大家好,今天给大家分享下Android解析Json的例子,我这里自己安装了Tomcat,让自己电脑充当下服务器,最重要的是,返回结果自己可以随便修改。

  首先看下Json的定义,以及它和XML的比较:

  JSON的定义:

  一种轻量级的数据交换格式,具有良好的可读和便于快速编写的特性。业内主流技术为其提供了完整的解决方案(有点类似于正则表达式 ,获得了当今大部分语言的支持),从而可以在不同平台间进行数据交换。JSON采用兼容性很高的文本格式,同时也具备类似于C语言体系的行为。 – Json.org

  JSON Vs XML

  1.JSON和XML的数据可读性基本相同

  2.JSON和XML同样拥有丰富的解析手段

  3.JSON相对于XML来讲,数据的体积小

  4.JSON与JavaScript的交互更加方便

  5.JSON对数据的描述性比XML较差

  6.JSON的速度要远远快于XML.

  Tomcat安装:

  Tomcat下载地址http://tomcat.apache.org/ 下载后安装,如果成功,启动Tomcat,然后在浏览器里输入:http://localhost:8080/index.jsp,会有个Tomcat首页界面,


  我们在Tomcat安装目录下webapps\ROOT下找到index.jsp,然后新建一个index2.jsp,用记事本或者什么的,编辑内容如下:

1	  {students:[{name:'魏祝林',age:25},{name:'阿魏',age:26}],class:'三年二班'}


  然后我们在浏览器里输入:http://localhost:8080/index2.jsp返回的结果如下(这就模拟出后台返回的数据了):   新建一个Android工程JsonDemo.   工程目录如下:   这里我封装了一个JSONUtil工具类,代码如下:


001	  package com.tutor.jsondemo;
002	  import java.io.IOException;
003	  import java.io.InputStreamReader;
004	  import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
005	  import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
006	  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
007	  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
008	  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
009	  import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
010	  import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
011	  import org.json.JSONException;
012	  import org.json.JSONObject;
013	  import android.util.Log;
014	  /**
015	  * @author frankiewei.
016	  * Json封装的工具类.
017	  */
018	  public class JSONUtil {
019	  private static final String TAG = "JSONUtil";
020	  /**
021	  * 获取json内容
022	  * @param url
023	  * @return JSONArray
024	  * @throws JSONException
025	  * @throws ConnectionException
026	  */
027	  public static JSONObject getJSON(String url) throws JSONException, Exception {
028	  return new JSONObject(getRequest(url));
029	  }
030	  /**
031	  * 向api发送get请求,返回从后台取得的信息。
032	  *
033	  * @param url
034	  * @return String
035	  */
036	  protected static String getRequest(String url) throws Exception {
037	  return getRequest(url, new DefaultHttpClient(new BasicHttpParams()));
038	  }
039	  /**
040	  * 向api发送get请求,返回从后台取得的信息。
041	  *
042	  * @param url
043	  * @param client
044	  * @return String
045	  */
046	  protected static String getRequest(String url, DefaultHttpClient client) throws Exception {
047	  String result = null;
048	  int statusCode = 0;
049	  HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(url);
050	  Log.d(TAG, "do the getRequest,url="+url+"");
051	  try {
052	  //getMethod.setHeader("User-Agent", USER_AGENT);
053	  HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(getMethod);
054	  //statusCode == 200 正常
055	  statusCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
056	  Log.d(TAG, "statuscode = "+statusCode);
057	  //处理返回的httpResponse信息
058	  result = retrieveInputStream(httpResponse.getEntity());
059	  } catch (Exception e) {
060	  Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
061	  throw new Exception(e);
062	  } finally {
063	  getMethod.abort();
064	  }
065	  return result;
066	  }
067	  /**
068	  * 处理httpResponse信息,返回String
069	  *
070	  * @param httpEntity
071	  * @return String
072	  */
073	  protected static String retrieveInputStream(HttpEntity httpEntity) {
074	  int length = (int) httpEntity.getContentLength();
075	  //the number of bytes of the content, or a negative number if unknown. If the content length is known but exceeds Long.MAX_VALUE, a negative number is returned.
076	  //length==-1,下面这句报错,println needs a message
077	  if (length < 0) length = 10000;
078	  StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(length);
079	  try {
080	  InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(httpEntity.getContent(), HTTP.UTF_8);
081	  char buffer[] = new char[length];
082	  int count;
083	  while ((count = inputStreamReader.read(buffer, 0, length - 1)) > 0) {
084	  stringBuffer.append(buffer, 0, count);
085	  }
086	  } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
087	  Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
088	  } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
089	  Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
090	  } catch (IOException e) {
091	  Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
092	  }
093	  return stringBuffer.toString();
094	  }
095	  }
096	  package com.tutor.jsondemo;
097	  import java.io.IOException;
098	  import java.io.InputStreamReader;
099	  import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
100	  import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
101	  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
102	  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
103	  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
104	  import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
105	  import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
106	  import org.json.JSONException;
107	  import org.json.JSONObject;
108	  import android.util.Log;
109	  /**
110	  * @author frankiewei.
111	  * Json封装的工具类.
112	  */
113	  public class JSONUtil {
114	  
115	   private static final String TAG = "JSONUtil";
116	  
117	   /**
118	   * 获取json内容
119	   * @param url
120	   * @return JSONArray
121	   * @throws JSONException
122	   * @throws ConnectionException
123	   */
124	   public static JSONObject getJSON(String url) throws JSONException, Exception {
125	  
126	   return new JSONObject(getRequest(url));
127	   }
128	  
129	   /**
130	   * 向api发送get请求,返回从后台取得的信息。
131	   *
132	   * @param url
133	   * @return String
134	   */
135	   protected static String getRequest(String url) throws Exception {
136	   return getRequest(url, new DefaultHttpClient(new BasicHttpParams()));
137	   }
138	  
139	   /**
140	   * 向api发送get请求,返回从后台取得的信息。
141	   *
142	   * @param url
143	   * @param client
144	   * @return String
145	   */
146	   protected static String getRequest(String url, DefaultHttpClient client) throws Exception {
147	   String result = null;
148	   int statusCode = 0;
149	   HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(url);
150	   Log.d(TAG, "do the getRequest,url="+url+"");
151	   try {
152	   //getMethod.setHeader("User-Agent", USER_AGENT);
153	   HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(getMethod);
154	   //statusCode == 200 正常
155	   statusCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
156	   Log.d(TAG, "statuscode = "+statusCode);
157	   //处理返回的httpResponse信息
158	   result = retrieveInputStream(httpResponse.getEntity());
159	   } catch (Exception e) {
160	   Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
161	   throw new Exception(e);
162	   } finally {
163	   getMethod.abort();
164	   }
165	   return result;
166	   }
167	  
168	   /**
169	   * 处理httpResponse信息,返回String
170	   *
171	   * @param httpEntity
172	   * @return String
173	   */
174	   protected static String retrieveInputStream(HttpEntity httpEntity) {
175	  
176	   int length = (int) httpEntity.getContentLength();
177	   //the number of bytes of the content, or a negative number if unknown. If the content length is known but exceeds Long.MAX_VALUE, a negative number is returned.
178	   //length==-1,下面这句报错,println needs a message
179	   if (length < 0) length = 10000;
180	   StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(length);
181	   try {
182	   InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(httpEntity.getContent(), HTTP.UTF_8);
183	   char buffer[] = new char[length];
184	   int count;
185	   while ((count = inputStreamReader.read(buffer, 0, length - 1)) > 0) {
186	   stringBuffer.append(buffer, 0, count);
187	   }
188	   } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
189	   Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
190	   } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
191	   Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
192	   } catch (IOException e) {
193	   Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
194	   }
195	   return stringBuffer.toString();
196	   }
197	  }
198	 

  编写主Activity代码JSONDemoActivity,代码如下:

001	  package com.tutor.jsondemo;
002	  import org.json.JSONArray;
003	  import org.json.JSONException;
004	  import org.json.JSONObject;
005	  import android.app.Activity;
006	  import android.os.Bundle;
007	  import android.widget.TextView;
008	  public class JSONDemoActivity extends Activity {
009	  /**
010	  * 访问的后台地址,这里访问本地的不能用127.0.0.1应该用10.0.2.2
011	  */
012	  private static final String BASE_URL = "http://10.0.2.2:8080/index2.jsp";
013	  private TextView mStudentTextView;
014	  private TextView mClassTextView;
015	  @Override
016	  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
017	  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
018	  setContentView(R.layout.main);
019	  setupViews();
020	  }
021	  /**
022	  * 初始化
023	  */
024	  private void setupViews(){
025	  mStudentTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.student);
026	  mClassTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.classes);
027	  try {
028	  //获取后台返回的Json对象
029	  JSONObject mJsonObject = JSONUtil.getJSON(BASE_URL);
030	  //获得学生数组
031	  JSONArray mJsonArray = mJsonObject.getJSONArray("students");
032	  //获取第一个学生
033	  JSONObject firstStudent = mJsonArray.getJSONObject(0);
034	  //获取班级
035	  String classes = mJsonObject.getString("class");
036	  String studentInfo = classes + "共有 " + mJsonArray.length() + " 个学生."
037	  + "第一个学生姓名: " + firstStudent.getString("name")
038	  + " 年龄: " + firstStudent.getInt("age");
039	  mStudentTextView.setText(studentInfo);
040	  mClassTextView.setText("班级: " + classes);
041	  } catch (JSONException e) {
042	  e.printStackTrace();
043	  } catch (Exception e) {
044	  e.printStackTrace();
045	  }
046	  }
047	  }
048	  package com.tutor.jsondemo;
049	  import org.json.JSONArray;
050	  import org.json.JSONException;
051	  import org.json.JSONObject;
052	  import android.app.Activity;
053	  import android.os.Bundle;
054	  import android.widget.TextView;
055	  public class JSONDemoActivity extends Activity {
056	   /**
057	   * 访问的后台地址,这里访问本地的不能用127.0.0.1应该用10.0.2.2
058	   */
059	   private static final String BASE_URL = "http://10.0.2.2:8080/index2.jsp";
060	  
061	   private TextView mStudentTextView;
062	  
063	   private TextView mClassTextView;
064	  
065	  
066	  @Override
067	  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
068	  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
069	  setContentView(R.layout.main);
070	  setupViews();
071	  }
072	  /**
073	  * 初始化
074	  */
075	  private void setupViews(){
076	   mStudentTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.student);
077	   mClassTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.classes);
078	  
079	   try {
080	   //获取后台返回的Json对象
081	   JSONObject mJsonObject = JSONUtil.getJSON(BASE_URL);
082	  
083	   //获得学生数组
084	   JSONArray mJsonArray = mJsonObject.getJSONArray("students");
085	   //获取第一个学生
086	   JSONObject firstStudent = mJsonArray.getJSONObject(0);
087	   //获取班级
088	   String classes = mJsonObject.getString("class");
089	  
090	  
091	  
092	   String studentInfo = classes + "共有 " + mJsonArray.length() + " 个学生."
093	   + "第一个学生姓名: " + firstStudent.getString("name")
094	   + " 年龄: " + firstStudent.getInt("age");
095	  
096	   mStudentTextView.setText(studentInfo);
097	  
098	   mClassTextView.setText("班级: " + classes);
099	   } catch (JSONException e) {
100	   e.printStackTrace();
101	   } catch (Exception e) {
102	   e.printStackTrace();
103	   }
104	  }
105	  }
106

  这里用到的布局文件main.xml代码如下:   

01	  view plaincopyprint?<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
02	  <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
03	  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
04	  android:layout_height="fill_parent"
05	  android:orientation="vertical" >
06	  <TextView
07	  android:id="@+id/student"
08	  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
09	  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
10	  android:text="@string/hello" />
11	  <TextView
12	  android:id="@+id/classes"
13	  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
14	  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
15	  />
16	  </LinearLayout>
17	  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
18	  <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
19	  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
20	  android:layout_height="fill_parent"
21	  android:orientation="vertical" >
22	  <TextView
23	  android:id="@+id/student"
24	  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
25	  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
26	  android:text="@string/hello" />
27	  <TextView
28	  android:id="@+id/classes"
29	  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
30	  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
31	  />
32	  </LinearLayout>
33	  

  最后要在AndroidMainfest.xml中添加访问网络权限:  

01	  view plaincopyprint?<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
02	  <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
03	  package="com.tutor.jsondemo"
04	  android:versionCode="1"
05	  android:versionName="1.0" >
06	  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
07	  <application
08	  android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
09	  android:label="@string/app_name" >
10	  <activity
11	  android:name=".JSONDemoActivity"
12	  android:label="@string/app_name" >
13	  <intent-filter>
14	  <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
15	  <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
16	  </intent-filter>
17	  </activity>
18	  </application>
19	  </manifest>
20	  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
21	  <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
22	  package="com.tutor.jsondemo"
23	  android:versionCode="1"
24	  android:versionName="1.0" >
25	   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
26	  <application
27	  android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
28	  android:label="@string/app_name" >
29	  <activity
30	  android:name=".JSONDemoActivity"
31	  android:label="@string/app_name" >
32	  <intent-filter>
33	  <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
34	  <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
35	  </intent-filter>
36	  </activity>
37	  </application>
38	  </manifest>
39