WCF - 泛型

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mob604757027d04 2011-05-10 13:54:00

在《Programming WCF Services》中有这么一段话 "You cannot define WCF contracts that rely on generic type parameters. Generics are specific to .NET, and using them would violate the service-oriented nature of WCF. "，意思是说 "我们不能定义依赖泛型参数的 WCF 契约，因为这违反了面向服务的基本原则……"。

其实我们是可以使用泛型的，只不过在添加宿主和端点时，需要提供封闭构造参数。看下面的例子。

[DataContract]
public class Data<T>
{
    [DataMember]
    public T X;
}

[ServiceContract]
public interface IMyService<T>
{
    [OperationContract]
    void Test(Data<T> d);
}

public class MyServie<T> : IMyService<T>
{
    public void Test(Data<T> d)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(d.X);
    }
}

public class WcfTest
{
    public static void Test()
    {
        ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(MyServie<int>), 
            new Uri("http://localhost:8080/MyService"));
        host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IMyService<int>), new BasicHttpBinding(), "");

        ServiceMetadataBehavior metadata = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
        metadata.HttpGetEnabled = true;
        host.Description.Behaviors.Add(metadata);

        host.Open();
    }
}

可以是可以，不过生成的客户端代理类型名字有够怪的。 (当然，我们可以使用 Name 强行指定一个 "好看" 的名字。)

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <auto-generated>
//     此代码由工具生成。
//     运行库版本:2.0.50727.42
//
//     对此文件的更改可能会导致不正确的行为，并且如果
//     重新生成代码，这些更改将会丢失。
// </auto-generated>
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace ConsoleApplication1.localhost
{
    [GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Runtime.Serialization", "3.0.0.0")]
    [DataContractAttribute(Namespace = "...")]
    [SerializableAttribute()]
    public partial class DataOfint : object, IExtensibleDataObject
    {
    }

    [GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "3.0.0.0")]
    [ServiceContractAttribute(ConfigurationName = "ConsoleApplication1.localhost.IMyServiceOf_Int32")]
    public interface IMyServiceOf_Int32
    {
        [OperationContractAttribute(Action = "http://.../IMyServiceOf_Int32/Test", ReplyAction = "...")]
        void Test(DataOfint d);
    }

    [GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "3.0.0.0")]
    public interface IMyServiceOf_Int32Channel : IMyServiceOf_Int32, IClientChannel
    {
    }

    [DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
    [GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "3.0.0.0")]
    public partial class MyServiceOf_Int32Client : ClientBase<IMyServiceOf_Int32>, IMyServiceOf_Int32
    {
        public void Test(DataOfint d)
        {
            base.Channel.Test(d);
        }
    }
}