linux系统中部署RAID10磁盘阵列的目的是:
提高硬盘的读写速度(IO性能)
提高数据的安全性(冗余数据备份机制)
linux系统中raid10磁盘阵列中,当发现一块硬盘出现损坏而不能继续使用时,应当使用mdadm命令将其移除(期间不影响硬盘的使用),然后替换上新的硬盘
1、查看当前系统的raid10 磁盘阵列的下详细信息
[root@linuxprobe /]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Wed Oct 28 21:58:25 2020
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 41909248 (39.97 GiB 42.92 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954624 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Wed Oct 28 22:38:56 2020
State : clean
Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K
Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : 468018e0:1f90d057:a9944b8e:ab4e3e85
Events : 17
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc
2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync /dev/sde
2、假设 硬盘/dev/sdc损坏,先将其移除
[root@linuxprobe /]# mdadm /dev/md0 -f /dev/sdc ## 移除 /dev/sdc硬盘
mdadm: set /dev/sdc faulty in /dev/md0
[root@linuxprobe /]# mdadm -D /dev/md0 ## 查看raid10 磁盘阵列,发现已经移除 /dev/sdc
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Wed Oct 28 21:58:25 2020
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 41909248 (39.97 GiB 42.92 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954624 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Wed Oct 28 22:50:22 2020
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 1
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K
Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : 468018e0:1f90d057:a9944b8e:ab4e3e85
Events : 19
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 0 0 1 removed
2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync /dev/sde
1 8 32 - faulty /dev/sdc
3、在RAID10级别的磁盘阵列中,当RAID1磁盘阵列中存在一个故障盘时并不影响RAID10磁盘阵列的使用。当购买了新的硬盘设备后再使用mdadm命令来予以替换即可,在此期间可以在/RAID目录中
正常滴创建和删除文件。
4、重启系统。
5、卸载 raid10磁盘阵列
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 18G 2.9G 15G 17% /
devtmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev
tmpfs 994M 84K 994M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 994M 8.9M 986M 1% /run
tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/md0 40G 49M 38G 1% /RAID
/dev/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.0 Server.x86_64
[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /RAID
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 18G 2.9G 15G 17% /
devtmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev
tmpfs 994M 84K 994M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 994M 8.9M 986M 1% /run
tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.0 Server.x86_64
6、 添加新的硬盘,假设为/dev/sdc
[root@linuxprobe ~]# umount /RAID
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
7、查看raid10磁盘阵列详细信息
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Wed Oct 28 21:58:25 2020
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 41909248 (39.97 GiB 42.92 GB)
Used Dev Size : 20954624 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
Raid Devices : 4
Total Devices : 4
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Wed Oct 28 23:02:56 2020
State : clean
Active Devices : 4
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K
Name : linuxprobe.com:0 (local to host linuxprobe.com)
UUID : 468018e0:1f90d057:a9944b8e:ab4e3e85
Events : 50
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
4 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc
2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd
3 8 64 3 active sync /dev/sde
8、重新挂载
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 18G 2.9G 15G 17% /
devtmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev
tmpfs 994M 84K 994M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 994M 8.9M 986M 1% /run
tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.0 Server.x86_64
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mount -a ## 挂载配置文件/etc/fstab中的硬盘
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 18G 2.9G 15G 17% /
devtmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev
tmpfs 994M 84K 994M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 994M 8.9M 986M 1% /run
tmpfs 994M 0 994M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 119M 379M 24% /boot
/dev/sr0 3.5G 3.5G 0 100% /run/media/root/RHEL-7.0 Server.x86_64
/dev/md0 40G 49M 38G 1% /RAID