前言
： 实践是检验真理的唯一需求
前提
1.当前环境已安装Hadoop全分布系统 2.本地安装的有MySQL数据库 3.MySQL的JDBC安装包 4.Hive安装包
操作
1.解压安装包
tar -zvxf /安装包的安装路径 -C /解压后的安装路径
2.更改名字（将带版本号的hive 改成hive）
mv /解压后hive所在路径 /更改名字后的路径
3.修改归属用户
chown -R hadoop:hadoop /hive的路径
4.环境配置
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
设置防火墙服务开机不启动
systemctl disable firewalld
5.卸载Linux系统中自带的MariaDB
查询已安装的 MariaDB
rpm -qa | grep MariaDB
卸载MariaDB
rpm -e --nodeps 刚刚查询出来的软件包
6.安装 MySql 数据库
进入安装包所在路径
解压三个安装包(依据你的安装包后缀使用该命令)
mysql-community-common
mysql-community-libs
mysql-community-client
7.安装mysql server安装包(依据你的安装包后缀使用该命令)
mysql-community-server
8.修改MySQL数据库配置
vi /etc/my.cnf
symbolic-links=0
设置 innodb 为默认的存储引擎
default-storage-engine=innodb
设置每个表的数据单独保存，而不是统一保存在 innodb 系统表空间中，单独保存有方便管理和提升性能两方面优势。
innodb_file_per_table
设置支持中文编码字符集
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
设置用户登录到数据库之后，在执行第一次查询之前执行 SET NAME utf8 命令，将使用的字符编码设定为utf8
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
将MySQL服务器字符集设定为交8
character-set-server=utf8
9.启动Mysql 数据库
systemctl start mysqld
10.查询Mysql数据库状态
systemctl status mysqld
若显示的是active（running）
则运行的正常
若mysql 的进程状态是failed，则表示 mysql 数库显示启动异常，此时需要排查 /etc/my.cnf
11.查询MySql数据库默认密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
12.Mysql 数据库初始化
初始化数据库
mysql_secure_installation
Enter password for user root:
# 输入/var/log/mysqld.log 文件中查询到的默认 root 用户登录密码
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.
Estimated strength of the password: 100
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other
key for No) : y
New password: # 输入新密码 Password123$
Re-enter new password: # 再次输入新密码 Password123$
Estimated strength of the password: 100
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y
for Yes, any other key for No) : y # 输入 y
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for
No) : y # 输入 y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key
for No) : n # 输入 n
... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any
other key for No) : y # 输入 y - Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changesmade
so far will take effect immediately.Reload privilege tables now?
(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y # 输入 ySuccess.All done!
13.添加root用户从本地和远程访问Mysql数据库表单的授权
mysql -uroot -p
exit；
14.配置Hive
设置HIve环境变量
vi /etc/profile
# set hive environment
export HIVE_HOVE = /usr/local/src/hive
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
使环境变量配置生效
source /etc/profile
15.修改Hive组件配置文件
su - hadoop
cp /hive的路径/conf/hive-default.xml.template /hive的路径/conf/hive-site.xml
16. 修改 hive-site.xml 文件实现 Hive 连接 Mysql 数据库，并设定Hive临时文件存储路径
vi /hive的路径/conf/hive-site.xml
1）设置 MySQL 数据库连接。
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://master:3306/hive?
createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useSSL=false</value>
<description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
2）配置 MySQL 数据库 root 的密码。
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>Password123$</value>
<description>password to use againsts database</description>
</property>
3）验证元数据存储版本一致性。若默认 false，则不用修改。
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
<value>false</value>
<description>
Enforce metastore schema version consistency.
True: Verify that version information stored in is compatible with one from
Hive jars. Also disable automatic
False: Warn if the version information stored in metastore doesn't match
with one from in Hive jars.
</description>
</property>
4）配置数据库驱动。
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
<description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
5）配置数据库用户名 javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName 为 root。
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>root</value>
<description>Username to use against metastore database</description>
</property>
6）将以下位置的 ${system:java.io.tmpdir}/${system:user.name} 替换为
“/usr/local/src/hive/tmp”目录及其子目录。
需要替换以下 4 处配置内容：
<name>hive.querylog.location</name>
<value>/usr/local/src/hive/tmp</value>
<description>Location of Hive run time structured log
file</description>
<name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
<value>/usr/local/src/hive/tmp</value>
<name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/src/hive/tmp/resources</value>
<name>hive.server2.logging.operation.log.location</name>
<value>/usr/local/src/hive/tmp/operation_logs</value>
7）在 Hive 安装目录中创建临时文件夹 tmp。
[hadoop@master ~]$ mkdir /usr/local/src/hive/tmp
至此，Hive 组件安装和配置完成
15.初始化 hive 元数据
cp /mysql-connector-java路径 /hive的路径/lib/
16.重新启动hadoop即可
dxc lib
stop-all.sh
start-all.sh
dxc
schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql
17.启动 hive
dxc
hive
