| 作者ldljlq
在批量打印商品标签时一般都要加上条码或图片，而这类应用大多是使用斑马打印机，所以我也遇到了怎么打印的问题。
一种办法是用标签设计软件做好模板，在标签设计软件中打印，这种办法不用写代码，但对我来说觉得不能接受，所以尝试代码解决问题。
网上搜索一番，找不到什么资料，基本都是说发送ZPL、EPL指令到打印机，而且还是COM/LPT口连接打印机。后来研究.net的打印类库，发现是用绘图方式打印至打印机的，也叫GDI打印，于是思路有了点突破，那我可以用报表工具画好标签，运行报表时，把结果输出位图，再发送至打印机。
后来又找到一种更好的办法，利用标签设计软件做好模板，打印至本地文件，把其中的ZPL、EPL指令拷贝出来，替换其中动态变化的内容为变量名，做成一个模板文本，在代码中动态替换变量，再把指令输出至打印机。
折腾了几天，终于把这两种思路都实现了，顺便解决了USB接口打印机的ZPL、EPL指令发送问题。
今天有点困，改天再详细讲解一下这两种思路的具体实现。
2012-06-02：发布代码ZebraPrintHelper.cs。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Drawing.Printing;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
namespace Umisky.HTServer.Util
{
#region 定义设备类型枚举
public enum DeviceType
{
COM = 0,
LPT = 1,
DRV = 2
}
#endregion
#region 定义打印机指令类型枚举
public enum ProgrammingLanguage
{
ZPL = 0,
EPL = 1
}
#endregion
#region 定义日志类型枚举
public enum LogType
{
Print = 0,
Error = 1
}
#endregion
#region 定义打印文档信息类
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public class DocInfo
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]
public string DocName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]
public string OutputFile;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]
public string DataType;
}
#endregion
#region 定义图像设备信息类
public class DeviceInfo
{
#region 属性说明
/*
ColorDepth
图像输出支持的颜色范围的像素深度。有效值为 1、4、8、24 和 32。默认值为 24。仅对 TIFF 呈现支持 ColorDepth，对于其他图像输出格式报表服务器将忽略此设置。
注意：
对于此版本的 SQL Server，此设置的值将被忽略，且通常将 TIFF 图像呈现为 24 位。
Columns
要为报表设置的列数。此值将覆盖报表的原始设置。
ColumnSpacing
要为报表设置的列间距。此值将覆盖报表的原始设置。
DpiX
输出设备在 X 方向的分辨率。默认值为 96。
DpiY
输出设备在 Y 方向的分辨率。默认值为 96。
EndPage
要呈现的报表的最后一页。默认值为 StartPage 的值。
MarginBottom
要为报表设置的下边距值，以英寸为单位。您必须包含一个整数或小数值，后跟“in”（例如，1in）。此值将覆盖报表的原始设置。
MarginLeft
要为报表设置的左边距值，以英寸为单位。您必须包含一个整数或小数值，后跟“in”（例如，1in）。此值将覆盖报表的原始设置。
MarginRight
要为报表设置的右边距值，以英寸为单位。您必须包含一个整数或小数值，后跟“in”（例如，1in）。此值将覆盖报表的原始设置。
MarginTop
要为报表设置的上边距值，以英寸为单位。您必须包含一个整数或小数值，后跟“in”（例如，1in）。此值将覆盖报表的原始设置。
OutputFormat
图形设备接口 (GDI) 支持的输出格式之一：BMP、EMF、GIF、JPEG、PNG 或 TIFF。
PageHeight
要为报表设置的页高，以英寸为单位。您必须包含一个整数或小数值，后跟“in”（例如，11in）。此值将覆盖报表的原始设置。
PageWidth
要为报表设置的页宽，以英寸为单位。您必须包含一个整数或小数值，后跟“in”（例如，8.5in）。此值将覆盖报表的原始设置。
StartPage
要呈现的报告的第一页。值为 0 指示将呈现所有页。默认值为 1。
*/
#endregion
public enum GDIOutputFormat { BMP, EMF, GIF, JPEG, PNG, TIFF }
public int ColorDepth { get; set; }
public int Columns { get; set; }
public int ColumnSpacing { get; set; }
public int DpiX { get; set; }
public int DpiY { get; set; }
public int EndPage { get; set; }
public int MarginBottom { get; set; }
public int MarginLeft { get; set; }
public int MarginRight { get; set; }
public int MarginTop { get; set; }
public GDIOutputFormat OutputFormat { get; set; }
public int PageHeight { get; set; }
public int PageWidth { get; set; }
public int StartPage { get; set; }
private const string xmlFormater = @"
{0}
{1}
{2}
{3}
{4}
{5}
{6}
{7}
{8}
{9}
{10}
{11}
{12}
{13}
";
public DeviceInfo()
{
this.ColorDepth = 24;
this.Columns = 0;
this.StartPage = 1;
this.EndPage = 1;
}
public string GetDeviceInfo()
{
string result = string.Format(xmlFormater,
this.ColorDepth,
this.Columns,
this.ColumnSpacing,
this.DpiX,
this.DpiY,
this.EndPage,
this.MarginBottom,
this.MarginLeft,
this.MarginRight,
this.MarginTop,
this.OutputFormat,
this.PageHeight,
this.PageWidth,
this.StartPage);
return result;
}
public string GetDeviceInfoForImage()
{
string result = string.Format("
{0}
{1}
{2}
{3}
{4}
",
this.StartPage,
this.EndPage,
this.OutputFormat,
this.DpiX,
this.DpiY);
return result;
}
}
#endregion
#region 定义斑马打印助手类
///
/// 斑马打印助手，支持LPT/COM/DRV三种模式，适用于标签、票据、条码打印。
///
public static class ZebraPrintHelper
{
#region 定义API方法
#region 写打印口(LPT)方法
private const short FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x80;
private const short INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;
private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
private const uint CREATE_NEW = 1;
private const uint CREATE_ALWAYS = 2;
private const uint OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFile(string strFileName,
uint dwDesiredAccess,
uint dwShareMode,
IntPtr intptrSecurityAttributes,
uint dwCreationDisposition,
uint dwFlagsAndAttributes,
IntPtr intptrTemplateFile);
#endregion
[DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "OpenPrinterA", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool OpenPrinter([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string printerName, out IntPtr intptrPrinter, IntPtr intptrPrintDocument);
[DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "ClosePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool ClosePrinter(IntPtr intptrPrinter);
[DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "StartDocPrinterA", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool StartDocPrinter(IntPtr intptrPrinter, Int32 level, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] DocInfo docInfo);
[DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "EndDocPrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool EndDocPrinter(IntPtr intptrPrinter);
[DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "StartPagePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool StartPagePrinter(IntPtr intptrPrinter);
[DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "EndPagePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool EndPagePrinter(IntPtr intptrPrinter);
[DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "WritePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool WritePrinter(IntPtr intptrPrinter, IntPtr intptrBytes, Int32 count, out Int32 written);
#endregion
#region 定义私有字段
///
/// 线程锁，防止多线程调用。
///
private static object SyncRoot = new object();
///
/// 字节流传递时采用的字符编码
///
private static readonly Encoding TransferFormat = Encoding.GetEncoding("iso-8859-1");
#endregion
#region 定义属性
public static int Port { get; set; }
public static string PrinterName { get; set; }
public static bool IsWriteLog { get; set; }
public static DeviceType PrinterType { get; set; }
public static ProgrammingLanguage PrinterProgrammingLanguage { get; set; }
///
/// 日志保存目录，WEB应用注意不能放在BIN目录下。
///
public static string LogsDirectory { get; set; }
private static byte[] GraphBuffer { get; set; }
private static int GraphWidth { get; set; }
private static int GraphHeight { get; set; }
private static int RowSize
{
get
{
return (((GraphWidth) + 31) >> 5) << 2;
}
}
private static int RowRealBytesCount
{
get
{
if ((GraphWidth % 8) > 0)
{
return GraphWidth / 8 + 1;
}
else
{
return GraphWidth / 8;
}
}
}
#endregion
#region 静态构造方法
static ZebraPrintHelper()
{
GraphBuffer = new byte[0];
IsWriteLog = false;
LogsDirectory = "logs";
}
#endregion
#region 定义发送原始数据到打印机的方法
private static bool SendBytesToPrinter(string printerName, IntPtr intptrBytes, Int32 count)
{
Int32 error = 0, written = 0;
IntPtr intptrPrinter = new IntPtr(0);
DocInfo docInfo = new DocInfo();
bool bSuccess = false;
docInfo.DocName = ".NET RAW Document";
docInfo.DataType = "RAW";
// Open the printer.
if (OpenPrinter(printerName.Normalize(), out intptrPrinter, IntPtr.Zero))
{
// Start a document.
if (StartDocPrinter(intptrPrinter, 1, docInfo))
{
// Start a page.
if (StartPagePrinter(intptrPrinter))
{
// Write your bytes.
bSuccess = WritePrinter(intptrPrinter, intptrBytes, count, out written);
EndPagePrinter(intptrPrinter);
}
EndDocPrinter(intptrPrinter);
}
ClosePrinter(intptrPrinter);
}
// If you did not succeed, GetLastError may give more information
// about why not.
if (bSuccess == false)
{
error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
}
return bSuccess;
}
public static bool SendFileToPrinter(string printerName, string fileName)
{
// Open the file.
FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open);
// Create a BinaryReader on the file.
BinaryReader br = new BinaryReader(fs);
// Dim an array of bytes big enough to hold the file's contents.
Byte[] bytes = new Byte[fs.Length];
bool bSuccess = false;
// Your unmanaged pointer.
IntPtr pUnmanagedBytes = new IntPtr(0);
int nLength;
nLength = Convert.ToInt32(fs.Length);
// Read the contents of the file into the array.
bytes = br.ReadBytes(nLength);
// Allocate some unmanaged memory for those bytes.
pUnmanagedBytes = Marshal.AllocCoTaskMem(nLength);
// Copy the managed byte array into the unmanaged array.
Marshal.Copy(bytes, 0, pUnmanagedBytes, nLength);
// Send the unmanaged bytes to the printer.
bSuccess = SendBytesToPrinter(printerName, pUnmanagedBytes, nLength);
// Free the unmanaged memory that you allocated earlier.
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(pUnmanagedBytes);
return bSuccess;
}
public static bool SendBytesToPrinter(string printerName, byte[] bytes)
{
bool bSuccess = false;
IntPtr pUnmanagedBytes = new IntPtr(0);
int nLength = bytes.Length;
// Allocate some unmanaged memory for those bytes.
pUnmanagedBytes = Marshal.AllocCoTaskMem(nLength);
// Copy the managed byte array into the unmanaged array.
Marshal.Copy(bytes, 0, pUnmanagedBytes, nLength);
// Send the unmanaged bytes to the printer.
bSuccess = SendBytesToPrinter(printerName, pUnmanagedBytes, nLength);
// Free the unmanaged memory that you allocated earlier.
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(pUnmanagedBytes);
return bSuccess;
}
public static bool SendStringToPrinter(string printerName, string text)
{
IntPtr pBytes;
Int32 dwCount;
// How many characters are in the string?
dwCount = (text.Length + 1) * Marshal.SystemMaxDBCSCharSize;
// Assume that the printer is expecting ANSI text, and then convert
// the string to ANSI text.
pBytes = Marshal.StringToCoTaskMemAnsi(text);
// Send the converted ANSI string to the printer.
SendBytesToPrinter(printerName, pBytes, dwCount);
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(pBytes);
return true;
}
#endregion
#region 日志记录方法
private static void WriteLog(string text, LogType logType)
{
string endTag = string.Format("\r\n{0}\r\n", new string('=', 80));
string path = string.Format("{0}\\{1}-{2}.log", LogsDirectory, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"), logType);
if (!Directory.Exists(LogsDirectory))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(LogsDirectory);
}
if (logType == LogType.Error)
{
File.AppendAllText(path, string.Format("{0}{1}", text, endTag), Encoding.Default);
}
if (logType == LogType.Print)
{
if (text.StartsWith("N\r\nGW"))
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Append))
{
byte[] bytes = TransferFormat.GetBytes(text);
byte[] tag = TransferFormat.GetBytes(endTag);
fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
fs.Write(tag, 0, tag.Length);
fs.Close();
}
}
else
{
File.AppendAllText(path, string.Format("{0}{1}", text, endTag), Encoding.Default);
}
}
}
private static void WriteLog(byte[] bytes, LogType logType)
{
string endTag = string.Format("\r\n{0}\r\n", new string('=', 80));
string path = string.Format("{0}\\{1}-{2}.log", LogsDirectory, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"), logType);
if (!Directory.Exists(LogsDirectory))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(LogsDirectory);
}
if (logType == LogType.Error)
{
File.AppendAllText(path, string.Format("{0}{1}", Encoding.Default.GetString(bytes), endTag), Encoding.Default);
}
if (logType == LogType.Print)
{
string transferFormat = TransferFormat.GetString(bytes);
if (transferFormat.StartsWith("N\r\nGW"))
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Append))
{
byte[] tag = TransferFormat.GetBytes(endTag);
fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
fs.Write(tag, 0, tag.Length);
fs.Close();
}
}
else
{
File.AppendAllText(path, string.Format("{0}{1}", Encoding.Default.GetString(bytes), endTag), Encoding.Default);
}
}
}
#endregion
#region 封装方法，方便调用。
public static bool PrintWithCOM(string cmd, int port, bool isWriteLog)
{
PrinterType = DeviceType.COM;
Port = port;
IsWriteLog = isWriteLog;
return PrintCommand(cmd);
}
public static bool PrintWithCOM(byte[] bytes, int port, bool isWriteLog, ProgrammingLanguage progLanguage)
{
PrinterType = DeviceType.COM;
Port = port;
IsWriteLog = isWriteLog;
PrinterProgrammingLanguage = progLanguage;
return PrintGraphics(bytes);
}
public static bool PrintWithLPT(string cmd, int port, bool isWriteLog)
{
PrinterType = DeviceType.LPT;
Port = port;
IsWriteLog = isWriteLog;
return PrintCommand(cmd);
}
public static bool PrintWithLPT(byte[] bytes, int port, bool isWriteLog, ProgrammingLanguage progLanguage)
{
PrinterType = DeviceType.LPT;
Port = port;
IsWriteLog = isWriteLog;
PrinterProgrammingLanguage = progLanguage;
return PrintGraphics(bytes);
}
public static bool PrintWithDRV(string cmd, string printerName, bool isWriteLog)
{
PrinterType = DeviceType.DRV;
PrinterName = printerName;
IsWriteLog = isWriteLog;
return PrintCommand(cmd);
}
public static bool PrintWithDRV(byte[] bytes, string printerName, bool isWriteLog, ProgrammingLanguage progLanguage)
{
PrinterType = DeviceType.DRV;
PrinterName = printerName;
IsWriteLog = isWriteLog;
PrinterProgrammingLanguage = progLanguage;
return PrintGraphics(bytes);
}
#endregion
#region 打印ZPL、EPL指令
public static bool PrintCommand(string cmd)
{
lock (SyncRoot)
{
bool result = false;
try
{
switch (PrinterType)
{
case DeviceType.COM:
result = comPrint(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(cmd));
break;
case DeviceType.LPT:
result = lptPrint(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(cmd));
break;
case DeviceType.DRV:
result = drvPrint(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(cmd));
break;
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cmd) && IsWriteLog)
{
WriteLog(cmd, LogType.Print);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//记录日志
if (IsWriteLog)
{
WriteLog(string.Format("{0} => {1}\r\n{2}", DateTime.Now, ex.Message, ex), LogType.Error);
}
}
finally
{
GraphBuffer = new byte[0];
}
return result;
}
}
#endregion
#region 打印图像字节流
public static bool PrintGraphics(byte[] graph)
{
lock (SyncRoot)
{
bool result = false;
try
{
GraphBuffer = graph;
byte[] cmdBytes = new byte[0];
if (PrinterProgrammingLanguage == ProgrammingLanguage.ZPL)
{
cmdBytes = getZPLBytes();
}
if (PrinterProgrammingLanguage == ProgrammingLanguage.EPL)
{
cmdBytes = getEPLBytes();
}
switch (PrinterType)
{
case DeviceType.COM:
result = comPrint(cmdBytes);
break;
case DeviceType.LPT:
result = lptPrint(cmdBytes);
break;
case DeviceType.DRV:
result = drvPrint(cmdBytes);
break;
}
if (cmdBytes.Length > 0 && IsWriteLog)
{
WriteLog(cmdBytes, LogType.Print);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//记录日志
if (IsWriteLog)
{
WriteLog(string.Format("{0} => {1}\r\n{2}", DateTime.Now, ex.Message, ex), LogType.Error);
}
}
finally
{
GraphBuffer = new byte[0];
}
return result;
}
}
#endregion
#region COM/LPT/DRV三种模式打印方法
private static bool drvPrint(byte[] cmdBytes)
{
bool result = false;
try
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PrinterName))
{
result = SendBytesToPrinter(PrinterName, cmdBytes);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
return result;
}
private static bool comPrint(byte[] cmdBytes)
{
bool result = false;
SerialPort com = new SerialPort(string.Format("{0}{1}", PrinterType, Port), 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);
try
{
com.Open();
com.Write(cmdBytes, 0, cmdBytes.Length);
result = true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
if (com.IsOpen)
{
com.Close();
}
}
return result;
}
private static bool lptPrint(byte[] cmdBytes)
{
bool result = false;
FileStream fileStream = null;
StreamWriter streamWriter = null;
SafeFileHandle handle = null;
try
{
handle = CreateFile(string.Format("{0}{1}", PrinterType, Port), GENERIC_WRITE, 0, IntPtr.Zero, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, IntPtr.Zero);
if (!handle.IsInvalid)
{
fileStream = new FileStream(handle, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
streamWriter = new StreamWriter(fileStream, Encoding.Default);
streamWriter.Write(cmdBytes);
result = true;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
if (fileStream != null)
{
fileStream.Close();
fileStream = null;
}
if (streamWriter != null)
{
streamWriter.Close();
streamWriter = null;
}
if (handle != null)
{
handle.Close();
handle = null;
}
}
return result;
}
#endregion
#region 生成ZPL图像打印指令
private static byte[] getZPLBytes()
{
byte[] result = new byte[0];
byte[] bmpData = getBitmapData();
string textBitmap = string.Empty;
string textHex = BitConverter.ToString(bmpData).Replace("-", string.Empty);
for (int i = 0; i < GraphHeight;i++ )
{
textBitmap += textHex.Substring(i * RowRealBytesCount * 2, RowRealBytesCount * 2) + "\r\n";
}
string text = string.Format("~DGR:IMAGE.GRF,{0},{1},\r\n{2}^XGR:IMAGE.GRF,1,1^FS\r\n^IDR:IMAGE.GRF\r\n",
GraphHeight * RowRealBytesCount,
RowRealBytesCount,
textBitmap);
result = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(text);
return result;
}
#endregion
#region 生成EPL图像打印指令
private static byte[] getEPLBytes()
{
byte[] result = new byte[0];
byte[] buffer = getBitmapData();
string text = string.Format("N\r\nGW{0},{1},{2},{3},{4}\r\nP\r\n",
0,
0,
RowRealBytesCount,
GraphHeight,
TransferFormat.GetString(buffer));
result = TransferFormat.GetBytes(text);
return result;
}
#endregion
#region 获取单色位图数据
///
/// 获取单色位图数据(1bpp)，不含文件头、信息头、调色板三类数据。
///
///
private static byte[] getBitmapData()
{
MemoryStream srcStream = new MemoryStream();
MemoryStream dstStream = new MemoryStream();
Bitmap srcBmp = null;
Bitmap dstBmp = null;
byte[] srcBuffer = null;
byte[] dstBuffer = null;
byte[] result = null;
try
{
srcStream = new MemoryStream(GraphBuffer);
srcBmp = Bitmap.FromStream(srcStream) as Bitmap;
srcBuffer = srcStream.ToArray();
GraphWidth = srcBmp.Width;
GraphHeight = srcBmp.Height;
dstBmp = srcBmp.Clone(new Rectangle(0, 0, srcBmp.Width, srcBmp.Height), PixelFormat.Format1bppIndexed);
dstBmp.Save(dstStream, ImageFormat.Bmp);
dstBuffer = dstStream.ToArray();
int bfSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(dstBuffer, 2);
int bfOffBits = BitConverter.ToInt32(dstBuffer, 10);
int bitmapDataLength = bfSize - bfOffBits;
result = new byte[GraphHeight * RowRealBytesCount];
//读取时需要反向读取每行字节实现上下翻转的效果，打印机打印顺序需要这样读取。
for (int i = 0; i < GraphHeight; i++)
{
Array.Copy(dstBuffer, bfOffBits + (GraphHeight - 1 - i) * RowSize, result, i * RowRealBytesCount, RowRealBytesCount);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
if (srcStream != null)
{
srcStream.Dispose();
srcStream = null;
}
if (dstStream != null)
{
dstStream.Dispose();
dstStream = null;
}
if (srcBmp != null)
{
srcBmp.Dispose();
srcBmp = null;
}
if (dstBmp != null)
{
dstBmp.Dispose();
dstBmp = null;
}
}
return result;
}
#endregion
}
#endregion
} 如何获取标签设计软件输出至打印的ZPL指令？
安装好打印机驱动，修改打印机端口，新建一个打印机端口，类型为本地端口，端口名称设置为C:\printer.log，再用标签设计软件打印一次，此文件中就有ZPL指令了。
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