/*约瑟夫环
(问题描述)
约瑟夫问题的一种描述是:编号为1,2,......n,的n个人按顺时针方向围坐一圈,每个人持有一个密码(正整数)。一开始任意选
一个正整数作为报数的上限值m,从第一个人开始按顺时针方向自1开始顺序报数,报到m时停止报数。报m的人出列,将他的密码作为新
的m值,从他在顺时针方向下一个人开始从1报数,如此下去,直至所有人全部出列为止。试设计一个程序求出出列顺序。
(基本要求)
利用单向循环链表存储结构模拟此过程,按照出列顺序印出个人的编号。
(测试数据)
m的初值为20;n=7,7个人的密码依次为:3,1,7,2,4,8,4,首先m为6(正确的出列顺序应为6,1,4,7,2,3,5)。

下面是我的解决方法:
根据问题所描述的,这是个环问题,我们可以先模拟一个环.
声明:我这里是用双向链表的,虽然对这个问题没太大意义,但我还是保留为双向的,因为我在考虑这个问题可以衍生出很多其它问题来,只为我自己所用而以。呵呵……为了性能,而且只是解决这一个问题,你可以改成单向链表。

 public class Circle
    {
        public class Node
        {
            private Node preNode;
            private Node nextNode;

            private int id;
            private uint password;

            public Node PreNode
            {
                get {
                    return preNode;
                }
                set {
                    preNode = value;
                }
            }

            public Node NextNode {
                get {
                    return nextNode;
                }
                set {
                    nextNode = value;
                }
            }

            public int ID
            {
                get {
                    return id;
                }
                set {
                    id = value;
                }
            }

            public uint Password
            {
                get {
                    return password;
                }
                set {
                    password = value;
                }
            }
           
        }
        private Node firstNode = null;
        private Node lastNode=null;
        private Node nextNode = null;
        private int count = 0;
       

        public int Count
        {
            get {
                return count;
            }
            set {
                count = value;
            }
        }

        public Circle()
        {
        
        }

        public void Add(int id,uint password)
        {
            count++;
             Node node = new Node();
             node.ID = id;
             node.Password = password;

             this.Add(node);
        }

        public void Add(int id)
        {
            count++;
            Node node = new Node();
            node.ID = id;
            this.Add(node);
           
        }

        private void Add(Node node)
        {
            if (firstNode == null)
            {

                firstNode = node;
                lastNode = firstNode;

                lastNode.NextNode = firstNode;
                lastNode.PreNode = firstNode;

                firstNode.NextNode = lastNode;
                firstNode.PreNode = lastNode;
            }
            else
            {
                lastNode.NextNode = node;

                node.PreNode = lastNode;
                node.NextNode = firstNode;

                firstNode.PreNode = node;
                lastNode = node;
            }
        }

        public Node NextNode()
        {
            Node node=new Node();
            if (nextNode == null)
            {
                node = firstNode;
                nextNode = firstNode.NextNode;
              
            }
            else
            {
                node = nextNode;
                nextNode = node.NextNode;
            }
            return node;
        }

        public void RemoveNode(Node node)
        {
            count--;
            Node _preNode = node.PreNode;
            Node _nextNode = node.NextNode;
            _preNode.NextNode = _nextNode;
            _nextNode.PreNode = _preNode;
        }

        //pre node;current node;next node
        //first node-pre->last node
    }

 

2。根据问题加载数据
 

 

 List<Circle.Node> outList = new List<Circle.Node>();
            int index = 0;
            int n = 7;
            uint m = 20;

            List<Circle.Node> nodeList = new List<Circle.Node>();
            Circle.Node nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 1;
            nd.Password = 3;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 2;
            nd.Password = 1;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 3;
            nd.Password = 7;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 4;
            nd.Password = 2;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 5;
            nd.Password = 4;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 6;
            nd.Password = 8;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 7;
            nd.Password = 4;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

 

            Circle c = new Circle();
            foreach (Circle.Node node in nodeList)
            {
                c.Add(node.ID, node.Password);
            }

3.根据问题事件开始起动

 
while (c.Count > 0)
            {
                index++;
                nd = c.NextNode();
                if (index == m)
                {
                    c.RemoveNode(nd);
                    outList.Add(nd);
                    index = 0;
                    m = nd.Password;
                }
            }

 

4.显示结果
 

 

 foreach (Circle.Node node in outList)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(node.ID);
            }

 

完整源代码:

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Arithmetic
{
    class Program
    {


        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            List<Circle.Node> outList = new List<Circle.Node>();
            int index = 0;
            int n = 7;
            uint m = 20;

            List<Circle.Node> nodeList = new List<Circle.Node>();
            Circle.Node nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 1;
            nd.Password = 3;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 2;
            nd.Password = 1;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 3;
            nd.Password = 7;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 4;
            nd.Password = 2;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 5;
            nd.Password = 4;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 6;
            nd.Password = 8;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

            nd = new Circle.Node();
            nd.ID = 7;
            nd.Password = 4;
            nodeList.Add(nd);

 

            Circle c = new Circle();
            foreach (Circle.Node node in nodeList)
            {
                c.Add(node.ID, node.Password);
            }

            while (c.Count > 0)
            {
                index++;
                nd = c.NextNode();
                if (index == m)
                {
                    c.RemoveNode(nd);
                    outList.Add(nd);
                    index = 0;
                    m = nd.Password;
                }
            }

            foreach (Circle.Node node in outList)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(node.ID);
            }
            Console.Read();
        }
    }

    public class Circle
    {
        public class Node
        {
            private Node preNode;
            private Node nextNode;

            private int id;
            private uint password;

            public Node PreNode
            {
                get {
                    return preNode;
                }
                set {
                    preNode = value;
                }
            }

            public Node NextNode {
                get {
                    return nextNode;
                }
                set {
                    nextNode = value;
                }
            }

            public int ID
            {
                get {
                    return id;
                }
                set {
                    id = value;
                }
            }

            public uint Password
            {
                get {
                    return password;
                }
                set {
                    password = value;
                }
            }
           
        }
        private Node firstNode = null;
        private Node lastNode=null;
        private Node nextNode = null;
        private int count = 0;
       

        public int Count
        {
            get {
                return count;
            }
            set {
                count = value;
            }
        }

        public Circle()
        {
        
        }

        public void Add(int id,uint password)
        {
            count++;
             Node node = new Node();
             node.ID = id;
             node.Password = password;

             this.Add(node);
        }

        public void Add(int id)
        {
            count++;
            Node node = new Node();
            node.ID = id;
            this.Add(node);
           
        }

        private void Add(Node node)
        {
            if (firstNode == null)
            {

                firstNode = node;
                lastNode = firstNode;

                lastNode.NextNode = firstNode;
                lastNode.PreNode = firstNode;

                firstNode.NextNode = lastNode;
                firstNode.PreNode = lastNode;
            }
            else
            {
                lastNode.NextNode = node;

                node.PreNode = lastNode;
                node.NextNode = firstNode;

                firstNode.PreNode = node;
                lastNode = node;
            }
        }

        public Node NextNode()
        {
            Node node=new Node();
            if (nextNode == null)
            {
                node = firstNode;
                nextNode = firstNode.NextNode;
              
            }
            else
            {
                node = nextNode;
                nextNode = node.NextNode;
            }
            return node;
        }

        public void RemoveNode(Node node)
        {
            count--;
            Node _preNode = node.PreNode;
            Node _nextNode = node.NextNode;
            _preNode.NextNode = _nextNode;
            _nextNode.PreNode = _preNode;
        }

        //pre node;current node;next node
        //first node-pre->last node
    }
}


 

总结:当碰到问题时,思路理清。程序只不过是解决问题的工具,当你分析到问题本质,还原问题真相,有时会给你海阔天空的感觉。不要一味的去为写代码而写代码,写代码是为了解决问题,呵呵……
      用“面向对象”来思考问题,解决问题,把问题分层,分块,这样你的思路就清晰得多。
      以上代码只是做为参考,如果你有兴趣,可以写得更完善一些。