server 192.168.0.128 weight=2;
server 192.168.0.127;
server 192.168.0.126 backup; # 备份服务器，其他服务器宕机后启动
}
server {
listen 8080;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
root "G:/phpstudy/nginx/html";
location / {
index index.html index.htm index.php l.php;
autoindex on;
proxy_pass http://nginx-test;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
三、IP Hash配置
#定义后端服务器组
upstream nginx-test{
ip_hash;
server 192.168.0.128;
server 192.168.0.127;
server 192.168.0.126;
}
server {
listen 8080;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
root "G:/phpstudy/nginx/html";
location / {
index index.html index.htm index.php l.php;
autoindex on;
proxy_pass http://nginx-test;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
四、负载均衡与反向代理区别
1、负载均衡需要通过反向代理来实现
2、反向代理就是指nginx作为前端服务器，将请求转发到后端，再将后端服务器的结果，返回给客户端
它在中间做了一个代理服务器的角色
3、负载均衡对反向代理增加了一些策略，因为后端是多台服务器，nginx会根据设定的策略将请求转发给一个相对空闲的服务器，对负载进行分流，减轻服务器压力
五、反向代理配置
#定义后端服务器组
upstream nginx-test{
server 192.168.0.127;
}
server {
listen 8080;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
root "G:/phpstudy/nginx/html";
#代理配置参数
proxy_connect_timeout 180;
proxy_send_timeout 180;
proxy_read_timeout 180;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarder-For $remote_addr;
location / {
proxy_pass http://nginx-test;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
