Linux Oracle11安装
- 目录
- 1：安装准备
- 2：安装依赖包（自己装了就不用装了）
- 2-1:安装系统所需依赖
- 2-2:安装Oracle所需依赖
- 3：创建oracle用户组和用户
- 4：配置内核参数
- 5：限制oracle用户的shell权限
- 6：创建oracle安装目录并赋与相应的权限
- 7：配置oracle用户环境变量
- 8：解压数据库安装文件包
- 9：修改 db_install.rsp 文件
- 10：开始安装数据库
- 10-1：切回 oracle 用户，进入 /usr/local/database/ 文件夹下
- 10-2：执行安装
- 10-3：查看日志
- 10-4：安装过程
- 10-5：安装完成
- 10-6：执行脚本
- 11：配置监听
- 11-1：静默监听
- 11-2：查看监听端口
- 12：静默创建数据库
- 12-1：编辑 dbca.rsp
- 12-2：配置
- 12-3：执行静默安装
- 12-4：查看监听状态
目录
1：安装准备
- 服务器：VMware（CentOS7）
- 安装包：Oracle11g 、PLSQL 、 NotePad++ 、xManager
2：安装依赖包（自己装了就不用装了）
2-1:安装系统所需依赖
python-libs-2.7.5-58.el7.x86_64.rpm
python-2.7.5-58.el7.x86_64.rpm
python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm-python-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm
以上依赖包下载地址：http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php
执行命令过程如下：
[root@oracle-server local]# cd oracledep
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# ll
总用量 7416
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 97772 1月 1 12:48 python-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 39800 1月 1 12:48 python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5917984 1月 1 12:48 python-libs-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 82396 1月 1 12:48 python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 85356 1月 1 12:48 rpm-python-4.11.3-40.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1297332 1月 1 12:48 yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 28348 1月 1 12:48 yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 34744 1月 1 12:48 yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# rpm -ivh python-libs-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 python-libs-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64 已经安装
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch 已经安装
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# rpm -ivh python-libs-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 python-libs-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64 已经安装
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# rpm -ivh python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64 已经安装
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# rpm -ivh rpm-python-4.11.3-40.el7.x86_64.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 rpm-python-4.11.3-40.el7.x86_64 已经安装
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# rpm -ivh yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch 已经安装
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64 已经安装
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# rpm -ivh yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch 已经安装
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# ll
总用量 7416
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 97772 1月 1 12:48 python-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 39800 1月 1 12:48 python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5917984 1月 1 12:48 python-libs-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 82396 1月 1 12:48 python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 85356 1月 1 12:48 rpm-python-4.11.3-40.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1297332 1月 1 12:48 yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 28348 1月 1 12:48 yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 34744 1月 1 12:48 yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm2-2:安装Oracle所需依赖
这里是yum安装，执行命令如下：
yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc+±33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-deve-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc+±devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixO
执行命令过程如下：
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-deve-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixO
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.nju.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
软件包 binutils-2.27-41.base.el7_7.1.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 elfutils-libelf-0.176-2.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 expat-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 glibc-2.17-292.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 glibc-common-2.17-292.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 libgcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 libstdc++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 1:make-3.82-24.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
没有可用软件包 pdksh。
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64.0.3.2.3-72.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64.0.0.176-2.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 pkgconfig(zlib)，它被软件包 elfutils-libelf-devel-0.176-2.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 gcc.x86_64.0.4.8.5-39.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 cpp = 4.8.5-39.el7，它被软件包 gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 .4()(64bit)，它被软件包 gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 .3()(64bit)，它被软件包 gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 gcc-c++.x86_64.0.4.8.5-39.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 glibc-devel.x86_64.0.2.17-292.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 glibc-headers.x86_64.0.2.17-292.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 kernel-headers >= 2.2.1，它被软件包 glibc-headers-2.17-292.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 kernel-headers，它被软件包 glibc-headers-2.17-292.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 libaio-devel.x86_64.0.0.3.109-13.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 libstdc++-devel.x86_64.0.4.8.5-39.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 sysstat.x86_64.0.10.1.5-18.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 .4()(64bit)，它被软件包 sysstat-10.1.5-18.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 unixODBC.x86_64.0.2.3.1-14.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 unixODBC-devel.x86_64.0.2.3.1-14.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 cpp.x86_64.0.4.8.5-39.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 kernel-headers.x86_64.0.3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 libmpc.x86_64.0.1.0.1-3.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 lm_sensors-libs.x86_64.0.3.4.0-8.20160601gitf9185e5.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 mpfr.x86_64.0.3.1.1-4.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 zlib-devel.x86_64.0.1.2.7-18.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
====================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本
====================================================================================================================
正在安装:
compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-72.el7
elfutils-libelf-devel x86_64 0.176-2.el7
gcc x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7
gcc-c++ x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7
glibc-devel x86_64 2.17-292.el7
glibc-headers x86_64 2.17-292.el7
libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.109-13.el7
libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7
sysstat x86_64 10.1.5-18.el7
unixODBC x86_64 2.3.1-14.el7
unixODBC-devel x86_64 2.3.1-14.el7
为依赖而安装:
cpp x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7
kernel-headers x86_64 3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7
libmpc x86_64 1.0.1-3.el7
lm_sensors-libs x86_64 3.4.0-8.20160601gitf9185e5.el7
mpfr x86_64 3.1.1-4.el7
zlib-devel x86_64 1.2.7-18.el7
事务概要
====================================================================================================================
安装 11 软件包 (+6 依赖软件包)
总下载量：43 M
安装大小：88 M
Downloading packages:
(1/17): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
(2/17): elfutils-libelf-devel-0.176-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
(3/17): cpp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm
(4/17): glibc-devel-2.17-292.el7.x86_64.rpm
(5/17): gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm
(6/17): libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
(7/17): glibc-headers-2.17-292.el7.x86_64.rpm
(8/17): libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
(9/17): lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-8.20160601gitf9185e5.el7.x86_64.rpm
(10/17): mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
(11/17): sysstat-10.1.5-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
(12/17): unixODBC-2.3.1-14.el7.x86_64.rpm
(13/17): unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-14.el7.x86_64.rpm
(14/17): zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64.rpm
(15/17): libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm
(16/17): kernel-headers-3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
(17/17): gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : cpp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-8.20160601gitf9185e5.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : kernel-headers-3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : glibc-headers-2.17-292.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : glibc-devel-2.17-292.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : unixODBC-2.3.1-14.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : elfutils-libelf-devel-0.176-2.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-14.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : sysstat-10.1.5-18.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
正在安装 : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64
验证中 : glibc-devel-2.17-292.el7.x86_64
验证中 : unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-14.el7.x86_64
验证中 : sysstat-10.1.5-18.el7.x86_64
验证中 : zlib-devel-1.2.7-18.el7.x86_64
验证中 : gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
验证中 : elfutils-libelf-devel-0.176-2.el7.x86_64
验证中 : mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64
验证中 : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64
验证中 : unixODBC-2.3.1-14.el7.x86_64
验证中 : libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
验证中 : libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64
验证中 : kernel-headers-3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64
验证中 : cpp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
验证中 : gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
验证中 : lm_sensors-libs-3.4.0-8.20160601gitf9185e5.el7.x86_64
验证中 : libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
验证中 : glibc-headers-2.17-292.el7.x86_64
已安装:
compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-72.el7 elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.176-2.el7 gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7
glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.1
sysstat.x86_64 0:10.1.5-18.el7 unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.3.1-14.el7 unixODBC-devel.x86_64 0:2.3
作为依赖被安装:
cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7 libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7 lm_sens
mpfr.x86_64 0:3.1.1-4.el7 zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7
完毕！3：创建oracle用户组和用户
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# groupadd oinstall
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# groupadd dba
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# groupadd asmadmin
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# groupadd asmdba
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle -d /home/oracle
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# id oracle
uid=1000(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) 组=1000(oinstall),1001(dba),1003(asmdba)
[root@oracle-server oracledep]# passwd oracle
更改用户 oracle 的密码 。
新的 密码：
重新输入新的 密码：
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@oracle-server oracledep]#命令：useradd(选项)(参数)
选项：
-c<备注>：加上备注文字。备注文字会保存在passwd的备注栏位中；
-d<登入目录>：指定用户登入时的启始目录；
-D：变更预设值；
-e<有效期限>：指定帐号的有效期限；
-f<缓冲天数>：指定在密码过期后多少天即关闭该帐号；
-g<群组>：指定用户所属的群组；
-G<群组>：指定用户所属的附加群组；
-m：自动建立用户的登入目录；
-M：不要自动建立用户的登入目录；
-n：取消建立以用户名称为名的群组；
-r：建立系统帐号；
-s：指定用户登入后所使用的shell；
-u：指定用户id。
4：配置内核参数
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
# 此参数限制并发未完成的异步请求数目，应该设置避免I/O子系统故障。
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
# 该参数决定了系统中所允许的文件句柄最大数目，文件句柄设置代表linux系统中可以打开的文件的数量。
fs.file-max=6815744
# 该参数表示系统任意时刻可以分配的所有共享内存段的总和的最大值(以页为单位).
# kernel.shmall 参数是控制共享内存页数 。Linux共享内存页大小为4KB,共享内存
# 段的大小都是共享内存页大小的整数倍。一个共享内存段的最大大小是16G，那么需
# 要共享内存页数是16GB/4K4304 （页），也就是64Bit 系统下16GB 物理内存，设置
# kernel.shmall= 4194304才符合要求(几乎是原来设置2097152的两倍)。这时可以将
# shmmax 参数调整到 16G 了，同时可以修改SGA_MAX 12G（您想设置的SGA 最大大小
# ，当然也可以是2G~14G 等，还要协调PGA参数及OS 等其他内存使用，不能设置太满
# ，比如16G）。其值应不小于shmmax/page_size.缺省值就是2097152，如果服务器上
# 运行的所有实例的SGA总和不超过8GB(通常系统可分配的共享内存的和最大值为8GB)
# ,通常不需要修改.修改好内核参数后，执行如下命令使新的设置生效
# /sbin/sysctl -p
kernel.shmall=2097152
# 个内核参数用于设置系统范围内共享内存段的最大数量。
# shmmni 内核参数是共享内存段的最大数量
# (注意这个参数不是shmmin,是shmmni, shmmin 表示内存段最小大小)
# shmmni 缺省值4096 。
kernel.shmmni=4096
# 是核心参数中最重要的参数之一，用于定义单个共享内存段的最大值
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
# 250 信号集容纳最大信号数量
# 32000 所有信号的最大数量
# 100 调用单个信号集中最大信号数量
# 128 信号集的最大值
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
# 表示允许系统打开的端口范围。
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500
# 默认接收缓冲区大小
net.core.rmem_default=262144
# 接收缓冲区最大值
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
# 默认的发送缓冲区大小
net.core.wmem_default=262144
# 发送缓冲区最大值
net.core.wmem_max=1048586参数生效命令： sysctl -p
[root@oracle-server ~]# sysctl -p
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
[root@oracle-server ~]#5：限制oracle用户的shell权限
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
vim /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi6：创建oracle安装目录并赋与相应的权限
[root@oracle-server ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0
[root@oracle-server ~]# mkdir /usr/local/oracle/oradata
[root@oracle-server ~]# mkdir /usr/local/oracle/inventory
[root@oracle-server ~]# mkdir /usr/local/oracle/fast_recovery_area
[root@oracle-server ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/local/oracle
[root@oracle-server ~]# chmod -R 775 /usr/local/oracle
[root@oracle-server ~]#7：配置oracle用户环境变量
[root@oracle-server ~]# su oracle
[oracle@oracle-server root]$ vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile添加如下内容：
umask 022
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle-server
export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/
export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
export PATH=.:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH
export LC_ALL="en_US"
export LANG="en_US"
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"切换为 root 用户重启系统
reboot8：解压数据库安装文件包
解压到 /usr/local/下
解压过程（略）…
[root@oracle-server local]# unzip /home/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /usr/local/
[root@oracle-server local]# unzip /home/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /usr/local/ll 查看文件在 /usr/local/下有一个 /database 的文件夹
下一步创建 /usr/local/etc/ 文件夹 cp 文件如下：
[root@oracle-server local]# mkdir /usr/local/etc/
[root@oracle-server local]# cp /usr/local/database/response/* /usr/local/etc/9：修改 db_install.rsp 文件
####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved.##
## ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ##
## your installation. ##
## ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ##
## values. ##
## ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation. ##
## ##
####################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY:只装数据库软件
# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG:安装数据库软件并建库
# 3. UPGRADE_DB:升级数据库
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames
# and network interfaces)
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle-server
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定oracle inventory目录的所有者，通常会是oinstall或者dba
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定产品oracle inventory目录的路径(指定存放库存文件的位置)如果是Win平台下可以省略
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/oracle/inventory
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.
#
# en : English ja : Japanese
# fr : French ko : Korean
# ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish
# bn : Bengali lv : Latvian
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian
# bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay
# fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish
# ca : Catalan no : Norwegian
# hr : Croatian pl : Polish
# cs : Czech pt : Portuguese
# da : Danish ro : Romanian
# nl : Dutch ru : Russian
# ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese
# en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak
# et : Estonian sl : Slovenian
# fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish
# de : German sv : Swedish
# el : Greek th : Thai
# iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese
# hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish
# is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian
# in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese
# it : Italian
#
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定数据库语言(可以选多个、这里选的是英文和中文简体)
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# oracle安装路径
ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# oracle路径
ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/oracle
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation edition of the component.
#
# The value should contain only one of these choices.
# EE : Enterprise Edition
# SE : Standard Edition
# SEONE : Standard Edition One
# PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 选择ORACEL安装版本：企业版、标准版、标准版1、个人版，个人版只有Windows下有
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is used to enable or disable custom install.
#
# true : Components mentioned as part of 'customComponents' property
# are considered for install.
# false : Value for 'customComponents' is not considered.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 是否自定义Oracle组件，如果选择false则会使用默认组件
# 否则如果选择true需要自己在下面一调参数将要安装的组件一一列出
# 安装相应的版权后会安装自动安装相应的组件、后期如果缺乏某个组件，再次安装会特别麻烦
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is considered only if 'IsCustomInstall' is set to true.
#
# Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install.
#
# The following choices are available. You may specify any
# combination of these choices. The components you choose should
# be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"
# Below is a list of components you may specify to install.
#
# oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Partitioning
# :11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Data Mining
# oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Database Vault
# oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Label Security
# oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing
# oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle OLAP
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
###############################################################################
# #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS #
# ------------------------------------------ #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the #
# group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 指定拥有OSDBA、OSOPER权限的用户组、通常情况下会是DBA组
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING
# - DATA_WAREHOUSE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database SID.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database character set.
#
# It can be one of the following:
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it to false.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
# on the system.
# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto the starter
# database or not.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable includes enabling audit settings, configuring password profiles
# and revoking some grants to public. These settings are provided by default.
# These settings may also be disabled.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
###############################################################################
# #
# Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the #
# starter database: #
# SYS #
# SYSTEM #
# SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# #
# Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) #
# or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
# starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSMAN password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the management option to be selected for the starter database.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. GRID_CONTROL
# 2. DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Management Service to use if Grid Control is selected to manage
# the database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable indicates whether to receive email notification for critical
# alerts when using DB control.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the email address to which the notifications are to be sent.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SMTP server used for email notifications.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=
###############################################################################
# #
# SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERY OPTIONS #
# ------------------------------------ #
# Out-of-box backup and recovery options for the database can be mentioned #
# using the entries below. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is to be set to false if automated backup is not required. Else
# this can be set to true.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system
# user that is specified in this variable.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system user
# specified by the above entry. The following entry stores the password for the
# above operating system user.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of storage to use for the database.
# It can be one of the following:
# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
# - ASM_STORAGE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control
# files, redo logs.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the backup and recovery location.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for
# My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.
# If left blank it will be assumed to be false.
#
# Example : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether user wants to give any proxy details for connection.
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be false.
#
# Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 去除邮箱和密码验证、默认值：false
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.
#
# Example : PROXY_HOST=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_HOST=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and atleast 2 chars.
#
# Example : PROXY_PORT=25
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_USER=username
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_USER=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_PWD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PWD=10：开始安装数据库
10-1：切回 oracle 用户，进入 /usr/local/database/ 文件夹下
[root@oracle-server local]# su oracle
[oracle@oracle-server local]$ cd /usr/local/database/
[oracle@oracle-server database]$10-2：执行安装
[oracle@oracle-server database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /usr/local/etc/db_install.rsp10-3：查看日志
[oracle@oracle-server database]$ tail -f /usr/local/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2020-01-01_11-44-52PM.log10-4：安装过程
实际上就是上一步 installActions2020-01-01_11-44-52PM.log 的内容
10-5：安装完成
10-6：执行脚本
[root@oracle-server database]# sh /usr/local/oracle/inventory/
更改权限/usr/local/oracle/inventory.
添加组的读取和写入权限。
删除全局的读取, 写入和执行权限。
更改组名/usr/local/oracle/inventory 到 oinstall.
脚本的执行已完成。
[root@oracle-server database]# sh /usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
Check /usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/install/root_oracle-server_2020-01-02_00-27-01.log for the output of root script
[root@oracle-server database]#11：配置监听
11-1：静默监听
[root@oracle-server database]# su oracle
[oracle@oracle-server database]$ netca /silent /responsefile /usr/local/etc/netca.rsp
bash: netca: 未找到命令
[oracle@oracle-server database]$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
[oracle@oracle-server database]$ netca /silent /responsefile /usr/local/etc/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /usr/local/etc/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
[oracle@oracle-server database]$
注意：bash: netca: 未找到命令这里执行：source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
11-2：查看监听端口
[root@oracle-server oracle]# netstat -ntlp | grep 1521
tcp6 0 0 :::1521 :::* LISTEN 5367/tnslsnr
[root@oracle-server oracle]#12：静默创建数据库
12-1：编辑 dbca.rsp
[root@oracle-server oracle]# vim /usr/local/etc/dbca.rsp12-2：配置
# 全局数据库名
GDBNAME = "orcl"
# 数据库实例名
SID = "orcl"
# SYS用户密码
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"
# SYSTEM用户密码
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"
# 引用的模板
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
# 指定数据文件路径
DATAFILEDESTINATION =/usr/local/oracle/oradata
# 恢复数据存放目录
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/usr/local/oracle/fast_recovery_area
# 指定字符集
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
# 指定分配内存大小(MEMORY_TARGET)，单位为MB 4G * 80% ≈ 3200(MB)
TOTALMEMORY = "3200"12-3：执行静默安装
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbName orcl -sysPassword oracle -systemPassword oracle-slient : 参数指示将要使用没有图形界面的静默方式进行安装
-templateName：指定模板名称,位于ORACLE_HOME\assistants\dbca\templates下
-gdbname：指定全局数据库名称，注，集群时加以区分
-sid： 指定数据库的全局唯一标识
-responseFile： 指定响应文件，因为不使用响应文件，这里指定了NO_VALUE
-characterSet：用于指定字符集
-memoryPercentage ：指定数据库实例占用的物理百分比
-emConfiguration ： 用于指定Oracle企业管理器的安装位置
[root@oracle-server oracle]# dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbName orcl -sysPassword oracle -systemPassword oracle
Copying database files
1% complete
2% complete
3% complete
4% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
38% complete
40% complete
41% complete
46% complete
51% complete
56% complete
57% complete
58% complete
61% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
74% complete
85% complete
86% complete
87% complete
88% complete
99% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/usr/local/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.12-4：查看监听状态
执行 lsnrctl status
绿色框内有报错：The listener supports no services
解决方案：修改/usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
vim /usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.oraSID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
#BEQUEATH CONFIG
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)
(SID_NAME=orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0)
#PRESPAWN CONFIG
(PRESPAWN_MAX=20)
(PRESPAWN_LIST=
(PRESPAWN_DESC=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(POOL_SIZE=2)(TIMEOUT=1))
)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle-server)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /usr/local/oracle关掉并重启监听
[root@oracle-server admin]# lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 02-JAN-2020 02:28:29
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The command completed successfully
[root@oracle-server admin]# lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 02-JAN-2020 02:58:14
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0//bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /usr/local/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle-server/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle-server)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 02-JAN-2020 02:58:14
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /usr/local/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle-server/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle-server)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 3 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[root@oracle-server admin]#启动失败：
Instance “orcl”, status UNKNOWN, has 3 handler(s) for this service…
… …
原因：提示Instance “orcl”, status UNKNOWN, has 3 handler(s) for this service…这个提示一般认为很正常，是由于实例没有注册到监听服务中去，于是注册实例
解决问题：
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