cobbler无人值守安装CentOS7

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虫子运维师 2018-01-09 15:57:02 ©著作权

文章标签 cobbler 无人值守安装 文章分类 开源

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cobbler介绍

cobbler是一个linux系统安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装，重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS等。

cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于web的界面管理工具（cobbler-web），还提供了Apl接口，可以方便二次开发使用。

cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理

cobbler下载及启动

[root@Cobbler ~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd python-django

[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl start cobblerd.service [root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

根据检查配置文件来修改cobbler配置文件

[root@Cobbler ~]# cobbler check The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it. 2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be s to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the ▽XE network. 3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 4 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a recent version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements. 5 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl 6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one 8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

备份 [root@Cobbler ~]# cp /etc/cobbler/settings{,.ori}

快速修改配置文件

sed -i 's/server: 127.0.0.1/server: 172.16.1.202/' /etc/cobbler/settings sed -i 's/next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 172.16.1.202/' /etc/cobbler/settings sed -i 's/manage_dhcp: 0/manage_dhcp: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings sed -i 's/pxe_just_once: 0/pxe_just_once: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings sed -ri "/default_password_crypted/s#(.: ).#\1"openssl passwd -1 -salt 'oldboy' '123456'"#" /etc/cobbler/settings 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mjFeaes 密码：nk4l

[root@Cobbler ~]# tar xfP cobbler_load_for_CentOS7.tar.gz [root@Cobbler ~]# ls /var/lib/cobbler/loaders COPYING.elilo COPYING.yaboot grub-x86_64.efi menu.c32 README COPYING.syslinux elilo-ia64.efi grub-x86.efi pxelinux.0

[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service. [root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl start rsyncd

与备份文件对比

[root@Cobbler ~]# diff /etc/cobbler/settings{,.ori} 101c101 < default_password_crypted: "$1$oldboy$Npg9Pt9k98Mlg0ZeqHAuN1"

default_password_crypted: "$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac." 242c242 < manage_dhcp: 1

manage_dhcp: 0 272c272 < next_server: 172.16.1.202

next_server: 127.0.0.1 292c292 < pxe_just_once: 1

pxe_just_once: 0 384c384 < server: 172.16.1.202

server: 127.0.0.1

修改dhcp配置文件

[root@Cobbler ~]# cp /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template{,.ori} [root@Cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template 批量修改ip :%s/192.168/172.16/g 21 subnet 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { 22 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; 23 range dynamic-bootp 172.16.1.100 172.16.1.254; 24 default-lease-time 21600; 25 max-lease-time 43200; 26 next-server $next_server;

与备份文件对比

[root@Cobbler ~]# diff /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template{,.ori} 21c21,23 < subnet 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers 192.168.1.5; option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1; 23c25 < range dynamic-bootp 172.16.1.100 172.16.1.254;

 range dynamic-bootp        192.168.1.100 192.168.1.254;

重启服务 [root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl enable tftp.socket Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/tftp.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket. [root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl start tftp.socket [root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service

cobbler同步

[root@Cobbler ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2018-01-09_094453_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Tue Jan 9 09:44:53 2018) running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images copying bootloaders trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi copying distros to tftpboot copying images generating PXE configuration files generating PXE menu structure rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf rendering TFTPD files generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* *** TASK COMPLETE ***

登录cobbler的web界面

https://10.0.0.202/cobbler_web

虚拟机磁盘挂载

[root@Cobbler ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@Cobbler ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 98G 1.6G 97G 2% / devtmpfs 903M 0 903M 0% /dev tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 912M 8.6M 904M 1% /run tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 1014M 135M 880M 14% /boot tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0 /dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt

查看是否导入 [root@Cobbler ~]# ps -ef|grep rsync
root 11796 1 0 09:20 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/rsync --daemon --no-detach root 12205 11869 27 09:58 ? 00:00:03 rsync -a /mnt/ /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS7.4-x86_64 --progress root 12206 12205 0 09:58 ? 00:00:00 rsync -a /mnt/ /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS7.4-x86_64 --progress root 12207 12206 32 09:58 ? 00:00:04 rsync -a /mnt/ /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS7.4-x86_64 --progress root 12217 10658 0 09:58 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto rsync

镜像文件 [root@Cobbler ~]# ls /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ CentOS7.4-x86_64 config

http://***@@httpserver@@***/cblr/links/CentOS7.4-x86_64 ==http://10.0.0.202/cblr/links/CentOS7.4-x86_64/

界面配置文件可以修图 [root@Cobbler ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template DEFAULT menu PROMPT 0 MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io/ TIMEOUT 200 TOTALTIMEOUT 6000 ONTIMEOUT $pxe_timeout_profile

LABEL local MENU LABEL (local) MENU DEFAULT LOCALBOOT -1

$pxe_menu_items

MENU end

不想要local可以修改

自定义安装系统

Cobbler-CentOS-7-x86_64.cfg

#Cobbler for Kickstart Configurator for CentOS 7 by yao zhang

install url --url=$tree text lang en_US.UTF-8 keyboard us zerombr bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet" #Network information $SNIPPET('network_config') #network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=yes --noipv6 --hostname=CentOS7 timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted clearpart --all --initlabel part /boot --fstype xfs --size 1024 part swap --size 1024 part / --fstype xfs --size 1 --grow firstboot --disable selinux --disabled firewall --disabled logging --level=info reboot

%pre $SNIPPET('log_ks_pre') $SNIPPET('kickstart_start') $SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config') #Enable installation monitoring $SNIPPET('pre_anamon') %end

%packages @^minimal @compat-libraries @core @debugging @development bash-completion chrony dos2unix kexec-tools lrzsz nmap sysstat telnet tree vim wget %end

%post systemctl disable postfix.service %end