近期面试遇到了一道面试题。顿时有点迷糊,仅仅说出了思路。后来百度了一下。整理了一下思路,于是记录下来,方便以后学习。(面试题请參见附件)

相关的数据表:

1.Score表

SQLServer行转列_百度

2.[User]表

SQLServer行转列_动态sql_02

SQL语句例如以下:

--方法一:静态SQL
SELECT * FROM
(SELECT UID,Name, Score,ScoreName FROM Score,[User] WHERE Score.UID=[User].ID) AS SourceTable
PIVOT(AVG(Score)FOR ScoreName IN ([英语], [数学])) AS a

--方法二:动态SQL
DECLARE @s NVARCHAR(4000)  
SELECT @s = ISNULL(@s + ',', '') +  QUOTENAME(ScoreName)  
FROM  (select distinct ScoreName from Score) as A ---列名不要反复  

Declare @sql NVARCHAR(4000)  
SET @sql='  
 select r.* from  
(select UID,Name,ScoreName,Score from Score,[User] where Score.UID=[User].ID) as t  
pivot  
(  
max(t.Score)  
for t.ScoreName in ('+@s+')  
) as r'  
EXEC( @sql)

--方法三:Case When
select  
  row_number() OVER(ORDER BY [User].ID) as 编号,
  UID as 用户编号,
  Name as 姓名,
  max(case ScoreName when '英语' then Score else 0 end) 英语,
  max(case ScoreName when '数学' then Score else 0 end) 数学
from Score,[User] WHERE Score.UID=[User].ID
group by UID,[User].ID,Name