• 一般的设计中,多对多关联映射,需要一个中间表
  • Hibernate会自动生成中间表
  • Hibernate使用many-to-many标签来表示多对多的关联
  • 多对多的关联映射,在实体类中,跟一对多一样,也是用集合来表示的。

实例场景:

用户与他的角色(一个用户拥有多个角色,一个角色还可以属于多个用户)

016 多对多关联映射 单向(many-to-many)_sql语句

 

Role实体类:

public class Role {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

}

 

 

User实体类:

public class User {

    private int id;

    private String name;   

    private Set roles;//Role对象的集合

        public int getId() {

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(int id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public Set getRoles() {

        return roles;

    }

    public void setRoles(Set roles) {

        this.roles = roles;

    }
}

 

 

Role映射文件:

<hibernate-mapping>

    <class name="com.wjt276.hibernate.Role" table="t_role">

        <id name="id">

            <generator class="native"/>

        </id>

        <property name="name" column="name"/>

    </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

 

 

User映射文件:

<hibernate-mapping>

    <class name="com.wjt276.hibernate.User" table="t_user">

        <id name="id" column="id">

            <generator class="native"/>

        </id>

        <property name="name"/>

        <!--使用<set>标签映射集合(set),标签中的name值为对象属性名(集合roles),而使用table属性是用于生成第三方表名称,例:table="t_user_role",但是第三方面中的字段是自动加入的,作为外键分别指向其它表。

所以表<key>标签设置,例:<key column="userid"/>,意思是:在第三方表(t_user_role)中加入一个外键并且指向当前的映射实体类所对应的表(t_user).使用<many-to-many>来指定此映射集合所对象的类(实例类),并且使用column属性加入一个外键指向Role实体类所对应的表(t_role) -->

        <set name="roles" table="t_user_role">

            <key column="userid"/>

            <many-to-many class="com.wjt276.hibernate.Role" column="roleid"/>

        </set>

    </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

 

 

导出至数据库表所生成SQL语句

create table t_role (id integer not null auto_increment, name varchar(255), primary key (id))

create table t_user (id integer not null auto_increment, name varchar(255), primary key (id))

create table t_user_role (userid integer not null, roleid integer not null, primary key (userid, roleid))

alter table t_user_role add index FK331DEE5F1FB4B2D4 (roleid), add constraint FK331DEE5F1FB4B2D4 foreign key (roleid) references t_role (id)

alter table t_user_role add index FK331DEE5F250A083E (userid), add constraint FK331DEE5F250A083E foreign key (userid) references t_user (id)

注:根据DDL语句可以看出第三方表的主键是一个复合主键(primary key (userid, roleid)),也就是说记录不可以有相同的数据。

数据库表及结构:

016 多对多关联映射 单向(many-to-many)_hibernate_02

 

多对多关联映射 单向数据存储:

session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

            tx = session.beginTransaction();


            Role r1 = new Role();
            r1.setName("数据录入人员");
            session.save(r1);

           
            Role r2 = new Role();
            r2.setName("商务主管");
            session.save(r2);
         
            Role r3 = new Role();
            r3.setName("大区经理");
            session.save(r3);
       
            User u1 = new User();
            u1.setName("10");
            Set<Role> u1Roles = new HashSet<Role>();
            u1Roles.add(r1);
            u1Roles.add(r2);
            u1.setRoles(u1Roles);

           

            User u2 = new User();
           u2.setName("祖儿");
            Set<Role> u2Roles = new HashSet<Role>();
            u2Roles.add(r2);
            u2Roles.add(r3);
            u2.setRoles(u2Roles);
            User u3 = new User();
            u3.setName("成龙");
            Set<Role> u3Roles = new HashSet<Role>();
            u3Roles.add(r1);
            u3Roles.add(r2);
            u3Roles.add(r3);
            u3.setRoles(u3Roles);

         
            session.save(u1);
            session.save(u2);
            session.save(u3);

           

            tx.commit();

 

发出SQL语句:

Hibernate: insert into t_role (name) values (?)

Hibernate: insert into t_role (name) values (?)

Hibernate: insert into t_role (name) values (?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user (name) values (?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user (name) values (?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user (name) values (?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user_role (userid, roleid) values (?, ?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user_role (userid, roleid) values (?, ?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user_role (userid, roleid) values (?, ?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user_role (userid, roleid) values (?, ?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user_role (userid, roleid) values (?, ?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user_role (userid, roleid) values (?, ?)

Hibernate: insert into t_user_role (userid, roleid) values (?, ?)

注:前三条SQL语句,添加Role记录,第三条到第六条添加User,最后7条SQL语句是在向第三方表(t_user_role)中添加多对多关系(User与Role关系)

 

多对多关联映射 单向数据加载:

 

            session = HibernateUtils.getSession();

            tx = session.beginTransaction();

           

            User user = (User)session.load(User.class, 1);

            System.out.println("user.name=" + user.getName());

            for (Iterator<Role> iter = user.getRoles().iterator(); iter.hasNext();){

                Role role = (Role) iter.next();

                System.out.println(role.getName());

            }

            //提交事务

            tx.commit();

 

 

Hibernate: select user0_.id as id0_0_, user0_.name as name0_0_ from t_user user0_ where user0_.id=?

user.name=10

Hibernate: select roles0_.userid as userid1_, roles0_.roleid as roleid1_, role1_.id as id2_0_, role1_.name as name2_0_ from t_user_role roles0_ left outer join t_role role1_ on roles0_.roleid=role1_.id where roles0_.userid=?

商务主管

数据录入人员