变量说明:

$$        Shell自己PID(ProcessID) 
$!         Shell背景上次执行Process的PID 
$?         命令的结束代码(返回值) 
$-         使用Set命令设定的Flag一览 
$*         全部參数列表。如"$*"用「"」括起来的情况、以"$1 $2 … $n"的形式输出全部參数。 
$@         全部參数列表。如"$@"用「"」括起来的情况、以"$1" "$2" … "$n" 的形式输出全部參数。

$# 加入到Shell的參数个数 $0 Shell本身的文件名称 $1~$n 加入到Shell的各參数值。$1是第1參数、$2是第2參数…。

演示样例:

#!/bin/bash
#
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$$"
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$!"
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$?"
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$*"
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$@"
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$#"
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$0"
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$1"
printf "The complete list is %s\n" "$2"

结果:

[Aric@localhost ~]$ bash params.sh 123456 QQ
The complete list is 24249
The complete list is
The complete list is 0
The complete list is 123456 QQ
The complete list is 123456
The complete list is QQ
The complete list is 2
The complete list is params.sh
The complete list is 123456
The complete list is QQ

很多其它解释见以下文档
下载地址:http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/abs-guide.pdf

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